首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 62 毫秒
1.
在肉仔鸡日粮中以甜菜碱替代部分蛋氨酸的研究   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3  
本试验研究了在肉仔鸡实用日粮中以甜菜碱替代部分蛋氨酸对肉仔鸡的生长和饲料转化效率的影响.试验中选用艾维因肉仔鸡840只,随机分为5组.甜菜碱为两种产品A和B,A为纯品,B为50%的粗品,按1:2用甜菜碱替代对照组日粮中蛋氨酸添加量的1/2和2/3,即甜菜碱在各组的添加水平前期分别为0%、O.0375%、0.05%;后期分别为0%、0.025%、O.033%.前期各组的蛋氨酸添加水平分别为0.15%、0.075%、0.05%,后期添加水平分别为O.1%、0.05%、0.033%.试验结果表明,前期肉仔鸡的日增重和体重在各处理组之间无显著差异(P>0.05),而饲料转化效率替代组比对照组好(P相似文献   

2.
甲基供体促仔猪生长的内分泌机制的探讨   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  
试验将 72头始重为 1 0kg左右的杜长嘉仔猪随机分为 3组 ,以添加和不添加蛋氨酸为对照 ,试验组喂以添加 80 0mg/kg的甜菜碱。 3组的基础饲粮组成及营养水平相同 ,试验期为 3 6天。结果表明 ,与不添加蛋氨酸组相比 ,添加甜菜碱组猪的日增重和采食量分别提高了 1 1 .82 %(P <0 .0 5)和 8.71 %(P <0 .0 5) ,饲料转化率提高了 2 .79%(P <0 .0 5) ;与添加蛋氨酸组相比无显著差异 (P >0 .0 5)。此外 ,甜菜碱组肝脏中甜菜碱高半胱氨酸甲基转移酶 (BHMT)活较不添加蛋氨酸组高 61 .4 1 %(P <0 .0 5) ,较添加蛋氨酸组高 55.3 6%(P <0 .0 5) ,血样分析结果显示 ,添加甜菜碱组猪比不添加蛋氨酸组显著降低了血清尿素氮含量 (P <0 .0 1 )。提高了血清总铁结合力、GH和IGF -1水平 (P <0 .0 5)。但与添加蛋氨酸组相比 ,差异均不显著 (P >0 .0 5)。上述结果提示 ,甲基供体一方面通过肝脏BHMT酶的调控下为机体甲基化合成代谢提供甲基 ,发挥节约蛋氨酸的效应 ;另一方面通过增强机体GH和IGF -1的分泌 ,促进生长。  相似文献   

3.
本实验在于比较DL-蛋氨酸(DL-Met)与液态2-羟基4-丁酸DL-蛋氨酸(MHA-FA)在肉用鸡(300只)中的生物利用效果。实验鸡随机分成30组,每组10只。采用3种日粮处理:1.以玉米-豆粕为基础的日粮组为对照组;2.在基础日粮中添加DL-蛋氨酸;3.在基础日粮中添加液态2-羟基4-丁酸DL-蛋氨酸(LiquidDL-methionineHydroxyAnalogueFreeAcid,DL-MHA-FA),DL-蛋氨酸的量为2组中的1.54倍。每种日粮随机饲喂10个重复组。在前3周,2组(DL-Met)增重显著高于对照组(P<0.01),其次是3组(MHA-FA)。在整个实验周期(0～6周)中,2组和3组的生长性能显著高于对照组(P<0.01)。在0～3周间,2组和3组的饲料转化率有显著提高(P<0.01)。而在整个试验期,处理间不存在统计差异(P>0.05)。2组或者3组的胴体重显著高于对照组(P<0.01)。而对照组的腹部脂肪比实验组多(P<0.01)。3组的胸肌重高于2组和对照组(P<0.05)。MHA-FA组对于DL-Met组在0～3周,3～6周,0～6周的生物利用率分别为62.11%,64.82%,63.88%;饲料利用率分别为62.98%,67.73%,64.01%。而在6周龄的胴体重,腹部脂肪的减少,胸肌的减少和胸肌的增重分别为65.85%,71.40%,67.94%。  相似文献   

