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1.
The pathogenicity and immunogenicity of vaccinia virus were examined in order to evaluate the possibility of its application as a recombinant viral vaccine in pigs. Following scarification inoculation with vaccinia virus, a mild reddish papulation developed only on the scarified part of the skin. No symptoms of illness such as fever or stunting were noted. Vaccinia virus was recovered in titers from scarified skin 4 and 7 days after inoculation. Control piglets cohabited with inoculated animals remained normal for the whole 5 week observation period. Hemagglutination inhibition and indirect immunofluorescence tests detected antibodies against vaccinia virus in the inoculated piglets, whereas no anti-vaccinia virus antibodies were detected in the contact control animals. Antigen-induced blastogenic tests of peripheral blood lymphocytes from animals, revealed that lymphocytes obtained from inoculated donors 5 weeks after inoculation, had a higher stimulation index (P less than 0.05) than did those from uninoculated piglets. These results suggested that vaccinia virus would be useful as a recombinant viral vector for pigs.  相似文献   

2.
Groups of cattle, sheep and poultry were inoculated with a recombinant vaccinia virus expressing the haemagglutinin of the swine influenza virus A/NJ/11/76. No adverse clinical responses were recorded and none of the animals developed a viraemia when inoculated with the recombinant or wild-type vaccinia virus. Recombinant virus reisolated from lesions in cattle was stable, maintaining its thymidine kinase negative phenotype and ability to express the swine influenza haemagglutinin. Antibodies to the influenza haemagglutinin were detected in cattle, sheep and poultry inoculated with the recombinant virus. While no animals inoculated with wild-type virus developed these antibodies, there was no detectable spread of either recombinant or wild-type virus from the inoculation sites or to in-contact uninoculated animals. The results indicate that recombinant vaccinia viruses can induce immune responses in cattle, sheep and poultry demonstrating their potential as vaccine vectors in a variety of important veterinary species.  相似文献   

3.
Experiments concerned with the immunogenicity, pathogenicity, and transmissibility of a recombinant vaccinia:Sindbis virus were conducted. The WR strain of the recombinant vaccinia:Sindis virus was found to be infective for calves and mildly pathogenic, resulting in local tissue reaction. It was not transmissible to other calves. Also, it was found to be immunogenic when inoculated intradermally into calves, and antibody was produced against the parent vector virus (vaccinia) and the Sindbis antigen. Recombinant virus given IV to calves induced no detectable clinical signs, nor did the calves develop neutralizing antibodies. Furthermore, second-passage lesion material containing up to 10(7) tissue culture infective doses of the recombinant virus failed to induce development of lesions or illness in intradermally inoculated calves, and virus could not be recovered from the inoculation sites. In this series of experiments, this vaccinia recombinant given intradermally was immunogenic, mildly pathogenic at the local injection site only, and was not transmissible to contact animals, thus demonstrating the potential efficacy and safety of the WR strain of vaccinia virus when used as a live vector system in cattle.  相似文献   

4.
为了构建表达辛德毕斯病毒E基因的重组痘苗病毒,本研究通过基因重组的方法将辛德毕斯病毒E基因及绿色荧光蛋白（enhanced green fluorescent protein,EGFP）基因分别连接至痘苗病毒转移载体pSTK,酶切鉴定得到阳性重组质粒pSTK-SINE-EGFP。采用脂质体转染的方法,将该重组质粒与痘苗病毒天坛株共转染BHK-21细胞,通过同源重组获得重组痘苗病毒。利用EGFP筛选阳性重组痘苗病毒vTTVV-SINE-EGFP,收集感染重组痘苗病毒的BHK-21细胞,SDS-PAGE电泳检测辛德毕斯病毒E基因在细胞中的表达情况,Western blot分析表达产物的免疫原性。结果证明辛德毕斯病毒E基因能在重组痘苗病毒vTTVV-SINE-EGFP中获得表达,且表达产物具有良好的免疫原性。表达辛德毕斯病毒E基因的重组痘苗病毒的成功构建,为研制辛德毕斯病毒活载体疫苗奠定了基础。  相似文献   

5.
构建含黄热病毒E基因、汉坦病毒S基因、克里米亚-刚果出血热病毒M基因及炭疽杆菌POAX2基因的重组天坛株痘苗病毒。设计合成含外源筛选标记EGFP基因和4种拟插入外源基因的重组质粒,利用同源重组和荧光标记筛选技术并结合Cre/Loxp敲除系统,最终构建四联重组痘苗病毒。应用PCR对获得的重组痘苗病毒进行鉴定和遗传稳定性的检测,并在电子显微镜下观察其形态特征。构建含4种外源基因的重组痘苗病毒rVTT-C-4＋,该重组痘苗病毒在转录水平上具有良好的遗传稳定性,且于电镜下观察具备完整形态。成功构建四联重组天坛株痘苗病毒,为后续疫苗研究奠定了基础。  相似文献   

