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牛早期胚胎性别鉴定PCR反应体系的优化研究 总被引：29，自引：2，他引：29
根据牛SRY基因序列设计合成2对巢式PCR引物作为性别鉴定引物，根据牛酪蛋白基因序列设计了一对引物作为内标引物建立了牛胚胎性别鉴定的PCR反应体系。同时对常规PCR和巢式PCR在牛早期胚胎性别鉴定中的实用性进行比较。15头公牛、13头母牛的DNA样品检测结果表明：使用巢式PCR公牛可以扩增出205bp的SRY基因片段和403bp的酪蛋白基因片段，母牛只能扩增出403bp的酪蛋白基因片段；而使用常规PCR时公牛扩增出255bp的SRY基因片段和403bp的酪蛋白基因片段，母牛只能扩增出403bp的酪蛋白基因片段，其性别鉴定结果和实际完全一致。由于巢式PCR只需10个细胞就可以在紫外透射分析仪下看到扩增结果，而常规PCR则需要20～30个细胞，所以胚胎性别鉴定时使用巢式PCR效果更好。试验采用巢式PCR鉴定了10个奶牛胚胎的性别，同时还对血清是否会对试验结果产生影响进行了研究。 相似文献
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正交设计优化星星草ISSR-PCR反应体系研究 总被引：10，自引：2，他引：10
采用正交设计法优化适合于星星草的ISSR体系,对影响ISSR-PCR的多个因素,包括引物浓度、Taq酶的用量、Mg2 和dNTP浓度进行了比较、优化;同时又对DNA模板浓度,PCR扩增程序中的退火温度及循环次数进行了筛选.结果确定了星星草ISSR PCR反应体系的最佳方案为:PCR扩增程序,94℃预变性5min;进行40个循环的94℃变性45s,55℃复性45 s,72℃延伸2 min;72℃延伸10 min,4℃保存.20μl反应体系包括10%buffer 2μl、模板DNA60ng、dNTP 100μmol/L、TaqDNA聚合酶1.5U、引物0.8mmol/L、Mg2 2.0mmol/L. 相似文献
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荧光定量PCR技术及其在动物检疫中的应用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
作为体外基因的快速扩增技术,PCR的应用存在很多局限性,如伴随高敏感性而引起的假阳性、EB染色对操作者的危害及环境的污染。为了克服这些缺陷,荧光定量PCR(fluorescence quantitative poly-merase chain reaction,FQ-PCR)应运而生,FQ-PCR解决了传统PCR方法不能准确定量、易交叉污染等实际问题,反应过程中通过实时监测PCR反应体系中的荧光信号便可得知靶序列初始浓度,从而达到快速定性、定量检测的目的。按照荧光产生的原理,可将FQ-PCR分为染料法和探针法两种类型。染料法是在常规PCR反应体系中加入SYBR Green I等荧光染料,… 相似文献
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本研究以改良的CTAB法提取的甘肃合作钝裂银莲花（Anemone obtusiloba）基因组DNA为模板,通过正交和单因素试验,探讨引物浓度、聚合酶浓度、Mg2+浓度、dNTPs浓度和模板浓度对银莲花ISSR PCR扩增的影响。结果表明,钝裂银莲花ISSR PCR最佳反应体系：总体积20 μL,模板浓度20 ng,聚合酶2 U,Mg2+浓度2.5 mmol·L-1,dNTPs浓度0.3 mmol·L-1,引物浓度0.4 mmol·L-1,引物UBC807退火温度为51 ℃。 相似文献
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试验拟通过建立兔源性肺炎克雷伯氏菌的PCR检测方法,为规模化兔场肺炎克雷伯氏菌的检测提供理论依据。以肺炎克雷伯氏菌的保守序列khe基因设计特异性引物,建立PCR反应体系,并对反应条件进行优化。选择不同菌株进行PCR扩增来检测该方法的特异性。接着对不同浓度的肺炎克雷伯氏菌DNA进行PCR扩增,以检测该方法的敏感性。对PCR反应体系和反应条件进行优化,结果显示当引物浓度为50μmol/L,退火温度为52℃时,特异性条带最亮。特异性试验结果显示只有肺炎克雷伯氏菌有特异性条带出现。敏感性试验结果显示建立的PCR检测方法能检测出的DNA最低浓度为1.83 ng/μL。研究所建立的PCR检测方法具有良好的敏感性和特异性,适合肺炎克雷伯氏菌的检测。 相似文献
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东方蜜蜂ISSR反应体系的建立及优化 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以东方蜜蜂(Apis cerana)为材料,对影响ISSR-PCR扩增结果的因素如模版DNA、Mg2+、dNTPs、Taq DNA聚合酶、引物的浓度及退火温度进行了研究.确立了适合东方蜜蜂ISSR扩增的反应体系:25IX L反应体系中最适含量为:10×PCR buffer 2.5μL,2.5mmol/L MgCl2,0.2 mmol/L dNTPs,1UTaqDNA聚合酶,0.4 pmol/μL引物,20～40 ng模板DNA.PCR反应程序为:94℃预变性5 min,94℃变性1 min,52.3℃(引物UBC811优化后的退火温度,退火温度随引物不同而定)退火30 s,72℃延伸30 s,35个循环,72℃再延伸5 min,在4℃保存.优化体系的建立为进一步利用ISSR分子标记技术进行东方蜜蜂遗传多样性研究奠定了基础. 相似文献
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本文采用低熔点琼脂糖包被Taq酶热启动聚合酶链式反应(PCR)扩增出金黄色葡萄球菌耐热核酸酶(nuc)基因,该法与普通PCR扩增效果无异且具有避免非特应性扩增等特点.同时研究了不同退火温度对扩增反应结果的影响,确定了51.7C为最佳退火温度.为进一步研究热启动PCR方法提供了依据. 相似文献
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根据兔SRY基因序列设计两对引物作为兔雄性特异性引物,根据兔APP基因序列设计1对引物作为内标引物,分别建立了兔早期胚胎性别鉴定的双重PCR和巢式PCR反应体系,在不同浓度的基因组DNA和兔早期胚胎上进行性别鉴定应用,同时,对兔SRY巢式PCR引物特异性进行了分析。结果表明,多重PCR扩增兔基因组DNA可以准确判定其性别,扩增灵敏度为100pg基因组DNA;多重PCR鉴定24枚兔32细胞桑椹胚性别,只能对整胚成功鉴定。巢式PCR,公兔基因组DNA扩增出282bp的SRY基因片段,母兔没有扩增产物,扩增灵敏度为10pg;对24枚兔32细胞桑椹胚性别鉴定结果表明,巢式PCR可以对少至4个胚胎细胞进行准确鉴定,同一胚胎结果符合率为100%(24/24)。SRY引物只对兔雄性基因组DNA特异,而其他动物(人、牛、绵羊、小鼠)雄性DNA及兔的冲卵液,均无PCR产物。 相似文献