4.
试验采用单因子完全随机设计,包括不同甜菜碱和叶酸添加水平组合的12种试验日粮和正常日粮对照。总计832只1日龄健康公肉仔鸡。随机分13组,每组4个重复,每重复16只鸡,采用两阶段饲养方法(0～3周和4～6周)。于3周和6周末采集肝脏、胸肌和血液样品。统计生产性能,并测定血液生化指标和肝脏和胸肌粗蛋白含量。结果表明:①在本实验条件下,4个叶酸添加水平和3个甜菜碱水平组成的12个日粮可节约正常日粮对照组中添加的蛋氨酸和胆碱,对0～3周和4～6周龄肉仔鸡的日增重和耗料增重比没有产生显著影响(P>0.05);②如以3周龄肉仔鸡血清总蛋白、白蛋白、尿素N和肝脏粗蛋白的含量为判定指标,日粮中添加1.5mg/kg或2.25mg/kg叶酸,同时添加300mg/kg、600mg/kg或900mg/kg任一水平的甜菜碱即达到节约部分蛋氨酸和全部胆碱的目的。  相似文献   

5.
甜菜碱对肉鸭体内脂肪代谢的影响   总被引：9，自引：1，他引：8  
54 0只 2 1日龄商品代樱桃谷肉鸭根据体重相近、公母各半的原则分成 5个组 ,分别为对照组和 4个甜菜碱处理组。每组 1 0 8只 ( 3 6× 3 ) ,每组设 2个重复 ,每个重复 3 6只。对照组饲粮中不添加甜菜碱 ,试验 1～4组饲粮中甜菜碱的添加量分别为 2 50、50 0、750、1 0 0 0 mg/kg。饲养试验结束后 ,60只被屠宰用于胴体测定(每组 6公、6母 )。结果表明 ,甜菜碱显著降低了肉鸭的腹脂率 ( P <0 .0 5)、皮脂厚 ( P <0 .0 5)和肝脏粗脂肪含量 ( P<0 .0 5) ,明显提高了肉鸭肌间脂肪 ( P<0 .0 5)和胸肌粗脂肪的含量 ( P <0 .0 5)。进一步分析表明 ,在肉鸭饲粮中添加 1 0 0 0 mg/kg甜菜碱显著提高了甜菜碱高半胱氨酸甲基转移酶 ( BHMT)总活力和比活力( P <0 .0 1 )、肝脏游离肉碱含量 ( P <0 .0 1 )和胸肌脂酰肉碱的含量 ( P <0 .0 1 ) ,明显降低了肉鸭腹脂NADPH脂肪生成酶 ( G-6-PD、MDH、ICD)的活性 ( P <0 .0 5) ,显著提高了肉鸭血清中生长激素 ( GH)水平( P <0 .0 1 )。结果揭示 ,甜菜碱通过增强甲基代谢 ,加强了肉碱合成 ,促进了长链脂肪酸β-氧化 ,同时通过刺激 GH分泌 ,抑制脂肪合成酶活性 ,从而对脂肪代谢发生调控作用  相似文献   

6.
采用饲养试验、代谢试验、屠宰测定等方法 ,研究在基础日粮中添加不同剂量蛋氨酸硒对肉用仙居鸡生长性能和胴体特性的影响。结果表明 ,在基础日粮中分别添加 0 .1,0 .15 ,0 .2和 0 .2 5mg/kgSe水平的蛋氨酸硒比对照组 (添加 0 .15mg/kgSe水平的亚硒酸钠 )体增重分别增加了 9.5 4 % ,12 .30 % ,9.0 7%和 8.0 4 % (P <0 .0 5 ) ;饲料转化率分别提高了 7.35 % ,9.4 5 % ,9.19%和 8.4 0 % (P <0 .0 5 ) ;硒存留率分别提高 2 9.92 % ,2 6 .4 2 % ,19.88%和 19.6 4 %(P <0 .0 5 ) ;蛋氨酸硒对鸡的胴体特性无显著影响  相似文献   

