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1.
在室内半静水的试验条件下,应用实时荧光定量PCR技术研究了不同质量浓度（0μg·L-1、5μg·L-1、10μg·L-1、50μg·L-1和100μg·L-1）的0。柴油水溶液（WSF）胁迫15d和清洁海水恢复7d中翡翠贻贝（Pernaviridis）外套膜与内脏团组织中CYP4基因的相对表达水平变化。2-△△Ct法分析结果表明,CYPd基因在翡翠贻贝外套膜和内脏团中均有表达,WSF胁迫对其表达水平有明显的诱导作用,且表达水平具有组织差异性;内脏团表达水平明显高于外套膜,两组织CYP4基因相对表达水平随着WSF胁迫时间的延长,整体呈现出先诱导后抑制再诱导的波动变化趋势,其中50μg·L-1浓度组表现最为显著（P〈0．01）。WSF胁迫解除后外套膜与内脏团CYP4基因相对表达水平迅速下降,部分浓度组逐渐恢复到正常水平。  相似文献   

2.
在室内半静水的试验条件下,应用实时荧光定量PCR技术研究了不同质量浓度(0μg·L-1、5μg·L-1、10μg·L-1、50μg·L-1和100μg·L-1)的0#柴油水溶液(WSF)胁迫15 d和清洁海水恢复7 d中翡翠贻贝(Perna viridis)外套膜与内脏团组织中CYP4基因的相对表达水平变化。2-△△Ct法分析结果表明,CYP4基因在翡翠贻贝外套膜和内脏团中均有表达,WSF胁迫对其表达水平有明显的诱导作用,且表达水平具有组织差异性;内脏团表达水平明显高于外套膜,两组织CYP4基因相对表达水平随着WSF胁迫时间的延长,整体呈现出先诱导后抑制再诱导的波动变化趋势,其中50μg·L-1浓度组表现最为显著(P0.01)。WSF胁迫解除后外套膜与内脏团CYP4基因相对表达水平迅速下降,部分浓度组逐渐恢复到正常水平。  相似文献   

3.
笔者初步研究了企鹅珍珠贝（Pteria penguin）组织蛋白酶D（cathepsin D,CTSD）的基因克隆和功能,通过同源克隆方法和cDNA末端快速扩增技术（RACE）获得了企鹅珍珠贝组织蛋白酶D基因（命名为pgCTSD）。该基因cDNA全长1 767 bp,其中5＇UTR为38 bp,3＇UTR为553 bp,ORF为1 176 bp,编码392个氨基酸,包括信号肽（Met1-Ala18）、前体域（Leu19-Lys47）和成熟域（Tyr48-Ser392）三部分,分子量为42.3 kDa,等电点为8.04。pgCTSD氨基酸序列与大珠母贝（Pinctada maxima）pmCTSD的相似性最高（79%）,与其他物种的相似性为59%～75%。荧光定量分析表明,空白对照组中pgCTSD mRNA在闭壳肌、性腺、肝胰脏、外套膜和鳃组织中都有表达,且在闭壳肌中表达量最少,肝胰脏中最高。与试验对照组相比,脂多糖（LPS）刺激6 h后性腺和肝胰脏显著下降,闭壳肌的表达量虽不大但增加显著,外套膜和鳃组织变化不显著;哈维弧菌（Vibrio harveyi）刺激6 h后肝胰腺和外套膜显著下降,闭壳肌和鳃显著上升,性腺无显著变化。肝胰腺中pgCTSD对LPS和弧菌刺激的应答反应表明pgCTSD可能参与了免疫反应。  相似文献   

4.
为了探究葡萄糖转运蛋白 1 (glucose transporter type 1, GLUT1)在罗氏沼虾(Macrobrachium rosenbergii)糖代谢调控中的作用, 本研究采用 cDNA 末端快速扩增技术(rapid amplification of cDNA ends, RACE)克隆获得罗氏沼虾 Mr-GLUT1 基因全长 cDNA 序列, 该基因全长 1929 bp, 开放阅读框(open reading frame, ORF) 1446 bp, 编码 481 个氨基酸, 分子量为 52035.73, 等电点为 6.76。多序列比对及系统进化树分析结果显示, 十足目 GLUT1 基因具有较高同源性, 均存在 12 个跨膜结构域, 罗氏沼虾 GLUT1 与对虾首先聚为一支, 表明亲缘关系最近。实时荧光定量 PCR 结果显示, Mr-GLUT1 在罗氏沼虾各组织均有表达, 肠道表达量最高。葡萄糖注射后, 罗氏沼虾血淋巴葡萄糖水平、肝糖原和肌糖原含量迅速升高, 肠道、肝胰腺和肌肉组织 Mr-GLUT1 基因表达显著上调, 但 Mr-GLUT1 基因表达变化时间延迟于葡萄糖含量的变化。RNA 干扰沉默罗氏沼虾体内 Mr-GLUT1 基因表达后, 血淋巴中葡萄糖和海藻糖含量显著上升。研究表明, Mr-GLUT1 基因可能参与罗氏沼虾血糖稳态调节, 在葡萄糖和海藻糖转运过程中发挥重要作用。  相似文献   

