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研究美洲大蠊(俗称蟑螂)提取物CⅡ-3纳米粒对免疫力低下小鼠免疫功能的改善作用。制备美洲大蠊提取物CⅡ-3纳米粒,并建立免疫功能低下小鼠模型,将小鼠随机分为正常对照组和模型组(灌胃生理盐水,0.2mL/10g),辅料组(灌胃空白纳米粒,40mg/kg,0.2mL/10g),阳性对照组(灌胃左旋咪唑,40mg/kg,0.2mL/10g),CⅡ-3组(灌胃美洲大蠊提取物CⅡ-3,40mg/kg,0.2mL/10g),CⅡ-3纳米粒5个剂量组(灌胃美洲大蠊提取物CⅡ-3纳米粒10、20、40、80、160mg/kg,0.2mL/10g),各组连续给药15d后,检测小鼠外周血白细胞、红细胞、血小板;脏器指数;巨噬细胞吞噬功能;血清中免疫球蛋白IgG、IgM的含量。研究结果显示,CⅡ-3纳米粒各剂量组均可以显著提高免疫低下小鼠的白细胞数量(P<0.05);能显著提高免疫力低下小鼠的肝脏、脾脏和胸腺指数(P<0.01);可显著提高其巨噬细胞吞噬能力(P<0.05)和免疫力低下小鼠血清中IgG、IgM的含量(P<0.01),说明CⅡ-3纳米粒有改善免疫力低下小鼠免疫功能的作用。 相似文献
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重组猪乳铁蛋白N端多肽对环磷酰胺免疫抑制小鼠免疫功能的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
研究旨在观察重组猪乳铁蛋白N端多肽(rPLFN)对环磷酰胺所致免疫功能低下小鼠免疫功能的影响。选用体重18～21g的雄性ICR小鼠40只,按试验要求随机分成4组,即12.5mg/kg rPLFN组、25mg/kgrPLFN组、环磷酰胺组和对照组,每组10只;按设计剂量灌胃给药,在第12天时用环磷酰胺50mg/kg腹腔注射建立小鼠免疫低下模型,至第16天检测各组小鼠脾淋巴细胞增殖反应和血清IL-2、TNF-α、IFN-γ含量。结果表明:25mg/kg rPLFN组能拮抗环磷酰胺对小鼠脾淋巴细胞增殖反应的抑制作用(P<0.05);25mg/kg rPLFN组血清中IL-2、IFN-γ、TNF-α含量显著高于模型组(P<0.05)。结果表明,rPLFN对环磷酰胺免疫抑制小鼠的免疫功能有一定的恢复和增强作用。 相似文献
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芦荟乙酰化甘露聚糖对肉仔鸡cAMP/cGMP与免疫功能的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本试验研究了肉仔鸡日粮中添加芦荟乙酰化甘露聚糖对环核苷酸含量与免疫功能的影响。结果表明:芦荟凝胶、多糖和乙酰化甘露聚糖均能显著(P<0.05)增加肉鸡体重和肝脏重量,提高血浆和肝脏的cAMP和血浆、肝脏的cGMP水平,以及血浆和肝脏的cAMP/cGMP比值。注射绵羊红细胞,一免后,7 d抗体总量和IgG含量达到峰值。与对照组相比,一免后,7,11,14 d肉仔鸡的抗体总量和IgG值较高,差异显著(P<0.05);二免后,4 d抗体总量和IgG含量达到峰值,并长时间内维持高水平。二免后乙酰化甘露聚糖显著(P<0.05)提高了肉仔鸡对新城疫疫苗(NDV)的抗体水平,同时还增强了肉仔鸡对NDV的免疫应答。本研究表明乙酰化甘露聚糖能提高肉仔鸡的体液免疫功能。 相似文献
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试验旨在研究复方中草药对猪生长性能、屠宰性能、肉品质和免疫功能的影响。将60头育肥猪随机分成4组,每组15头猪。对照组、Ⅰ组、Ⅱ组、Ⅲ组分别在基础日粮中添加0、0.5%、1.0%、2.0%的复方中草药。结果显示:与对照组相比,Ⅰ组育肥猪平均日增重、血清免疫球蛋白G(IgG)含量均显著提高(P<0.05),失水率显著降低(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,Ⅱ组、Ⅲ组育肥猪末重、平均日增重、胴体重、胴体斜长、熟肉率、脾脏指数、血清免疫球蛋白A (IgA)含量、IgG含量均显著提高(P<0.05),料重比、背膘厚、剪切力、失水率均显著降低(P<0.05)。与Ⅰ组相比,Ⅱ组、Ⅲ组育肥猪胴体重、胴体斜长、血清IgG含量均显著提高(P<0.05),背膘厚均显著降低(P<0.05)。研究表明,育肥猪基础饲粮中添加1.0%和2.0%的该复方中草药制剂均能改善育肥猪的生长性能、屠宰性能、肉品质和免疫功能,临床应用中选择1.0%作为最适添加剂量。 相似文献