7.
日粮蛋氨酸及赖氨酸水平对雌性肉仔鸡胴体组成的影响   总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11  
本试验旨在探讨日粮蛋氨酸和赖氨酸水平对 3～ 6周龄艾维茵母鸡胴体组成及脂肪代谢的影响。试验采用 3× 5双因子试验设计 ,蛋氨酸设 3个水平 ( 0 32 % ,0 4 4% ,0 56 % ) ,赖氨酸设 5个水平( 0 7% ,0 85% ,1 0 % ,1 1 5% ,1 30 % ) ,一共形成 1 5个处理组。基础日粮由玉米、豆粕、花生粕、玉米蛋白粉等组成。含代谢能 1 2 73MJ/Kg ,粗蛋白 1 8 8% ,赖氨酸 0 7% ,蛋氨酸 0 32 %。试验末分别检测生产性能 ,屠宰性能及血液生化指标。结果表明 :日粮赖氨酸和蛋氨酸显著影响了肉仔鸡的胴体组成和脂肪代谢 (P <0 0 1 )。赖氨酸和蛋氨酸缺乏或过量 ,血浆尿酸、甘油三脂和极低密度脂蛋白浓度均呈上升趋势。日粮赖氨酸 ( 0 70 % )和蛋氨酸 ( 0 32 % )缺乏显著降低了肉仔鸡的体增重、胸肉率及全净膛率 (P<0 0 5) ,而腹脂沉积偏高。适度提高日粮赖氨酸和蛋氨酸水平可以提高全净膛率 ,胸肌率 ,降低腹脂沉积 ,从而改善胴体品质  相似文献   

8.
日粮中不同蛋氨酸水平对感染E.tenella肉仔鸡的影响   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  
试验采用 3× 2试验设计。将 7日龄 36 0只AA肉仔鸡按称重均匀分成 6组 (1、2、3、4、5、6 ) ,每组 6 0只鸡 ,每 5只鸡 1笼 ,饲养在不锈钢笼中。A处理为日粮蛋氨酸添加水平 0、0 .2 %、0 .8% ,B处理为孢子化柔嫩艾美耳球虫 (E .tenella)卵囊 (接种 3× 10 4 个孢子化E .tenella卵囊 ,未接种 )。其中 1、2组饲喂试粮 1(添加 0蛋氨酸 ) ,3、4组饲喂试粮 2 (添加 0 .2 %蛋氨酸 ) ,5、6饲喂试粮 3(添加 0 .8%蛋氨酸 )。 14日龄时 ,1、3、5组的鸡 ,每只分别接种 3× 10 4 个孢子化柔嫩艾美耳球虫卵囊 ,2 2日龄试验结束。结果表明 ,日粮中添加蛋氨酸与未添加蛋氨酸比 ,可以显著提高日增重(P <0 .0 5 )。日粮中添加 0 .8%的蛋氨酸与 0 .2 %相比 ,对试验期间肉仔鸡的生产性能的影响差异不显著 (P >0 .0 5 )。日粮中蛋氨酸水平和柔嫩艾美耳球虫感染对肉仔鸡的免疫器官指数影响不显著 (P >0 .0 5 ) ,但感染组的脾脏指数却都比未感染组大。日粮中蛋氨酸水平可以显著影响感染球虫肉仔鸡抗体的产量 (P <0 .0 5 )。随着日粮蛋氨酸水平的增加 ,血清抗体也随着增加。日粮中蛋氨酸水平可以显著影响感染球虫的肉仔鸡病变记分 (P <0 .0 5 )。日粮中添加 0 .8%的蛋氨酸 ,病变记分显著优于 0 .2 %组、0组 (P <0 .0 5 )。在球  相似文献   

9.
本试验用2400只肉用仔公鸡研究了DL-蛋氨酸和甜菜碱对1到38日龄期间生长性能和对384只肉用仔公鸡胴体的影响。三个剂量水平(0,0.05％和0.10％)的DL-蛋氨酸和两个剂量水平(0和0.04％)的甜菜碱分别组合,添加到在无蛋氨酸日粮中。雏鸡和生长鸡饲喂玉米-豆粕型日粮或具有荷兰肉鸡工业特点的试验饲粮。所有饲粮都添加胆碱,以避免缺乏含硫氨基酸。 提高蛋氨酸的添加量能显著提高肉用仔公鸡的日增重和饲粮转化率。添加甜菜碱没有影响肉用仔公鸡的生长。甜菜碱明显地提高了没有添加DL-蛋氨酸饲粮的转化率,但对添加DL-蛋氨酸饲粮的转化率效率却没有影响。添加0.05％DL-蛋氨酸的饲粮将胸肉产量提高了大约1.5个百分点,然而,0 04％的甜菜碱添加量只能将胸肉产量提高约0_3到0.6个百分点。饲粮类型对肉用仔公鸡没有影响。总之,在肉用仔公鸡饲粮中,甜菜碱不能完全取代蛋氨酸作为必需氨基酸的添加作用。  相似文献   

