共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 62 毫秒
1.
采用可见/近红外光谱分析技术对河北和安徽两个产地的板栗进行检测分级,获得板栗样品在600~1 100 nm波长区间的可见/近红外光谱,采用偏最小二乘判别分析（PLSDA）进行建模,比较不同预处理方法和波长范围对PLSDA模型精度的影响。结果显示,不同预处理方法对模型性能影响较大,一阶导数预处理在全波长范围所建PLSDA模型性能最优,校正集和验证集的决定系数分别为0.884和0.863,均方根误差分别为0.170和0.191。不同波长范围也会影响模型的预测和识别性能,在波长区间为750~1 000 nm的光谱所建立的PLSDA模型性能要高于全波长光谱所建立的模型性能,其中经过Savitzky Golay平滑预处理后,模型性能的提高最为明显,且其与原始光谱在校正集和验证集的敏感性和特异性均达到最优,即识别率均可达到100%。因此,可见/近红外光谱分析技术能够对板栗产地进行鉴别。 相似文献
2.
3.
光谱预处理在农产品近红外模型优化中的应用研究 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
在农产品品质的近红外光谱分析中,光谱预处理方法的选择直接影响所建品质模型的稳健性和准确性.为此,使用132个小麦样品的近红外光谱集为例,分别对于原始光谱集和添加不同比例高斯白噪声的光谱集建模,比较了几种常见的光谱预处理方法(小波消噪、光程校正、导数、基于遗传算法的谱区挑选、正交信号校正)对建模的影响.从实例中得出:在光谱信号较好的前提下,谱区挑选是首选的预处理方法;矢量归一化预处理能够比较有效地去除高斯白噪声;在噪声较大的情况下,预处理方法组合明显提高了模型的质量,但是组合顺序还有待于进一步研究. 相似文献
4.
5.
双孢蘑菇硬度的近红外漫反射光谱无损检测 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以双孢蘑菇为试验材料,基于近红外漫反射光谱定量分析技术,研究其贮藏期间硬度无损检测模型的建立方法.采用偏最小二乘法对双孢蘑菇的近红外光谱进行分析,并且比较了4种(一阶导数、二阶导数、标准正交变量变换、多元散射校正)光谱预处理方法的建模结果.试验结果表明,在选定的光谱(5000～10000cm-1)范围内,二阶导数光谱预处理方法所建模型效果最佳,其校正决定系数为0.947 1,验证决定系数为0.826 1,说明基于近红外漫反射光谱的检测方法简便易行,可用于无损评价双孢蘑菇贮藏期间硬度的变化. 相似文献
6.
应用近红外光谱分析技术,采用偏最小二乘法,对141份花椒粉末样品近红外光谱建立挥发油含量定量模型,交叉验证测定系数R2为0.936,交叉验证误差均方根RMSECV为0.421,经直接正交信号校正(DOSC)预处理后,相应的交叉验证测定系数R2提高到0.95,RMSECV减小为0.374.使用105份样品近红外光谱所建立的模型对36份样品的预测集进行预测,光谱采用DOSC预处理前后,预测测定系数R2由0.923提高到0.969,RMSEP由0.452减小到0.289,RSD由11.65%减小到7.44%,RPD由3.622增加到5.573.研究结果表明,使用DOSC预处理后的花椒挥发油含量近红外光谱定量模型的预测效果有较大的提高,且具有较好的稳定性和较强的预测能力,可用于实际的花椒挥发油检测. 相似文献
7.
8.
芝麻油掺伪的近红外透射光谱检测技术 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
采用近红外光谱技术结合间隔偏最小二乘法分别建立芝麻油中掺入大豆油、玉米油和花生油的定量检测模型。实验配制不同比例的掺假芝麻油混合样品,采集样品在4 000～12 000 cm-1范围内的近红外透射光谱,把数据分为校正集与预测集。将4 420～12 000 cm-1波段的光谱进行各种预处理,最佳方法为平滑预处理,并利用间隔偏最小二乘波长筛选法(iPLS)选取光谱特征波段,最后采用偏最小二乘法建立掺假芝麻油的定标模型。结果显示:3种掺假芝麻油的PLS模型预测相关系数分别达到0.998、0.999、0.999,预测均方根误差分别为0.24%、0.24%和0.19%,具有较高的预测精度。实验证明近红外光谱技术对芝麻油掺假的快速检测具有可行性。 相似文献
9.
10.
利用近红外光谱技术进行了柑橘货架期的快速鉴别模型的研究.在两个不同的时间采集从市场上购买的黄岩地区的32个柑橘(同一时间采摘)的近红外光谱,并将不同时间采集光谱时的柑橘的货架期分别定为1类和2类(间隔为10天),对不同货架期的柑橘样品光谱进行主成分特征提取,将提取的特征变量作为神经网络的输入,建立了基于主成分和神经网络的近红外光谱柑橘货架期的快速鉴别模型.所建模型对1类中7个样品货架期的鉴别结果中有4个样品的货架期预测准确率在90%以上;对2类中8个样品货架期的鉴别结果准确率均在90%以上.结果表明,近红外光谱技术可以很好地进行柑橘类水果的货架期的快速鉴别. 相似文献
11.