6.
The nucleoprotein (NP) of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) was selected to study the relative importance of an internal structural protein in the avian immune response. The NP gene of the virulent, neurotropic NDV Texas GB (TGB) strain was cloned and sequenced. Nucleotide sequence data for the NP gene allowed comparison of the deduced amino acid sequences for the NP genes of NDV-TGB and the avirulent duck isolate NDV-D26. These comparisons demonstrated an 89% nucleotide sequence homology and a 97% homology between the deduced amino acid sequences. The NDV-TGB NP expressed in recombinant vaccinia virus (rVAC) was electrophoretically and immunologically identical to the wild-type NDV-TGB. Although inoculation of chickens with the recombinant vaccinia virus expressing the NDV NP gene elicited anti-NDV antibodies in higher titers than in birds inoculated with live LaSota NDV, this strong anti-NDV response did not protect against lethal challenge with NDV-TGB.  相似文献   

7.
Several DNA viruses have recently emerged as useful eucaryotic vectors. The ability to incorporate large amounts of foreign DNA in the vaccinia virus genome without loss of infectivity, evidence to correct glycosylation and processing of expressed proteins and the wide host range of vaccinia virus all contribute to the versatility of this system as a research tool. The development of recombinant DNA technology and its use in genetic engineering has provided opportunities to construct DNA-recombinant viruses that can provide protection against a spectrum of diseases. A brief account is given of current developments and future prospects of DNA recombinant viruses, with particular reference to vaccinia virus.  相似文献   

8.
Poxviruses as vaccine vectors   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  
The discovery of Jenner in 1798 founded the science of immunology and eventually led to smallpox eradication from the earth in 1980 after a world-wide vaccination campaign with vaccinia virus (another poxvirus) and paradoxically, despite the eradication of smallpox, there has been an explosion of interest in vaccinia virus in the eighties. This interest has stemmed in part from the application of molecular genetics to clone and express foreign genes from recombinant vaccinia viruses. Vaccinia is also gaining renewed interest due to bioterrorism.

These recombinant viruses have multiple applications in research and vaccinology and led to the development of vectored vaccines, such as the recombinant vaccinia rabies vaccine used to eliminate rabies in Western Europe and, more recently, in the United States. Secondly, alternative poxvirus vectors, such as avipox viruses, were proved to be even safer and efficacious non-replicating vectors (suiciole vectors) when used in non-avian species.  相似文献   


9.
A study was undertaken to determine the safety and suitability of vaccinia virus as an eukaryotic expression vector in dogs. Clinical signs were not seen in inoculated dogs, with the exception of small nodules at the site of inoculation. Vaccinia virus did not spread from dogs that were inoculated by SC (n = 5), intradermal (ID; n = 13), or intranasal (n = 3) routes to noninoculated dogs maintained in close contact. Replication of vaccinia virus appeared to be restricted in dogs because greater than or equal to 10(5) plaque-forming units of virus were required to induce an immune response by ID inoculation. Results were better with ID inoculation than with SC or intranasal inoculations. Repeated inoculations enhanced serum antibody titers, and annual reinoculation resulted in boosting of antibody titers. Maternal antibody interfered with virus replication and antibody production. Recombinant virus products induced antibody formation in dogs to human influenza-A virus, herpes simplex virus, and human hepatitis-B virus antigens. It was concluded that vaccinia virus would be safe and suitable as an eukaryotic expression vector in dogs.  相似文献   

10.
This work is a part of an ongoing effort to develop vaccinia virus recombinants expressing various Brucella abortus proteins. The B. abortus groEL gene encoding the antigenic heat shock protein GroEL was subcloned into vaccinia virus via homologous recombination and expression confirmed by Western blotting. Female BALB/c mice inoculated with recombinant vaccinia virus/GroEL produced GroEL and vaccinia virus specific antibodies. Mice were challenged 8 weeks post-inoculation with virulent B. abortus strain 2308 and protection measured by the rate of clearance of live Brucella from spleens. Although induction of specific immune response to GroEL and vaccinia virus was demonstrated by the appearance of antibodies in mice, no significant level of protection was demonstrable.  相似文献   

