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免疫调节剂是用于调节和控制免疫功能的药物,包括免疫抑制剂和免疫增强剂.免疫增强剂是一类单独使用或与抗原同时使用、通过非特异性途径增强机体免疫应答的物质,可增强机体的免疫功能,缓解由环境造成的免疫功能紊乱,有利于预防和治疗传染性和条件性疾病[1].目前在临床上常用的免疫增强剂有黄芪多糖、卡介苗、盐酸左旋咪唑、香菇多糖、VC、VE、硒、白细胞介素-2(白介素-2)等.本试验选用黄芪多糖粉剂、盐酸左旋咪唑、VE、VC作为免疫增强剂,以探明不同免疫增强剂对蛋鸡新城疫免疫效果的影响. 相似文献
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本试验对鸡疱疹病毒苗(HVT)免疫的1日龄雏鸡和1日龄HVT+马立克氏病(MD)疫苗免疫增强剂免疫雏鸡分别在5日龄和10日龄攻击MD强毒后的免疫保护情况进行了对比观察,结果表明,MD疫苗免疫增强剂可明显提高HVT的免疫效果,使雏鸡提前获得免疫保护,从而降低MD的死亡率和病变阳性率。 相似文献
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为探讨鸡枞菌多糖(TAP)对鸡新城疫(ND)疫苗免疫效果的影响,试验以黄芪多糖(APS)为阳性对照,通过血凝抑制试验检测雏鸡的新城疫抗体水平及免疫器官指数。结果表明:在首免后35 d内,中剂量TAP可极显著提高雏鸡新城疫抗体水平和脾脏及法氏囊指数(P<0.01);中、高剂量TAP的免疫增强效果均优于相同剂量的黄芪多糖(APS)。说明TAP有望成为一种新的免疫增强剂。 相似文献
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选择14日龄雏鸡110只,随机均分为11组,Ⅰ组为对照组,Ⅱ～Ⅺ为试验组,各组雏鸡在14日龄时均颈部皮下注射鸡ND—La Sota疫苗0．2ml／只．试验组雏鸡同时经口投服由不同配方和比例黄芪多糖、淫羊藿多糖、左旋咪唑、维生素E和亚硒酸钠制备的10种缓释复方免疫增强剂1粒,对照组雏鸡不投服。在免疫前后不同时间采血测定各组雏鸡ND—HI抗体效价和T淋巴细胞ANAE阳性率．结果表明制备的10种缓释复方免疫增强剂均不同程度地提高了雏鸡ND—HI抗体效价和T淋巴细胞ANAE阳性率．其中以X组和Ⅺ组配方效果最好,为今后研制缓释复方免疫增强剂奠定了基础。 相似文献
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不同免疫增强剂影响肉鸡禽流感免疫效果及生长的试验 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
免疫调节剂是用于调节和控制免疫功能的药物,包括免疫抑制剂和免疫增强剂。免疫增强剂是一类单独使用或抗原同时使用、通过非特异性途径增强机体的免疫应答的物质。它可增强机体的免疫系统功能,缓解由环境造成的免疫功能紊乱,有利于预防和治疗传染性和条件性疾病。目前在临床上常用的免疫增强剂有很多,如：卡介苗、盐酸左旋咪唑、香菇多糖、胸腺素、白细胞介素-2（白介素-2）和黄芪多糖等等。本试验选用黄芪多糖粉剂、黄芪多糖注射液、盐酸左旋咪唑药物作为免疫增强剂,来探明不同免疫增强剂对肉鸡禽流感免疫功能和生长促进的影响差异。 相似文献
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免疫增强剂对IBD疫苗免疫雏鸡局部黏膜免疫组织的影响 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1
应用免疫组织化学和组织化学方法对使用免疫增强剂“禽福”和“Immunair”的1日龄SPF雏鸡接种IBD疫苗后,其消化道和呼吸道局部黏膜免疫组织的T细胞和IgA、IgM和IgG生成细胞数量的动态变化进行了较全面系统的研究。结果使用免疫增强剂雏鸡在接种IBD疫苗后,其上述指标均不同程度地高于IBD疫苗单独免疫的雏鸡,其中,使用“禽福”的免疫雏鸡又较“Immunair”的免疫雏鸡明显增加。表明免疫增强剂能明显提高雏鸡消化道和呼吸道局部黏膜免疫组织对IBD疫苗的免疫应答,增强IBD免疫雏鸡对vvIB-DV攻击的保护力。 相似文献
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缓释复方免疫增强剂对雏鸡免疫功能各项 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
将40只14日龄蛋用雏鸡随机分成2组,每组20只,A组为对照组,颈部皮下注射新城疫疫苗0.2ml/只,B组为试验组,在颈部皮下注射新城疫疫苗的同时,每只雏鸡投服缓释复方免疫增强剂1粒（0.25 mg左右）,在试验后10、20、30和40 d时检测的新城疫HI抗体效价、T淋巴细胞ERFC形成率、外周血T淋巴细胞ANAE阳性率,试验组显著高于对照组（P＜0.01）,对免疫器官相对重量变化具有明显的促生长作用,对机体的囊体比和脾体比有一定的提高,但差异不显著（P＞0.05）。由此可见,研制的缓释复方免疫增强剂的免疫增强效果明显,持续时间长,同时还可促进机体的生长发育,是一种效果好、副作用小的新型免疫增强剂。 相似文献
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猪细小病毒BQ株灭活疫苗免疫剂量及免疫持续期的初步研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为确定猪细小病毒(PPV)BQ株灭活疫苗(PPV-BQ)的免疫剂量及免疫持续期,本研究与市场上销售的2种PPV灭活疫苗A和B进行了比较。试验分6组,每组免疫3头PPV抗体阴性猪,1组～3组分别免疫BQ株灭活疫苗1mL、2mL、4mL,4组～5组按照说明书免疫A、B两种PPV灭活疫苗,6组为阴性对照组(免疫油佐剂)。两周后进行二免,定期检测血清抗体水平。结果表明,注射疫苗组均产生了PPV抗体,都能持续到免疫后24周。免疫不同剂量PPV-BQ各组间抗体水平差异不显著(p0.05),PPV-BQ与PPV-A抗体水平差异不显著(p0.05),与PPV-B抗体水平差异极显著(p0.01),显著优于PPV-B。PPV-BQ1mL免疫剂量即可达到或超过同类产品的免疫效果,是较为理想的PPV灭活疫苗。 相似文献
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A I Hurvitz 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》1982,181(10):1080-1082
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FIV/HIV infections are associated with an early robust humoral and cellular anti-viral immune response followed by a progressive immune suppression that eventually results in AIDS. Several mechanisms responsible for this immune dysfunction have been proposed including cytokine dysregulation, immunologic anergy and apoptosis, and inappropriate activation of immune regulatory cells. Studies on FIV infection provide evidence for all three. Cytokine alterations include decreases in IL2 and IL12 production and increases in IFNγ and IL10 in FIV+ cats compared to normal cats. The elevated IL10:IL12 ratio is associated with the inability of FIV+ cats to mount a successful immune response to secondary pathogens. Additionally, chronic antigenic (FIV) stimulation results in an increase in the percent of