10.
5～10周龄扬州鹅日粮中适宜蛋氨酸水平的研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  
本文旨在研究5～10周龄扬州鹅日粮中适宜的蛋氨酸水平。选用28日龄的健康扬州鹅150只,随机分成5组,每组3个重复,每个重复10只,公母各半。试验采用单因子有重复设计,日粮蛋氨酸水平分别为0.23%、0.33%、0.43%、0.53%和0.63%。结果表明:日粮不同蛋氨酸水平对5～10周龄扬州鹅生长性能、屠宰性能和血清生化指标均存在显著影响。(1)0.43%蛋氨酸水平试验组鹅的生长速度最快,料重比显著低于0.23%组(P<0.05);(2)0.43%和0.53%蛋氨酸水平试验组鹅在屠宰率、半净膛率、全净膛率、胸肌率和腿肌率显著高于其他各组(P<0.05),且随着日粮中蛋氨酸水平的增加腹脂率呈下降趋势,0.53%和0.63%组鹅腹脂率显著低于0.23%组(P<0.05);(3)0.43%和0.53%蛋氨酸水平试验组鹅血清尿素氮(BUN)浓度显著低于0.23%组(P<0.05),0.53%蛋氨酸水平试验组鹅血清总蛋白(TP)浓度显著高于0.23%组(P<0.05)。综上所述,当日粮蛋白质水平为15.82%时,建议5～10周龄扬州鹅日粮中适宜蛋氨酸水平为0.43%～0.53%。  相似文献   

11.
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks.  相似文献   

12.
Human and equine athletes are reported to have a high prevalence of gastric disease, and anecdotal evidence suggests a similar phenomenon applies to racing sled dogs. To investigate the prevalence of gastric disease in racing sled dogs, we conducted 2 gastroscopy studies on dogs competing in the annual Iditarod Sled Dog Race. A pilot study of dogs that were either dropped from the 2000 Iditarod Sled Dog Race because of illness or that finished the race indicated that, approximately 5 days after competing, 10 of 28 dogs (35%) had endoscopic evidence of gastric ulceration, erosion, or hemorrhage. The next year, an endoscopic study of 73 dogs participating in the 2001 Iditarod race was performed in order to evaluate a larger population of dogs. Data from 70 of these dogs could be used; 34 (48.5%) had ulceration, erosion, gastric hemorrhage, or some combination of these findings. When this group of 70 dogs was compared retrospectively to a control group of 87 dogs presented to the Texas A&M University (TAMU) Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, the Iditarod sled dogs had a significantly higher prevalence (P = .049) of gastric lesions. These findings suggest that, similar to athletes of other species, elite canine athletes have an increased prevalence of gastric disease compared to the canine population at large.  相似文献   

13.
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses.  相似文献   

14.
Tropical Animal Health and Production -  相似文献   

15.
The epidemiology of H. placei and of other gastrointestinal nematodes in yearling dairy cattle was examined on two farms in Kiambu District, central Kenya during each of 13 one-month periods from April 1993 to April 1994. On each farm, 32 newly weaned dairy calves were given a single dose of albendazole and then placed on experimental pastures. Twelve of the animals were designated for bi-monthly slaughter (n = 2) and analysis of worm population characteristics and 20 were designated for blood and faecal collection and for weighing. Two parasite-free tracer calves were grazed alongside the weaner calves each month throughout the study period and were also slaughtered for analysis of worm populations. Faecal egg counts, haematological and serum pepsinogen determinations, herbage larval counts, and animal live weight changes were recorded monthly. The study revealed that Haemonchus placei, Trichostrongylus axei, Cooperia spp. and Oesophagostomum radiatum were responsible for parasitic gastroenteritis and that H. placei was the predominant nematode present in the young cattle on both farms. Faecal egg counts from resident cattle and necropsy worm counts revealed that pasture larval levels were directly related to the amount of rainfall. The total worm burdens in the animals were highest during the rainy season (March–June and October–December) and lowest during the dry seasons (July–September and January–February). The very low recovery of immature larvae of H. placei from the tracer calves indicated that arrested development is not a feature of the life cycle of this parasite in central Kenya. The maintenance of the parasite population depended on continuous cycling of infection between the host and the pasture. The agroclimatic conditions of the study area were such that, in general, favourable weather conditions for the development and survival of the free-living stages of gastrointestinal nematodes existed all year round.  相似文献   