5.
斑节对虾GLUT1基因cDNA的克隆与表达分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
该研究利用RACE技术克隆获得了斑节对虾(Penaeus monodon) GLUT1 (glucose transporter type 1)的cDNA全长序列;采用实时荧光定量的方法研究了PmGLUT1在斑节对虾幼体发育过程中、各个组织中及低盐胁迫下的差异表达情况。该基因cDNA开放阅读框(ORF)全长1 476 bp,可编码491个氨基酸。检测PmGLUT1基因从受精卵至仔虾期发育过程的表达情况,结果显示,PmGLUT1在幼体发育各期的表达量有所波动,但总体呈现上升趋势。组织表达分析发现,PmGLUT1在鳃组织中的表达量最高,肝胰腺次之,在卵巢中的表达量最低。急性低盐胁迫后,PmGLUT1在肝胰腺中的表达水平显著高于对照组(P<0.05),但在鳃中的表达水平显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。研究结果表明,Pm GLUT1可能在斑节对虾幼体发育及机体应对低盐胁迫过程中具有重要作用,这为进一步研究葡萄糖转运蛋白基因在斑节对虾幼体发育调控和耐低盐胁迫应答中的分子机制提供了理论依据。  相似文献   

6.
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7.
研究了淡水珍珠贝——三角帆蚌(Hyriopsis cumingii)在不同蚌龄下外套膜组织的细胞增殖及生物矿化相关因子活性。选择5组不同蚌龄三角帆蚌(0.5龄、1龄、2龄、3龄、4龄),通过流式细胞技术分析了外套膜细胞的增殖指数(proliferation index,PrI)和胞内Ca~(2+)浓度,并应用实时荧光定量PCR检测了与生物矿化相关的碳酸酐酶(carbonic anhydrase, CA)、碱性磷酸酶(alkaline phosphatase, ALP)基因的表达并测定其酶活性。结果表明, 2龄蚌的外套膜细胞PrI及胞内Ca~(2+)浓度显著高于其他蚌龄(P0.05);生物矿化相关基因在不同蚌龄的外套膜组织中表达量不同, 1龄三角帆蚌CA基因表达量和CA酶活性最高(P0.05), ALP基因表达量和ALP酶活在0.5龄三角帆蚌中显著高于其他蚌龄(P0.05)。本研究旨为深入探讨三角帆蚌外套膜细胞增殖能力及人工育珠过程中供体蚌的选择奠定基础。  相似文献   

8.
作为重要的转运载体,SGLTs(钠依赖性葡萄糖协同转运蛋白,sodium-glucose cotransporters)在物质的吸收过程中发挥着关键的作用。SGLT1和SGLT2作为SGLTs家族的重要成员,参与调节体内的葡萄糖吸收,从而维持血糖的稳态。为研究SGLT1和SGLT2在草鱼葡萄糖吸收过程中的作用,本实验利用RT-PCR技术从草鱼前肠和肾脏中分别克隆了基因sglt1和sglt2,对其进行生物信息学分析,并利用荧光定量PCR技术检测其mRNA的表达。结果显示,草鱼sglt1和sglt2的开放阅读框(open reading frame,ORF)分别为1 977和1 989 bp,并分别编码658和662个氨基酸。经过预测,草鱼SGLT1和SGLT2蛋白均为14次跨膜结构。氨基酸序列比对及系统进化树分析结果显示,草鱼sglt1和sglt2与金鱼、金线鲃中sglt1和sglt2的亲缘关系最近。荧光定量PCR结果显示,sglt1在草鱼肠道和肾脏组织中表达量较高,在其他组织中表达量较低;sglt2在草鱼肾脏组织中表达量最高,在其他组织中表达量较低。葡萄糖灌喂实验结果显示,草鱼前肠中sglt1和肾脏中sglt2的表达量在灌喂1 h后显著增加。在离体实验中,葡萄糖处理CIK细胞能够显著增加sglt1和sglt2的表达量。本研究为完善SGLTs在调控鱼类血糖稳态方面具有的功能提供了理论依据。  相似文献   

