共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 62 毫秒
1.
5种杂交F1罗非鱼生长性能比较研究 总被引：14，自引：0，他引：14
对4种杂交F1尼奥罗非鱼(不同尼罗罗非鱼品系♀×奥利亚罗非鱼♂)尼奥Ⅰ、尼奥Ⅱ、尼奥Ⅲ、尼奥Ⅳ与莫荷鱼(莫桑比克罗非鱼♀×荷那龙罗非鱼♂)进行了生长对比试验。试验结果表明:①绝对增重率(g/d)为莫荷鱼>尼奥Ⅱ>尼奥Ⅲ>尼奥Ⅰ>尼奥Ⅳ(P<0.01);②五种杂交F1罗非鱼雄性率为莫荷鱼>尼奥Ⅲ>尼奥Ⅰ>尼奥Ⅱ>尼奥Ⅳ(P<0.05),成活率彼此间无差异(P>0.05);③肥满度(K)为莫荷鱼>尼奥Ⅰ>尼奥Ⅲ>尼奥Ⅱ>尼奥Ⅳ(P<0.01)。以上结果表明,莫荷鱼生长性能较好,具有推广的价值。 相似文献
2.
用呼吸室法对荷那龙罗非鱼、橙色莫桑比克罗非鱼及其杂交F1的呼吸耗氧率、窒息点进行了试验。试验结果表明:①水温为16~32℃时,平均体重为10.40~116.28 g的荷那龙罗非鱼的耗氧率在0.07~0.61 mg/g.h,平均体重为18.98~102.53 g的橙色莫桑比克罗非鱼的耗氧率范围是0.06~0.43 mg/g.h,平均体重2.24~133.82 g的杂交F1莫荷鱼的耗氧率范围是0.06~0.65 mg/g.h;3种试验鱼的耗氧率随着温度的升高而增加;耗氧率与鱼体规格呈负相关。②3种实验鱼的耗氧率均为白天高于夜间。③水温24℃时,3种试验鱼的溶氧临界窒息点分别是:荷那龙罗非鱼0.33~0.55 mg/L,橙色莫桑比克罗非鱼0.24~0.31mg/L,莫荷鱼为0.38~0.43 mg/L。 相似文献
3.
4.
在室内自然降温条件下,研究了马来西亚红罗非鱼（Oreochromis mossambicus×0．niloticus）致死低温,检测了在温室越冬温度（17．8℃）和低温胁迫下开始死亡时红罗非鱼血清的生化指标。结果表明,当水温降到8．6℃时,马来西亚红罗非鱼开始死亡,死亡低温范围为8．6—6．4℃,半致死低温为7．6℃;8．6℃时,红罗非鱼血清中谷丙转氨酶（ALT）、谷草转氨酶（AST）、乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）、碱性磷酸酶（ALP）FAJ）]~L酸激酶同工酶（CK—MB）5种酶的活性显著高于17．8℃时Op〈0．05）,肌酐（CREA）含量、I（＋浓度显著上升Ok0．05）,总蛋白（TP）、白蛋白（ALB）、球蛋白（GLO）,及Ca2‘含量小幅增加,而Na＋和cr含量均显著下降（P〈0．05）,胆固醇（CHOL）和甘油211（TG）含量略有降低。 相似文献
5.
罗非鱼温和气单胞菌病的病原研究和药敏试验 总被引：29，自引：0，他引：29
从患病濒死尼罗罗非鱼肝脏分离到99-5-A和99-7-28菌株.经细菌学鉴定均为温和气单胞菌(Aeromonas sobria).用这2菌株对尼罗罗非鱼、 奥利亚罗非鱼及尼奥罗非鱼(尼罗罗非鱼♀×奥利亚罗非鱼♂)进行人工感染,均可使其致病.发病鱼症状与自然病鱼症状一致,呈出血性败血症.再分离菌株的各种特性与原分离菌株相同,确认这2菌株皆为温和气单胞菌.采用纸片扩散法,用35 种药物对上述2菌株进行药物抑菌试验,其中,丁胺卡那霉素、庆大霉素、多粘菌素、 妥布霉素、氟哌酸、氯霉素、氨曲南抑菌效果最佳;99-5-A菌株对呋喃妥因敏感,但 99-7-28菌株对其耐药;99-7-28对复方新诺明敏感,而99-5-A菌株对其则无反应. 相似文献
6.