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桑天牛成虫肠道细菌基因组DNA的提取及PCR反应体系优化 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
为了建立一套适用于桑天牛肠道细菌多样性研究的PCR反应体系和程序,采用改良的十六烷基三乙基溴化铵(CTAB)法提取桑天牛成虫肠道细菌基因组DNA,通过L16(45)正交组合试验和单因素梯度试验对MgC l2、dNTP、随机引物、TaqDNA聚合酶、模板DNA的浓度和退火温度、循环次数等影响PCR扩增的重要因素进行优化。试验结果表明,采用改良的CTAB方法提取的桑天牛成虫肠道细菌DNA质量较高,适宜于PCR扩增分析。25μLPCR反应体系及反应程序中各因素优化组合为:10×Buffer 2.5μL,MgC l22.0 mmol/L,dNTP 0.2 mmol/L,随机引物0.48μmol/L,TaqDNA聚合酶0.75 U,模板DNA 75 ng;退火温度60℃,循环次数30次。 相似文献
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Imai K Ishihara R Jayawardane GW Nishimori K Nishimori T 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2002,64(10):953-956
Three different polymerase chain reaction (PCR) protocols were evaluated for their ability to detect bovine herpesvirus 2 (BoHV-2): single-step PCR with 3 reaction stages (denaturation, annealing and extension), 2 reaction stages (denaturation and annealing/extension; shuttle PCR), and semi-nested PCR with 3 reaction stages. All the PCR protocols showed the same sensitivity (detection limit of 0.4 TCID(50)). A non-specific band sometimes appeared in mock cell DNA at annealing temperatures below 64 degrees C. The shuttle PCR was found to be superior to the other protocols under consideration because of the speed of its application. Furthermore, no non-specific band was detected in DNAs of eight other DNA viruses. Thus, the shuttle PCR seems to be an excellent diagnostic tool for BoHV-2 infections. 相似文献
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鸡肿瘤病料中马立克氏病病毒和禽网状内皮组织增生症病毒共感染的研究 总被引：23，自引：1，他引：23
采用细胞培养、间接荧光抗体试验(IFA)、聚合酶链式反应(PCR)和斑点杂交(Dotblot)的方法从我国不同地区发生肿瘤的病料中同时进行MDV和REV的分离和鉴定。在分离到的13株MDV野毒株中，有4株培养物既能在IFA中与REV的单抗反应，又可以用PCR扩增出REV的LTR；另有4株培养物能扩增出REV的LTR，但在IFA中却不与REV的单抗反应。结果表明我国MD肿瘤中存在着REV的共感染，且我国MDV某些野毒株的基因组中有可能已经整合进了REV的LTR序列。 相似文献
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Four genetic Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) polymerase chain reactions (PCRs) (16s rRNA PCR, three newly developed PCR methods that target surface protein genes [mgc2, LP (nested) and gapA (nested)]) were compared for analytical specificity and sensitivity and for diagnostic sensitivity (Se) and specificity of detection from tracheal swabs. The licensed MG DNA Test Kit Flock Chek test (IDEXX, Laboratories, Inc., Westbrook, ME) was as well evaluated for the diagnostic specificity and sensitivity of detection from tracheal swabs. Analytical specificity was evaluated for the four generic PCR methods using a panel of DNA samples from microorganisms that may be isolated from the trachea of commercial poultry and other fowl. PCR methods mgc2, nLP, and ngapA only amplified DNA from MG, whereas 16S rRNA PCR amplified DNA from MG and Mycoplasma imitans. The analytical sensitivity of the four generic PCR methods expressed in color-changing units (CCU)/amplification reaction was estimated for each PCR method and ranged from 4 to 400 CCU/reaction; the sensitivities of single PCR methods 16S rRNA and mgc2 were estimated at 40 CCU/reaction, the nLP at 400 CCU/reaction, and the ngapA at 4 CCU/reaction. The diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of MG detection from tracheal swab pools, as compared to isolation from choanal cleft