9.
清道夫受体(SR)是一类对化学修饰的脂蛋白具有很强结合活性的糖蛋白家族。本研究通过RACE方法克隆得到三角帆蚌hcSRCR1基因cDNA序列,该序列全长1 000 bp,其中开放阅读框819 bp,编码272个氨基酸,预测分子量为28.16 ku,理论等电点为5.55;预测含有2个SRCR结构域和6个保守的半胱氨酸残基。qRT-PCR和Western blot结果显示,hcSRCR1 mRNA和蛋白表达模式基本相同,均在三角帆蚌外套膜中表达量最高,在其他组织中的表达量普遍较低,且在紫色选育系外套膜组织中的表达量显著高于白色选育系。外套膜原位杂交结果显示,hcSRCR1基因主要在外套膜外褶的内、外上皮细胞层以及腹膜处的上皮细胞层中表达。研究表明,三角帆蚌hcSRCR1基因与贝壳珍珠质颜色形成具有一定相关性,可为进一步研究该基因在珍珠颜色形成过程中的调控机理提供基础资料。  相似文献   

10.
为探讨育珠对壳基质蛋白基因表达的影响,开展了合浦珠母贝（Pinctada fucata）N19和Prismalin-14基因在育珠贝和非育珠贝中的荧光定量表达研究。结果显示,N19和Prismalin-14在育珠贝与非育珠贝的闭壳肌、肝胰脏、性腺、肠、鳃等组织中均无表达,在外套膜均有表达;N19在珍珠囊表达,而Prismalin-14则不表达。N19勺Prismalin．14在育珠贝外套膜的表达量均大于非育珠贝,表明育珠可能对某些壳基质蛋白的表达具有一定的促进作用。其中Prismalin-14在育珠贝外套膜的表达量最高（P〈0．01）,是非育珠贝外套膜Prismalin-14的1．23倍,是育珠贝外套膜N19的25．04倍,是非育珠贝外套膜N19的41．04倍,推测在珍珠贝生长过程中,对Prismalil7-14的需求量可能比N19大。N19在育珠贝珍珠囊中表达量最高（P〈0．01）,是育珠贝N19外套膜的11．58倍,是非育珠贝外套膜的18．97倍,推测在珍珠形成的过程中,对N19的需求量可能比贝壳自身生长对N19的需求量大。  相似文献   

11.
The environmental processes associated with variability in the catch rates of bigeye tuna in the Atlantic Ocean are largely unexplored. This study used generalized additive models (GAMs) fitted to Taiwanese longline fishery data from 1990 to 2009 and investigated the association between environmental variables and catch rates to identify the processes influencing bigeye tuna distribution in the Atlantic Ocean. The present findings reveal that the year (temporal factor), latitude and longitude (spatial factors), and major regular longline target species of albacore catches are significant for the standardization of bigeye tuna catch rates in the Atlantic Ocean. The standardized catch rates and distribution of bigeye tuna were found to be related to environmental and climatic variation. The model selection processes showed that the selected GAMs explained 70% of the cumulative deviance in the entire Atlantic Ocean. Regarding environmental factors, the depth of the 20 degree isotherm (D20) substantially contributed to the explained deviance; other important factors were sea surface temperature (SST) and sea surface height deviation (SSHD). The potential fishing grounds were observed with SSTs of 22–28°C, a D20 shallower than 150 m and negative SSHDs in the Atlantic Ocean. The higher predicted catch rates were increased in the positive northern tropical Atlantic and negative North Atlantic Oscillation events with a higher SST and shallow D20, suggesting that climatic oscillations affect the population abundance and distribution of bigeye tuna.  相似文献   

12.
Previously, we reported 10 PEGE types of 85 tilapia Streptococcus agalactiae(GBS), which shifted from Streptococcus iniae in China, by using PEGE method. Presently, larger and more representative tilapia GBS were isolated, for the ?rst time in China, to characterize their serotypes and genetic diversities more precisely than had done before. 168 GBS strains were distributed in ?ve provinces of China, in which Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan were the major ones, holding36.9%(62/168), 37.5%(63/168) and 19.6%(33/168), respectively. Serotypes, Ia, Ib and III, were observed in these strains and the most predominant one was Ia(95.2%), which mainly distributed in Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan. Ia initially occurred in 2009, it shoot up to 32.1% in 2010,but decreased to 16.1% in 2011 before went up to 45.2% in 2012. Ib sporadically occurred during2007–2011, III onlyoccurred in 2012. 14 different PFGE types, including 4 new types(N, O,P and Q), were observed, in which B, D, F and G were the predominant types, holding 83.9%(141/168) of the total GBS strains. Ia corresponded to 11 PFGE types(A–H, N–P), in which type D predominated(51%). Ib represented 3 genotypes(I, J and Q) and III harbored only 2genotypes(N and F). Type N and Fsynchronously presented in Ia and III. In summary, the genetic diversity of tilapia GBS varied by serotypes and changed with geographical locations and years.Although Iastillpredominated, new rareserotypeIII alreadyoccurred in China.  相似文献   