4种遗传型罗非鱼的耐盐慢性驯化表现 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1
在实验室小水体中,对尼罗罗非鱼(Oreochromis niloticus,新吉富)、萨罗罗非鱼(Sarothrodon melanotheron)以及它们的杂交F1和F2("吉丽"罗非鱼)进行盐度梯度实验,观察其耐盐能力。采用4(遗传型)×4(水平或重复)随机区组设计。对照组全程维持淡水养殖;实验组起始盐度为0,盐度每天提高8直至实验鱼100%死亡。在水温保持(27.2±1.3)℃、正常投饵情况下,萨罗罗非鱼、尼罗罗非鱼、杂交F1及F2的50%死亡盐度平均值(MLS)分别为125.78±1.66、54.22±2.51、77.33±1.89和73.73±1.32;萨罗罗非鱼的累计存活率(CS)和MLS值均显著高于尼罗罗非鱼、杂交F1和F2(P<0.05);杂交F1和F2的CS值及MLS值均显著高于尼罗(P<0.05);F2和F1之间CS值和MLS值差异不显著(P>0.05)。 相似文献
7.
不同品系尼罗罗非鱼致死低温的研究 总被引：25，自引：1，他引：25
在室内自然降温条件下，研究了三个品系尼罗罗非鱼（吉富品系，“７８”品系，“８８”品系）对低温的耐受力，计算得出每个品系的半致死低温，并对降温过程中尼罗罗非鱼行为活动的变化进行了观察。试验结果表明，在上海地区，当温度降低到１１℃时，罗非鱼开始死亡，到７．４℃时，全部死亡。吉富罗非鱼死亡温度范围是１１℃￣８．４℃，“７８”品系是９．８￣７．４℃，“８８”品系是１１℃￣７．４℃。对三个品系半致死低温的研 相似文献
8.
罗非鱼种间,尤其是尼罗罗非鱼与杂种尼奥罗非鱼之间,很难区分。本文对尼罗罗非鱼、奥利亚罗非鱼、莫桑比克罗非鱼和杂交种尼奥罗非鱼（尼罗罗非鱼♀×奥利亚罗非鱼♂）和红罗非鱼的核糖体DNA内部转录间隔子1（ITS1）序列及其两侧的18S和5．8s部分序列特征进行分析,以筛选种间鉴别标记。PCR扩增产物大小约700bp,测序结果表明,（去除引物后）18S长146bp,5．8S长66bp,不同种类之间无差异;ITS1长383-483bp,因种类不同而异,其GC含量大于AT含量,达到67．1％。序列比对分析结果表明,18S和5．8s片段高度保守,但各有3个变异位点可以把上述几个种和杂种相互区分开;18S序列上有一个UnbI限制性酶切位点,可作为尼罗和尼奥罗非鱼的鉴别标记。ITS1序列种间变异大,系统发育分析表明,所研究的5个种聚成2个类群,尼罗与尼奥罗非鱼为一组,莫桑比克-红罗非鱼-奥利亚罗非鱼为另一组。组内种间遗传距离较小,尼罗和尼奥罗非鱼的种间遗传距离为0．006;莫桑比克、奥利亚和红罗非鱼的种间遗传距离在0．007-0．009之间;两组罗非鱼之间的遗传距离较大,在0．030-0．035之间,表明罗非鱼ITS1序列多态性较高,适合于种类区分。结合部分18S和5．8S序列,细胞核rDNA具有鉴别罗非鱼及其杂种的潜力。 相似文献
9.