swabs, was evaluated for the five PCR methods using three groups of birds exposed to vaccine strains ts-11 and 6/85 and to challenge strain R. All PCR methods were able to detect the vaccine strains and the challenge strain R directly from tracheal swabs, indicating that PCR primers from the different methods amplified divergent MG strains. Isolation and PCR results correlated satisfactorily among the three experimentally infected groups, with agreement values (k) ranging from 0.52 to 1.00. The ngapA, IDEXX, and mgc2 PCRs showed the best sensitivity (Se) ratios for detection of M. gallisepticum strains as compared to isolation. Compared to the ngapA and IDEXX PCR methods, the mgc2 PCR has a faster turnaround time, since this test consists of a single amplification reaction and the amplification product is detected by gel electrophoresis. Therefore, among the PCR methods evaluated in this study, the mgc2 PCR is the method of choice to further validate in the field. 相似文献
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多重荧光PCR检测Ⅱ型猪链球菌方法的建立及应用 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：6
建立了一种快速检测Ⅱ型猪链球菌（Streptococcus suis）的多重荧光PCR（multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction）方法。首先，从GenBank中获得Ⅱ型猪链球菌荚膜抗原编码基因簇中的cps2I和溶菌素释放蛋白基因mrp，用PrimerExpress2．0设计引物和Taqman荧光探针，在ABl7500荧光PCR仪上进行荧光PCR检测。荧光曲线表明该多重荧光PCR可以特异性地检测Ⅱ型猪链球菌，而参考猪链球菌、大肠杆菌等细菌和空白对照均为阴性；检测方法灵敏度达10个细菌的最小检测量，整个过程仅需60min；稳定性试验表明，2次检测所得的ct值之间无统计学差异（P〉0．05）。本试验建立的多重荧光PCR检测Ⅱ型猪链球菌的方法快速、特异性强，灵敏度高，稳定性好，适合于大批量样品的检验，可广泛用于出入境检疫和动物防疫监督部门的疫情监测。 相似文献
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Niwa H Anzai T Hobo S 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2007,69(11):1199-1201
Contagious equine metritis (CEM) is a highly contagious bacterial venereal disease of horses caused by Taylorella equigenitalis. CEM-PCR is a semi-nested PCR method for detecting this bacterium. Although this technique is regarded as a sensitive diagnostic method for CEM, there are risks of it generating false positive and false negative results. In this study, we constructed a recombinant plasmid (CEM-POS) as reaction control to assure adequate PCR reaction and prevent false positive results caused by contamination of the reaction control in routine CEM-PCR examinations. CEM-POS was constructed by insertion of rpoB fragments from Rhodococcus equi into CEM-1P, which is a recombinant plasmid that includes a T. equigenitalis-specific sequence region. In CEM-PCR, the size of the PCR product from CEM-POS was clearly different from the true positive PCR product. In addition, CEM-POS retained high stability under convenient storage conditions of 4 degrees C. These results suggest CEM-POS to be a useful tool as a reaction control in routine CEM-PCR examinations. 相似文献
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Amin AS 《Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)》2003,166(1):86-92