13.
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14.
In this experiment, a feeding trial was performed to determine the effects of fructooligosaccharide (FOS) on growth performance, digestive enzyme activity and immune response of Japanese sea bass, Lateolabrax japonicus juveniles (initial weight 38.3 ± 0.5 g), and the fish were examined following feeding with six levels of FOS (0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4 and 6 g/kg) for 28 days. Significant enhancement of weight gain (WG) and specific growth rate (SGR) was found in fish fed 1 g/kg FOS incorporated diets (p < .05), while the feed conversion ratio (FCR) in the 1, 2 g/kg FOS groups reduced significantly compared with the control (p < .05). Besides, the crude lipid in the 4, 6 g/kg FOS groups increased significantly compared with the control (p < .05). On the other hand, the erepsin and lipase activities significantly elevated in intestine of fish fed 2 g/kg FOS (p < .05) and the lysozyme activity in serum of fish fed 2 g/kg FOS were significantly higher than that in the control (p < .05). Moreover, the alkaline phosphatase activities in serum of fish fed 0.5, 1, 2 g/kg FOS were significantly higher than in control (p < .05). Regression analysis showed that the relationships between dietary FOS levels and either SGR, FCR, erepsin or lysozyme activities were best expressed by regression equations, and the optimal inclusion levels are 1.37, 1.80, 3.06, 3.11, 1.93 and 1.80 g/kg for SGR, FCR, erepsin, lipase, lysozyme and total superoxide dismutase activities, respectively. Overall, this study revealed that FOS incorporated diets could beneficial for L. japonicus culture in terms of increasing the growth, digestion and immune activities. Under the present experimental condition, the optimal supplementary level of FOS in the diet of L. japonicus is 1–3 g/kg.  相似文献   

15.
Growth hormone (GH) and reproduction: a review   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  
Interaction between growth and reproduction occurs in many vertebrates and is particularly obvious at certain stages of the life cycle in fish. Endocrine interactions between the gonadotropic axis and the somatotropic axis are described, the potential role of GH being emphasised. A comparative analysis of these phenomena in mammals, amphibians and fish, suggests a specific role of GH in the physiology of puberty, gametogenesis and fertility. It also shows the original contribution made by studies on the fish model in this field of investigations.  相似文献   

16.
Two gonadotropins (GtH; Qa and Qb) were purified by gel filtration and ion exchange chromatography from the pituitaries of Indian walking catfish (Clarias batrachus). The presence of GtH during purification was assessed by in vitro oocyte maturation and in vivo steroidogenic activity, and their identities were determined by elution profiles, molecular weight, biological activities and yield. The molecular weights of Qa and Qb were 37 and 42 kDa, respectively, and composed of distinct subunits (Qa: 20 and 14 kDa and Qb: 26 and 18 kDa). Polyclonal antibodies raised against Qa immunostained Qa, Qb and pituitary GtH cells. A competitive Qa‐ELISA was developed whose sensitivity was 6.25 ng mL?1 (1.25 ng well?1) with intra‐ (3.5%) and inter‐ (12.4%) assay coefficients of variation. Displacement curves parallel to the standard were obtained with plasma and pituitary extracts of catfish, Qb and carp GtHII. The assay was validated by measuring the plasma Qa levels after LHRH treatment and in relation to ovarian growth in the female catfish during different reproductive phases. Based on the results, Qa and Qb corresponded to fish LH and FSH respectively. The findings will increase the knowledge of the mechanisms controlling fish reproduction and identification of sensitive phases in fish in captivity for hormonal manipulation.  相似文献   