《水产科学》2017,(4)
通过组织学方法,研究了0.5~4.5月龄尼奥罗非鱼杂种(尼罗罗非鱼♀×奥利亚罗非鱼♂)的性腺发育特征与性别类型。结果表明,0.5月龄尼奥罗非鱼原始性腺尚未分化;1月龄,精巢中原始生殖细胞开始分化成精原细胞;2.5月龄出现初级精母细胞;3月龄出现次级精母细胞;3.5~4月龄精巢中存在不同发育阶段的生殖细胞,壶腹空腔中分散着稀疏的精子;4.5月龄精巢壶腹腔内密集大量精子。在2.5、3.5、4、4.5月龄抽样中,均检测到雌鱼,2.5~3.5月龄卵巢以第Ⅱ时相卵母细胞为主;4~4.5月龄卵巢以第Ⅲ时相卵母细胞为主。研究结果初步表明,尼奥罗非鱼杂种中观察到雄性、雌性两种性别类型,以雄性性别为主;杂种雌、雄鱼的性腺均能正常发育。 相似文献
10.
采用ISSR分子标记技术,对吉富尼罗罗非鱼群体(GF)、尼罗罗非鱼群体Ⅰ(NLⅠ)、尼罗罗非鱼群体Ⅱ(NLⅡ)、尼罗罗非鱼群体Ⅲ(NLⅢ)和尼罗罗非鱼群体Ⅳ(NLⅣ)的遗传多样性进行分析。用81个ISSR引物对5个尼罗罗非鱼群体进行扩增,15个ISSR引物获得多态片段。根据Nei’s遗传距离矩阵构建了5个尼罗罗非鱼群体的遗传关系树状图。UPGMA聚类图表明:NLⅢ群体和NLⅣ群体最先聚在一起;其次二者再与GF群体聚在一起;NLⅠ群体与NLⅡ群体聚在一起。分析结果显示:GF群体与其它4个罗非鱼群体区分较明显;用UBC835扩增的500 bp片段为GF所特有,可作为区别GF和其它尼罗罗非鱼的分子标记。 相似文献
11.
12.
Association between the interannual variation in the oceanic environment and catch rates of bigeye tuna (Thunnus obesus) in the Atlantic Ocean 
下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 The environmental processes associated with variability in the catch rates of bigeye tuna in the Atlantic Ocean are largely unexplored. This study used generalized additive models (GAMs) fitted to Taiwanese longline fishery data from 1990 to 2009 and investigated the association between environmental variables and catch rates to identify the processes influencing bigeye tuna distribution in the Atlantic Ocean. The present findings reveal that the year (temporal factor), latitude and longitude (spatial factors), and major regular longline target species of albacore catches are significant for the standardization of bigeye tuna catch rates in the Atlantic Ocean. The standardized catch rates and distribution of bigeye tuna were found to be related to environmental and climatic variation. The model selection processes showed that the selected GAMs explained 70% of the cumulative deviance in the entire Atlantic Ocean. Regarding environmental factors, the depth of the 20 degree isotherm (D20) substantially contributed to the explained deviance; other important factors were sea surface temperature (SST) and sea surface height deviation (SSHD). The potential fishing grounds were observed with SSTs of 22–28°C, a D20 shallower than 150 m and negative SSHDs in the Atlantic Ocean. The higher predicted catch rates were increased in the positive northern tropical Atlantic and negative North Atlantic Oscillation events with a higher SST and shallow D20, suggesting that climatic oscillations affect the population abundance and distribution of bigeye tuna. 相似文献
13.