11.
Viruses as vectors   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
Traditional vaccines against diseases caused by viruses are based on live attenuated viruses or killed virus preparations. Through the application of molecular biology it is now possible to consider several new approaches to making vaccines, which may combine increased efficacy with greater safety. One of these approaches is to manipulate genetically a virus so that it carries and expresses a foreign gene (or part of a gene) which codes for a protective antigen for another disease. Adeno-, polio- and herpesviruses have been engineered to act as vectors in this way but vaccinia virus remains the main candidate for a recombinant virus vector for vaccine use. The broad host-range of vaccinia virus has made it an effective vector for the analysis of expression of "foreign" antigens as well as a tool for the dissection of the host animal's immune system. For practical purposes in veterinary vaccines, recombinant viruses based on other poxviruses, with more restricted host-ranges, may have certain advantages. Work on the development of recombinant avipoxviruses and capripoxviruses as prototype vaccines for use in poultry and ruminants, respectively, is discussed and illustrated.  相似文献   

12.
The immune response of cattle and pigs to a vaccinia recombinant virus containing the fusion (F) protein gene of rinderpest virus was examined. Half the cattle and all the pigs gave humoral response to primary vaccination and all the cattle gave an anamnestic response to a second vaccination 28 days after the primary vaccination. All the cattle after a single or secondary vaccination were completely protected clinically after exposure to a lethal dose of the Saudi 1/81 strain of virus. Prior vaccination with another TK- vaccinia recombinant (VVCAT) suppressed, but did not abrogate, the immune response to the rinderpest F recombinant. The pigs gave a humoral immune response in the absence of any local reaction at the site of vaccination.  相似文献   

13.
以脂质体转染技术构建了表达鸡传染性法氏囊病病毒（ＩＢＤＶ）ＶＰ２基因的重组鸡痘病毒ＦＰＶ－ＶＰ２，该病毒在鸡胚成纤维细胞及鸡体内均能稳定产生子代病毒，经翅皮下５×１０５ＰＦＵ／羽免疫１日龄ＳＰＦ鸡，免疫后４周以１００ＬＤ５０／羽ＩＢＤＶ超强毒株Ｇ株攻毒，获得了５／６的保护，但不能有效预防临床发病及法氏囊受损萎缩。实验结果证明了ＶＰ２是ＩＢＤＶ的宿主保护性抗原，提示Ｔ细胞介导的免疫可能在ＩＢＤＶ的免疫中起着较为重要的作用。本研究为ＩＢＤＶ重组病毒疫苗研制进行了有益探索。  相似文献   

14.
The current epizootic of rabies in Europe has as its main host the fox. Oral vaccination of the fox population has proven to be particularly effective. It is clear that the major components for a successful vaccination programme are a potent and stable vaccine, and an effective baiting system; the latter should attract the target animal but no non-target species. Recently, vaccines of increased stability have been generated; amongst these is a vaccinia recombinant virus which expresses rabies virus glycoprotein. Consequently, both attenuated live virus vaccines and a recombinant vaccine are available for routine field vaccination of the fox population.  相似文献   

15.
在构建了鹅源新城疫病毒(NewcastleDiseaseVirus,NDV)ZJ1毒株的微型基因组和表达该病毒NP、P与L蛋白的辅助质粒的基础上,通过对该病毒拯救体系中的重要影响因素如ZJ1在易感细胞的增殖、热休克对拯救效率的影响、表达T7RNA聚合酶的重组痘苗的感染复数、胞嘧啶阿拉伯呋喃糖苷(Arac)对重组痘苗复制的影响以及共转染质粒的比例和量等进行了探索。以上研究为该病毒的成功拯救及开展其它相关研究奠定了基础。  相似文献   

16.
After the eradication of variola in 1980, the smallpox vaccination was considered to be no longer required and was subsequently abandoned mainly because of possible adverse effects of vaccinia virus especially in first‐time vaccinees. Despite a growing number of humans without immunity against vaccinia virus, vaccinia virus Lister Elstree (VACV) is still prescribed for testing virucidal efficacy of chemical disinfectants in the guidelines of the German Veterinary Medical Society [Deutsche Veterinärmedizinische Gesellschaft (DVG)], the German Association for the Control of Virus Diseases [Deutsche Vereinigung zur Bekämpfung der Viruskrankheiten (DVV)] and the Robert Koch Institute (RKI). To evaluate a possible substitution of VACV, with the attenuated modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) the virucidal efficacy of four different DVG‐listed commercially available chemical disinfectants representing different groups of chemicals was tested against these two viruses. Quantitative suspension tests and qualitative carrier tests with poplar wood and gauze were performed. Distinction of VACV and MVA was confirmed by cytopathogenic effects, such as differences in plaque morphology. No significant difference in disinfection efficacy between VACV and MVA was observed for any of the disinfectants tested. Implying that vaccinia virus poses a risk after inadvertent inoculation, our results show that MVA, which does not replicate in humans, should replace VACV in the chemical disinfectant testing guidelines.  相似文献   