17.
Tetrahymena is a protozoan parasite, which infects guppy, Poecilia reticulata Peters, and causes substantial economical losses in commercial farms worldwide. Studies of guppy infected by Tetrahymena require standardized infection protocols. The LD50 for Tetrahymena infection of guppies by intraperitoneal (IP) injection was calibrated, and the level obtained was 946 parasites per fish. Guppy infection with Tetrahymena by immersion, imitating the natural route of infection via the integument, was studied under normal or stress conditions. Exposure to cold and netting (CNI) and to cold only (CI) followed by immersion exposure to 10 000 Tetrahymena per mL resulted in 22.5% and 19.2% mortality, respectively, as compared to 14.2% and 10% in groups that were netted only (NI) or non‐stressed (I). Histopathology revealed that immersion infection resulted in a systemic infection. Lysozyme levels, measured 3 weeks after infection, were significantly higher in the CNI group (288 μg per mg protein) compared with CI‐, NI‐ and I‐treated groups (94.5, 64 and 62.3 μg mg?1, respectively). There was no evident parasite immobilization activity in body homogenates, suggesting no development of acquired immunity. Re‐infection by IP injection revealed no increase in protection in any of the treatment groups, mortality range of 56.3–75%, higher than in the non‐exposed control (40.6% mortality).  相似文献   

18.
Protein and amino acid composition of the mantle of juvenile O ctopus vulgaris (Cuvier, 1797) during fasting for 27 days were determined. Average protein content of octopus mantle was of 711.19 ± 46.80 g kg?1 DW, and it decreased with increasing fasting days. The non‐essential amino acids content was higher (486.18 ± 11.08 g kg?1 protein) than essential amino acids (425.82 ± 9.15 g kg?1 protein) at the start of the experiment (unstarved animals). The results suggest that the amino acid profile of the mantle where the most abundant amino acids are Arg, His, Lys, Gly, Leu and Pro could indicate a prolonged fasting condition (>20 days) or poor nutrition of O . vulgaris. This study supports the idea of using mantle for metabolic needs of starved O . vulgaris suggesting that the degradation pathway of amino acids to pyruvate and tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates was favoured contrary to the degradation pathway of ketogenic amino acids. Special considerations should be taken concerning Thr, Ile, Ser, Ala, Asx (Asp, Asn), Glx (Glu, Gln) (because of their fast intake) and Lys and His (due to their stable contents) during a prolonged period of fasting.  相似文献   

19.
The endemic, anadromous cyprinidChalcalburnus tarichi is the only fish species known to occur in alkaline Lake Van (Eastern Anatolia, Turkey). EightC. tarichi were maintained individually in Lake Van water (17 – 19°C; pH 9.8; 153 mEq·I–1 total alkalinity; 22 total salinity) and tank water samples analyzed for 24 h in 2 to 4 h intervals. At zero time, < 1µM ammonia was present and urea was undetectable in the tank water; at 24 h, total ammonia and urea made up 114±32 and 35±25µM, respectively. Over the experimental period, ammonia-N and urea-N excretion averaged 1041±494 and 607±169moles·kg–1 fish·h–1, respectively. The extent of urea excretion was highly variable between specimens. Uric acid excretion was not detectable.Urea was present at high concentrations in all tissues and plasma (25 – 35moles·g–1·ml–1) of freshly caughtC. tarichi; total ammonia content of the tissues was by a factor of 1.9 (liver) to 3.0 (brain) lower. High arginase activity (2.4±0.2 U·min–1·g–1) was detected in the liver ofC. tarichi but ornithine carbamoylphosphate transferase, a key enzyme of the ornithine-urea-cycle, was absent. Ureagenesis is likely through degradation of arginine and/or uricolysis. High glutamine synthetase activity (11±0.6 U·min–1·g–1) and low ammonia content in brain suggest that, like other teleosts,C. tarichi has an efficient ammonia detoxification in the brain, but in no other tissue.Nitrogenous waste excretion at alkaline pH is discussed. The ability ofC. tarichi to excrete high levels of ammonia at extremely alkaline pH is unique among teleosts studied so far. The mechanism of ammonia excretion under Lake Van conditions remains to be elucidated.  相似文献   

20.
There has been growing concern about the overuse of antibiotics in the ornamental fish industry and its possible effect on the increasing drug resistance in both commensal and pathogenic organisms in these fish. The aim of this study was to carry out an assessment of the diversity of bacteria, including pathogens, in ornamental fish species imported into North America and to assess their antibiotic resistance. Kidney samples were collected from 32 freshwater ornamental fish of various species, which arrived to an importing facility in Portland, Oregon from Colombia, Singapore and Florida. Sixty‐four unique bacterial colonies were isolated and identified by PCR using bacterial 16S primers and DNA sequencing. Multiple isolates were identified as bacteria with potential to cause disease in both fish and humans. The antibiotic resistance profile of each isolate was performed for nine different antibiotics. Among them, cefotaxime (16% resistance among isolates) was the antibiotic associated with more activity, while the least active was tetracycline (77% resistant). Knowing information about the diversity of bacteria in imported ornamental fish, as well as the resistance profiles for the bacteria will be useful in more effectively treating clinical infected fish, and also potential zoonoses in the future.  相似文献   

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