Overland water and salt flows in a set of rice paddies 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
E. Playn O. Prez-Coveta A. Martínez-Cob J. Herrero P. García-Navarro B. Latorre P. Brufau J. Garcs 《Agricultural Water Management》2008,95(6):645-658
Cultivation of paddy rice in semiarid areas of the world faces problems related to water scarcity. This paper aims at characterizing water use in a set of paddies located in the central Ebro basin of Spain using experimentation and computer simulation. A commercial field with six interconnected paddies, with a total area of 5.31 ha, was instrumented to measure discharge and water quality at the inflow and at the runoff outlet. The soil was classified as a Typic Calcixerept, and was characterized by a mild salinity (2.5 dS m−1) and an infiltration rate of 5.8 mm day−1. The evolution of flow depth at all paddies was recorded. Data from the 2002 rice-growing season was elaborated using a mass balance approach to estimate the infiltration rate and the evolution of discharge between paddies. Seasonal crop evapotranspiration, estimated with the surface renewal method, was 731 mm (5.1 mm day−1), very similar to that of other summer cereals grown in the area, like corn. The irrigation input was 1874 mm, deep percolation was 830 mm and surface runoff was 372 mm. Irrigation efficiency was estimated as 41%. The quality of surface runoff water was slightly degraded due to evapoconcentration and to the contact with the soil. During the period 2001–2003, the electrical conductivity of surface runoff water was 54% higher than that of irrigation water. However, the runoff water was suitable for irrigation. A mechanistic mass balance model of inter-paddy water flow permitted to conclude that improvements in irrigation efficiency cannot be easily obtained in the experimental conditions. Since deep percolation losses more than double surface runoff losses, a reduction in irrigation discharge would not have much room for efficiency improvement. Simulations also showed that rice irrigation performance was not negatively affected by the fluctuating inflow hydrograph. These hydrographs are typical of turnouts located at the tail end of tertiary irrigation ditches. In fact, these are the sites where rice has been historically cultivated in the study area, since local soils are often saline-sodic and can only grow paddy rice taking advantage of the low salinity of the irrigation water. The low infiltration rate characteristic of these saline-sodic soils (an experimental value of 3.2 mm day−1 was obtained) combined with a reduced irrigation discharge resulted in a simulated irrigation efficiency of 60%. Paddy rice irrigation efficiency can attain reasonable values in the local saline-sodic soils, where the infiltration rate is clearly smaller than the average daily rice evapotranspiration. 相似文献
12.
13.
车用发动机润滑油失效规律与更换周期研究 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
研究在正常使用条件下１０Ｗ／３０－ＱＣ级润滑油用于某型车用发动机时所表现的失效规律,确认期服从两参数Ｗｅｉｂｕｌｌ分布,并给出分布的尺度参数η和形状参数ｍ之最佳线性无偏估计（ＢＬＵＥ）同时,还为定量分析,计算车用发动机润滑油的使用可靠性和合理确定其更换周期提供了一套可供借鉴的方法,并给出了具体的计算实例。 相似文献
14.
瓦房店市是我国重要的水果生产基地,在国内水果生产领域占有重要地位。随着水果市场化的不断深入,如何满足和适应国内外市场需求成为瓦房店市水果生产的关键问题。从瓦房店市水果生产实际出发,阐述了实施水果生产标准化的必要性,提出了发展水果生产标准化的具体措施。 相似文献
15.
对引进的谷子新品种金谷子耐旱TG118进行品种比较试验和多点试种。结果表明：该品种抗旱、耐瘠、适应性强,稳产、高产、抗病抗风抗倒伏强,品质优良,粮草兼用,种植简单,省工易管;一般产量在6000kg/hm2以上,比当地主栽品种增产20%以上。最高产量达9450kg/hm2,适于在辽西北地区推广应用。 相似文献
16.
对《种子法》存在问题的探讨 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
李鹏 《农业机械化与电气化》2011,(6):129-130
《种子法》是我国种植业第一部法律。自实施以来,为依法加强种子管理提供了有力的法律支撑,促进我国种子产业发生翻天覆地的变化。但随着依法管理工作的深入和种子产业的快速发展,《种子法》及配套规章的一些问题逐步显现出来。对《种子法》及配套规章存在的问题进行深入分析,对需要进一步补充的章节以及需要调整的内容进行深入探讨,以求更加完善和明确。 相似文献
17.
赵国杰 《农业机械化与电气化》2011,(4):106-107
乡（镇）农技推广体系是农业发展的关键。介绍朝阳市农业技术推广体系的现状,针对目前体制及运行机制、服务手段等方面存在的问题,提出适合朝阳市乡（镇）农技推广体系改革与发展的对策,以期对全省农技推广体系改革和发展起到一些借鉴作用。 相似文献
18.
苑庆刚 《农业机械化与电气化》2010,(3):52-54
草莓果味酸甜爽口,营养价值高,为人们所喜爱的应市鲜果之一。由于草莓易受损伤和微生物侵染,因此其采收、贮藏过程极为重要。介绍草莓采收过程中的注意事项以及11种贮藏保鲜技术的实施步骤和操作方法,推介9种加工方式,为草莓产业化提供技术支持。 相似文献
19.
About 30 years have passed since the Government of Egypt embarked on implementing a series of large scale drainage projects. At present, about 3.8 million acres have been provided with drainage systems on the basis of systematic pre-drainage investigations and designs. The target is to provide drains in approximately 6.4 million acres in the Nile Valley and Delta.The implementation of the subsurface drainage system is carried out by the public sector and private contractors under direct supervision of governmental regional departments. The implementation process depends on many factors related to the drainage material, machinery, manpower, site requirements, farmers and organizations involved. Problems and constraints are sometimes challenging, however, the annual rate of implementation has gradually increased to 170,000 acre/year.This paper discusses the different aspects involved in the implementation process of drainage systems. The development in materials, machinery and construction technologies will be reviewed. Institutional and management factors are going to be also considered. 相似文献
20.
在新世纪,面对机遇和挑战,党的十六大把“社会更加和谐”作为全面建设更高水平的小康社会的一个重要目标。中国人素有社会和谐的理想;西方人自古也向往社会和谐;借鉴东西方两种和谐社会思想的经验、教训,构建社会主义和谐社会理论。 相似文献