Two hundred and thirty six semen samples were collected from 120 bulls, 60 buffalo-bulls, and 56 rams located on farms of known history of infection with Chlamydophila species. All semen samples were examined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and cell culture techniques for detection of Chlamydophila species. The primers were selected to allow the amplification of all target species in a single reaction by identifying conserved sequences in the omp2 gene. PCR assay detected more positive samples (36) from the semen samples collected from different animal species than were detected by the culture method (21). The results indicated that all culture-positive semen samples (21) from different species were PCR positive. The detection limit of the PCR assay was determined with DNA extracted from fourfold serial dilution of C. abortus (B577) and C. pecorum (11/88) cultures and found to be 0.25 inclusion-forming units (IFU) per PCR, while the culture method could not detect less than 4 IFU. This is the first report using PCR for the detection of Chlamydophila species in buffalo-bulls' semen and the assay provides a simple, sensitive, rapid, and reliable means for the detection and identification of the organism. 相似文献
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Nabin Rayamajhi Sung Jae Shin Sang Gyun Kang Deog Yong Lee Jeong Min Ahn Han Sang Yoo 《Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation》2005,17(4):359-362
Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae (A. pleuropneumoniae) is the etiological agent of a porcine pleuropneumonia that threatens the global swine industry. The major pathogenic toxins of A. pleuropneumoniae include ApxI, ApxII, ApxIII, and ApxIV, which are serotype or serovar specific. Several techniques have been developed for the identification and typing of A. pleuropneumoniae. Serological assays are used to identify and serotype A. pleuropneumoniae, but factors such as cross-reactivity limit their specificity. Labor, time, and the requirement for specific antibodies are also drawbacks of these assays. Multistep polymerase chain reaction (PCR) techniques based on apx genes have been reported for the identification and typing of A. pleuropneumoniae. This study developed multiplex PCR for the identification and genotyping of A. pleuropneumoniae based on apx genes. This multiplex PCR technique was successful in differentiating 11 of 15 reference serotypes. Five different primer sets were used to amplify the 4 apx genes from each serotype in a single-step reaction. The multiplex PCR reported in this study was further used in genotyping 51 field isolates of A. pleuropneumoniae from different regions of Korea. The concomitant amplification of all 4 apx genes makes multiplex PCR more specific and convenient for the diagnosis and genotyping of A. pleuropneumoniae. 相似文献
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布鲁氏菌内蒙古分离株omp31基因的克隆与序列分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
对三株布鲁氏菌内蒙古分离株的omp31基因进行克隆与序列分析.参照GenBank中布鲁氏菌的omp31基因序列,设计一对特异性引物,用PCR方法扩增布鲁氏菌omp31基因,对PCR产物进行克隆、测序,将测定序列拼接后与GenBank中获得的参考毒株omp31基因序列进行了比较.结果显示,三株布鲁氏菌分离株的omp31基因开放阅读框核苷酸序列同源性均为100.0%;与Brucella ceti B14/94、Brucella neotomae 5K33、Brucella suis 1330三个参考毒株omp31基因核苷酸序列同源性最高,为100.0%;与Brucella canis RM6/66、Brucella melitensis 183、Brucella melitensis 16M三个参考毒株omp31基因核苷酸序列同源性为99.9%;与Brucella melitensis Rev1参考毒株omp31基因核苷酸序列同源性为99.6%;与Brucella ovis ATCC 25840参考毒株omp31基因核苷酸序列同源性最低,为98.8%. 相似文献