Liping Li Rui Wang Wanwen Liang Xi Gan Ting Huang Yan Huang Jian Li Yunliang Shi Honglin Luo Ming Chen 《广西水产科技》2014,(1)
Previously, we reported 10 PEGE types of 85 tilapia Streptococcus agalactiae(GBS), which shifted from Streptococcus iniae in China, by using PEGE method. Presently, larger and more representative tilapia GBS were isolated, for the ?rst time in China, to characterize their serotypes and genetic diversities more precisely than had done before. 168 GBS strains were distributed in ?ve provinces of China, in which Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan were the major ones, holding36.9%(62/168), 37.5%(63/168) and 19.6%(33/168), respectively. Serotypes, Ia, Ib and III, were observed in these strains and the most predominant one was Ia(95.2%), which mainly distributed in Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan. Ia initially occurred in 2009, it shoot up to 32.1% in 2010,but decreased to 16.1% in 2011 before went up to 45.2% in 2012. Ib sporadically occurred during2007–2011, III onlyoccurred in 2012. 14 different PFGE types, including 4 new types(N, O,P and Q), were observed, in which B, D, F and G were the predominant types, holding 83.9%(141/168) of the total GBS strains. Ia corresponded to 11 PFGE types(A–H, N–P), in which type D predominated(51%). Ib represented 3 genotypes(I, J and Q) and III harbored only 2genotypes(N and F). Type N and Fsynchronously presented in Ia and III. In summary, the genetic diversity of tilapia GBS varied by serotypes and changed with geographical locations and years.Although Iastillpredominated, new rareserotypeIII alreadyoccurred in China. 相似文献
14.
15.
Iciar Martinez Amaya Velasco Ricardo Pérez-Martín Eskil Forås Michiaki Yamashita Carmen G. Sotelo 《Journal Of Aquatic Food Product Technology》2013,22(4):289-297
The purpose of this work was to evaluate the suitability of a method based on the presence of two restriction sites (for Hae III and Hindf I) in the mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase subunit 5 (mt ND5) gene to identify Scomber species. The evaluation was performed on 144 reference and market samples by sequencing of the entire 505-bp fragment of the mt ND5 gene and of a 464-bp fragment of the Kocher fragment of the cytochrome b gene (mt Cytb). Sequence analysis of any of the two fragments allows the identification of each of the four Scomber species, but S. japonicus and S. colias had the same restriction sites at the ND5 amplicon and would not have been differentiated by this analysis. Similarly, loss of the Hae III site in some S. scombrus individuals would have misidentified them as not being Scomber. All the market products were correctly labeled except one acquired in Spain labeled as originating in the Atlantic and containing S. japonicus. 相似文献
16.
In this experiment, a feeding trial was performed to determine the effects of fructooligosaccharide (FOS) on growth performance, digestive enzyme activity and immune response of Japanese sea bass, Lateolabrax japonicus juveniles (initial weight 38.3 ± 0.5 g), and the fish were examined following feeding with six levels of FOS (0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4 and 6 g/kg) for 28 days. Significant enhancement of weight gain (WG) and specific growth rate (SGR) was found in fish fed 1 g/kg FOS incorporated diets (p < .05), while the feed conversion ratio (FCR) in the 1, 2 g/kg FOS groups reduced significantly compared with the control (p < .05). Besides, the crude lipid in the 4, 6 g/kg FOS groups increased significantly compared with the control (p < .05). On the other hand, the erepsin and lipase activities significantly elevated in intestine of fish fed 2 g/kg FOS (p < .05) and the lysozyme activity in serum of fish fed 2 g/kg FOS were significantly higher than that in the control (p < .05). Moreover, the alkaline phosphatase activities in serum of fish fed 0.5, 1, 2 g/kg FOS were significantly higher than in control (p < .05). Regression analysis showed that the relationships between dietary FOS levels and either SGR, FCR, erepsin or lysozyme activities were best expressed by regression equations, and the optimal inclusion levels are 1.37, 1.80, 3.06, 3.11, 1.93 and 1.80 g/kg for SGR, FCR, erepsin, lipase, lysozyme and total superoxide dismutase activities, respectively. Overall, this study revealed that FOS incorporated diets could beneficial for L. japonicus culture in terms of increasing the growth, digestion and immune activities. Under the present experimental condition, the optimal supplementary level of FOS in the diet of L. japonicus is 1–3 g/kg. 相似文献
17.