16.
The occurrence of ectoparasites in sheep flocks is frequently reported but seldom quantified. Sheep production used to be a predominantly family activity in the state of Sa~o Paulo (Brazil), but it began to become a commercial activity in the past decade. Thus, information about the ectoparasites existing in sheep flocks has become necessary. The present data were obtained by means of questionnaires sent to all sheep breeders belonging to the `Associaça~o Paulista de Criadores de Ovinos' (ASPACO; Sa~o Paulo State Association of Sheep Breeders). Response reliability was tested by means of random visits paid to 10.6% of the respondents. Most of the properties (89.5%) reported the presence of one or more ectoparasites. Screw-worm (Cochliomyia hominivorax) was the most frequent ectoparasite (72.5%), followed by bot fly larvae (Dermatobia hominis, 45.0%), ticks (Amblyomma cajennense) and Boophilus microplus, 31.3%) and finally lice (Damalinia ovis, 13.8%). Combined infestations also occurred, the most common one being screw-worm with bot fly larvae (36.0%) followed by bot fly larvae with ticks (13.9%), screw-worm with ticks (9.3%), bot fly larvae with lice (6.9%), and ticks with lice (5.0%). The most common triple combination was screw-worm, bot fly larvae and ticks (12.8%). Breeds raised for meat or wool were attacked by bot fly larvae and ticks more often than other breeds. Lice were only absent from animals of indigenous breeds. The relationships among these ectoparasites are discussed in terms of sheep breeds, flock size, seasonality and the ectoparasitic combinations on the host.  相似文献   

17.
Our particular attention in this article was given to natural mediators for macrophages isolated from the sites of tissue injury. A number of chemotactic factors, which may satisfy many criteria making them acceptable as inflammatory leucocyte chemotactic factors, has been separated. Among them, our laboratory has isolated three macrophage (monocyte) chemotactic factors (MCF-a, -b and -c). Their purification, characterization and functional specificity are discussed.  相似文献   

18.
Comparison of different tests to diagnose feline infectious peritonitis   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
  相似文献   

19.
An experiment was conducted to study disappearance of C14 to C18 fatty acids, lag times and biohydrogenation (BH) rates of C18 fatty acids of ground soya bean and canola seeds in situ. Three ruminally fistulated Dallagh sheep were used to determine ruminal BH of unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs). Differences in the disappearance of fatty acids through the bags and lag times were observed between the oilseeds. We saw that the longer the incubation time of the oilseeds in the rumen, the lower the content of C18:2 and C18:3. Significantly higher lag times for both C18:2 and C18:3 were observed in ground canola compared to ground soya bean. BH rates of C18:2 and C18:3 fatty acids in soya bean were three times higher than those of canola. These results suggest that the fatty acid profile of fat source can affect the BH of UFAs by rumen micro‐organisms. So that UFAs of canola had higher ability to escape from ruminal BH. It seems that fatty acid profile of ruminant products is more affected by canola seed compared to soya bean seed.  相似文献   

20.
Serum biochemical values and the wet weight to dry weight ratios of tissues were determined in yaks in Shandan county of Gansu province. The liver, kidney, heart and muscle contents of seven elements in yaks were also analysed. Most serum biochemical values were similar to those of cattle, camels and sheep, but the calcium concentration was considerably above the normal range for other ruminants. The liver contained the highest concentrations of copper, manganese and cobalt and the kidney of selenium, iron and calcium.Abbreviations Alb albumin - ALT alanine aminotransferase - AST aspartate aminotransferase - BUN blood urea nitrogen - Chol cholesterol - Glob globulin - -GT -glutamyl transpeptidase - IP inorganic phosphorus - TP total protein  相似文献   

设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号