17.
从包含伪狂犬病病毒（ＰＲＶ）闽Ａ株ＢａｍＨＩ－７片段的重组质粒ｐＰＲ１２８中分离出含有完整糖蛋白ｇｐ５０基因的２．１ｋｂＤＮＡ片段，用ＫｐｎＩ和ＳｔｕＩ酶切后，将其酶切片段分别克隆到ｐＵＣ１９载体中，构建了２．１ｋｂ片段完整测序用质粒。对其序列进行分析，发现与文献报道结果一致，证明分离的ｇｐ５０基因是正确的。将包含ｇｐ５０基因的２．１ｋｂ和１．６ｋｂＤＮＡ片段分别插入带有痘苗病毒天坛株ＴＫ基因区段的ｐＧＪＰ－５质粒Ｐ７．５启动子的下游，构建了ｐＧＢＴ５０－３６和ｐＧＢＴ５０－Ｓ２２个嵌合载体。将嵌合载体通过磷酸钙共沉淀法转染预先感染ＴＫ＋痘苗病毒天坛株的人ＴＫ－１４３细胞或ＣＶ－１细胞，进行体内同源重组。经蚀斑纯化，在ＢｄＵＲ选择压力下，通过光敏生物素标记的探针杂交，获得带有ＰＲＶｇｐ５０基因的重组痘苗病毒。用ＥＬＩＳＡ检测，重组痘苗病毒有特异性ＰＲＶｇｐ５０抗原存在。  相似文献   

18.
为重组表达猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV)M蛋白,本研究将RT-PCR获得的PRRSV CH-1a株M蛋白基因,克隆于pMD18-T载体中,经测序鉴定正确后,亚克隆至牛痘病毒重组转移质粒pSC11中,构建了转移重组质粒pSC11-PRRSV-M。将pSC11-PRRSV-M在脂质体的介导下转染WR株牛痘病毒感染的TK-143细胞,在含有X-gal的琼脂培养基上通过蓝斑筛选含有PRRSV M基因的重组病毒rWR-PRRSV-M。Western blot与IFA检测表明,重组病毒成功表达了PRRSV M蛋白,而且所表达的蛋白保持了良好的免疫原性。动物实验表明,rWR-PRRSV-M所表达的PRRSV M蛋白在免疫小鼠体内诱生了抗PRRSV的抗体。rWR-PRRSV-M的构建,为进一步探讨PRRSV M蛋白免疫原性提供了基础数据,也为PRRS重组活载体疫苗的研究奠定了基础。  相似文献   

19.
目的：构建新型的马传染性贫血病毒（EIAV）的候选疫苗。方法：利用BAC-To-BAC杆状病毒表达系统,将中国马传贫驴白细胞弱毒疫苗（EIAVDLV）及其亲本株（EIAVLN）env基因导入到杆状病毒基因组中。转染昆虫细胞后,得到的重组病毒用SDS-PAGE和Western blot检测表达产物。以本实验室构建的含有EIAVEnv基因的重组痘苗病毒,单独或与重组杆状病毒表达的EIAVEnv蛋白联合免疫小鼠。结果：构建的重组杆状病毒能正确表达全长Env蛋白。与单独免疫组相比,联合免疫组免疫应答显著增强,其中中和抗体的滴度提高5—9倍。结论：含有EIAVEnv基因的重组痘苗病毒与Env蛋白抗原联合务埔．能够诱导高滴座的中和抗体．  相似文献   

20.
以血凝素（ＨＡ）基因为侧翼，将狂犬病病毒糖蛋白基因ｃＤＮＡ置于不同类型的痘苗病毒复合启动子下游，构建了４种表达质粒。重组表达质粒转染已感染ＷＲ株痘苗病毒的ＢＨＫ２１细胞，并通过鸡红细胞吸附试验，筛选、纯化出与表达质粒对应的４组ＨＡ－重组痘苗病毒：ｖＳＦＪ１－１０ＲＶｇｐ，ｖＳＦＪ２－１６ＲＶｇｐ，ｖＲＪ１－１０ＲＶｇｐ，ｖＲＪ２－１０ＲＶｇｐ。经间接免疫荧光试验（ＩＦＡ）鉴定，从４组重组病毒中每组各鉴定出１株阳性重组病毒。Ｗｅｓｔｅｒｎｂｌｏｔ检测显示，重组病毒感染的ＢＨＫ２１细胞裂解物上清中有１种蛋白与抗ＲＶＧＰ的ＭｃＡｂ发生特异反应，分子量为６９０００。在重组病毒感染早期，ＲＶＧＰ的表达量以ｖＳＦＪ１－１０ＲＶｇｐ最高；而在感染晚期，则以ｖＳＦＪ２－１６ＲＶｇｐ最高。４株重组病毒免疫小鼠，均能够不同程度地诱导小鼠产生抗ＲＶＧＰ特异性抗体。  相似文献   

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