activated T cells expressing B7 and CTLA4 co-stimulatory molecules in infected cats. The expression of these molecules is associated with T cells that are undergoing apoptosis in the lymph nodes. As ligation of CTLA4 by B7 transduces a signal for induction of anergy, one can speculate that the activated T cells are capable of T cell–T cell interactions resulting in anergy and apoptosis. The inability of CD4+ cells from FIV+ cats to produce IL2 in response to recall antigens and the gradual loss of CD4+ cell numbers could be due to B7–CTLA4 interactions. The chronic antigenemia may also lead to activation of CD4+CD25+ T regulatory cells. Treg cells from FIV+ cats are chronically activated and inhibit the mitogen-induced proliferative response of CD4+CD25− by down-regulating IL2 production. Although Treg cell activation can be antigen-specific, the suppressor function is not, and thus activated Treg cells would suppress responses to secondary pathogens as well as to FIV. Concomitant with the well-known virus-induced immune suppression is a progressive immune hyper-activation. Evidence for immune hyper-activation includes polyclonal B cell responses, gradual replacement of naïve CD4+ and CD8+ T cell phenotypes with activation phenotypes (CD62L−, B7+, CTLA4+), and the chronic activation of CD4+CD25+ Treg cells. Thus lentivirus infections lead to severe immune dysregulation manifested as both chronic immune suppression and chronic immune activation. FIV infection of cats provides a number of advantages over other lentivirus infections as a model to study this immune dysregulation. It is a natural infection that has existed in balance with the cat's immune system for thousands of years. As such, the natural history and pathogenesis provides an excellent model to study the long-term relationships between AIDS lentivirus and host immune system function/dysregulation. 相似文献
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多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)对家禽免疫功能的影响及其作用机制研究进展 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
随着家禽生产集约化程度提高,养殖密度加大,造成养殖环境恶化。各种环境因子的刺激及传染病的影响,使家禽长期处于应激和免疫失调状态,机体代谢紊乱,从而影响家禽的生产性能和产品品质。如何改善家禽的亚健康或应激状态,充分发挥其生产潜力,成为家禽营养研究的热点之一。多不饱 相似文献
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African trypanosomosis: from immune escape and immunopathology to immune intervention 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Stijlemans B Guilliams M Raes G Beschin A Magez S De Baetselier P 《Veterinary parasitology》2007,148(1):3-13
African trypanosomes can cause prolonged chronic infections through a mechanism of antigen variation whereby they manipulate the humoral immune system of their hosts. However, besides antigenic variation these extracellular parasites exert other immunoregulatory activities mainly mediated by innate cells in particular macrophage-like (M) cells. In this review, the modulation of M cells through parasite factors and host cytokines as well as their role in parasite control and immunopathology will be examined. The concept of M cell polarization into distinct activation states (M1, M2) that may contribute to trypanosusceptibility or resistance will be discussed. Finally, the possibility to interfere with such activation states hereby providing new therapeutical modalities in the treatment of this infectious disease will be illustrated. 相似文献
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一 发生情况
秦皇岛市昌黎县于某饲养的4000只肉鸡，按常规饲养并免疫了新城疫、传染性支气管炎、法氏囊炎疫苗，但未进行新城疫二价油苗的免疫。饲养到26日龄，鸡群中有个别鸡出现呼吸道症状，并陆续有鸡只死亡，发病率达30％，且每天死亡由几十只增加到100多只，病鸡出现神经症状。鸡群发病后曾用过泰乐菌素、红霉素、双黄连口服液等药物治疗，效果甚微。2009年2月10日来我处就诊，经剖检、诊断为鸡新城疫。 相似文献
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目前,我国养禽业已由分散、零星、粗放型的放养逐渐向规模化、集约化的饲养转变,但由于综合防制技术落后,免疫监测手段滞后,免疫程序不当,老病未消灭,新病又不断出现等原因,严重威胁着养禽业的健康发展。笔者针对目 相似文献