Growth hormone (GH) and reproduction: a review 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
Florence Le Gac Odile Blaise Alex Fostier Pierre-Yves Le Bail Maurice Loir Brigitte Mourot Claudine Weil 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》1993,11(1-6):219-232
Interaction between growth and reproduction occurs in many vertebrates and is particularly obvious at certain stages of the life cycle in fish. Endocrine interactions between the gonadotropic axis and the somatotropic axis are described, the potential role of GH being emphasised. A comparative analysis of these phenomena in mammals, amphibians and fish, suggests a specific role of GH in the physiology of puberty, gametogenesis and fertility. It also shows the original contribution made by studies on the fish model in this field of investigations. 相似文献
18.
Two gonadotropins (GtH; Qa and Qb) were purified by gel filtration and ion exchange chromatography from the pituitaries of Indian walking catfish (Clarias batrachus). The presence of GtH during purification was assessed by in vitro oocyte maturation and in vivo steroidogenic activity, and their identities were determined by elution profiles, molecular weight, biological activities and yield. The molecular weights of Qa and Qb were 37 and 42 kDa, respectively, and composed of distinct subunits (Qa: 20 and 14 kDa and Qb: 26 and 18 kDa). Polyclonal antibodies raised against Qa immunostained Qa, Qb and pituitary GtH cells. A competitive Qa‐ELISA was developed whose sensitivity was 6.25 ng mL?1 (1.25 ng well?1) with intra‐ (3.5%) and inter‐ (12.4%) assay coefficients of variation. Displacement curves parallel to the standard were obtained with plasma and pituitary extracts of catfish, Qb and carp GtHII. The assay was validated by measuring the plasma Qa levels after LHRH treatment and in relation to ovarian growth in the female catfish during different reproductive phases. Based on the results, Qa and Qb corresponded to fish LH and FSH respectively. The findings will increase the knowledge of the mechanisms controlling fish reproduction and identification of sensitive phases in fish in captivity for hormonal manipulation. 相似文献
19.
Controlled infection of Poecilia reticulata Peters (guppy) with Tetrahymena by immersion and intraperitoneal injection 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 G Sharon M Pimenta‐Leibowitz M C L Vilchis N Isakov D Zilberg 《Journal of fish diseases》2015,38(1):67-74
Tetrahymena is a protozoan parasite, which infects guppy, Poecilia reticulata Peters, and causes substantial economical losses in commercial farms worldwide. Studies of guppy infected by Tetrahymena require standardized infection protocols. The LD50 for Tetrahymena infection of guppies by intraperitoneal (IP) injection was calibrated, and the level obtained was 946 parasites per fish. Guppy infection with Tetrahymena by immersion, imitating the natural route of infection via the integument, was studied under normal or stress conditions. Exposure to cold and netting (CNI) and to cold only (CI) followed by immersion exposure to 10 000 Tetrahymena per mL resulted in 22.5% and 19.2% mortality, respectively, as compared to 14.2% and 10% in groups that were netted only (NI) or non‐stressed (I). Histopathology revealed that immersion infection resulted in a systemic infection. Lysozyme levels, measured 3 weeks after infection, were significantly higher in the CNI group (288 μg per mg protein) compared with CI‐, NI‐ and I‐treated groups (94.5, 64 and 62.3 μg mg?1, respectively). There was no evident parasite immobilization activity in body homogenates, suggesting no development of acquired immunity. Re‐infection by IP injection revealed no increase in protection in any of the treatment groups, mortality range of 56.3–75%, higher than in the non‐exposed control (40.6% mortality). 相似文献
20.