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本试验旨在研究枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis,BS)对肥育猪血浆生化和免疫指标及粪便菌群的影响。选取120头平均体重为(62.90±2.37)kg的“杜×长×大”三元杂交肥育猪,随机分为3个组,每组5个重复,每个重复8头猪。对照组(A组)饲喂基础饲粮,试验组(B、C组)分别在基础饲粮中添加100和200mg/kgBS。预试期7d,正试期63d。结果表明:1)与对照组相比,B、C组肥育猪血浆碱性磷酸酶活性极显著降低(P<0.01),B组血浆球蛋白含量显著降低(P<0.05),血浆白蛋白含量显著提高(P<0.05);2)C组肥育猪血浆免疫球蛋白A含量和猪圆环病毒抗体水平较对照组极显著提高(P<0.01);3)饲粮中添加BS对肥育猪血浆和肌肉中内毒素含量均无显著影响(P>0.05);4)与对照组相比,B、C组粪便中双歧杆菌相对含量显著提高(P<0.05),B组粪便中巨大芽孢杆菌相对含量显著提高(P<0.05),C组粪便中产气荚膜梭菌相对含量极显著降低(P<0.01)。由此可见,饲粮中添加BS可在一定程度上改善肥育猪机体代谢,增强机体免疫功能,优化肠道菌群。 相似文献
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将180只昆明种小白鼠,按体质量随机分为6个处理组:抗菌蛋白粗提物高、中、低剂量添加组;抗菌蛋白纯化物添加组;空白生理盐水对照组;环磷酰胺处理的模型组。试验期28d,各试验组小鼠均灌胃给药。除空白生理盐水对照组,各组小鼠均腹腔注射环磷酰胺,制备免疫低下小鼠模型。试验第0、7、14、21、28天称重后眼球采血致死,称脾脏和胸腺重,采用ELISA法测定小鼠血清中IL-2、IL-4、IFN-γ含量,同时取14、28d采血后的试验小白鼠,无菌取出脾脏,采用MTT法进行淋巴细胞增值试验。结果发现,第1周各试验组小鼠平均日增重均显著高于环磷酰胺模型组,随着小鼠接触药物次数的增加,抗菌蛋白RSRAH对小鼠脾脏和胸腺发育的影响在逐渐增大。高剂量组小鼠血清中IFN-γ的含量显著提高(P<0.05),在第7、14、21、28天时,与空白对照组和模型组相比,各试验组小鼠血清中IL-4的含量均极显著提高(P<0.01)。另外,在试验第14、28天,各试验组均显著促进小鼠淋巴细胞增殖(P<0.05)。结果表明,家兔圆小囊抗菌蛋白能提高免疫抑制小鼠的体质量和免疫器官指数,提高小鼠血清IFN-γ,IL-4水平,促进小鼠淋巴细胞增殖,对免疫低下小鼠的细胞免疫功能有促进作用。 相似文献
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试验旨在研究复方中药饲料添加剂对育肥猪生长性能、屠宰性能、肉品质和免疫功能的影响。将120头育肥猪随机分为4组,每组3个重复,每个重复10头猪。对照组、低剂量组、中剂量组、高剂量组分别在基础日粮中添加0、0.1%、0.5%、1.0%复方中药饲料添加剂。预试期7 d,正式试验期56 d。结果显示,与对照组相比,高剂量组育肥猪的末重、屠体重、屠宰率、胴体斜长均显著提高(P<0.05),背膘厚度显著降低(P<0.05);各剂量组育肥猪平均日增重均显著提高(P<0.05);中剂量组、高剂量组育肥猪的平均日采食量显著提高(P<0.05),料重比显著降低(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,高剂量组育肥猪猪肉的pH24 h值显著升高(P<0.05),中剂量组、高剂量组猪肉的剪切力、滴水损失率显著降低(P<0.05),各剂量组猪肉的蒸煮损失率显著降低(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,中剂量组、高剂量组育肥猪血清免疫球蛋白A (IgA)、白细胞介素-2 (IL-2)含量显著提高(P<0.05),各剂量组育肥猪血清免疫球蛋白G (IgG)含量均显著提高(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,高剂量组育肥猪脾脏指数显著提高(P<0.05)。研究表明,随着育肥猪日粮中复方中药饲料添加剂的添加剂量增加,其对育肥猪生长性能、屠宰性能、肉品质和免疫功能的改善作用逐步增强,适宜添加剂量为1.0%。 相似文献
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研究太子参参须提取物(RPFRE)对小鼠血清免疫指标和抗氧化指标的影响。将40只雄性昆明小鼠随机分为空白对照组、RPFRE低剂量组(100 mg/kg)、RPFRE中剂量组(200 mg/kg)和RPFRE高剂量组(400 mg/kg),给空白对照组小鼠灌胃蒸馏水,给RPFRE组小鼠分别灌胃相应剂量的RPFRE,连续2周。第15天,采集小鼠血液,检测血清抗氧化指标(T-AOC、SOD、MDA)和免疫指标(免疫球蛋白IgG、IgM、IgA及补体C3、C4)。结果显示,与对照组相比,RPFRE高剂量组小鼠IgG含量、低剂量组IgM含量、中剂量组补体C3含量均显著升高(P<0.05);3个剂量RPFRE组T-AOC极显著升高(P<0.01)。说明RPFRE能不同程度提高小鼠免疫功能和抗氧化功能。 相似文献
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为了研究摄入不同水平的呕吐毒素(DON)对小鼠血清及不同小肠段免疫水平和抗氧化水平的影响,试验将80只SPF昆明系小鼠随机分为4组,每组20只,低、中、高剂量组分别灌胃浓度为1.0,1.5,2.5 mg/kg的DON,对照组灌胃等量的生理盐水,连续灌胃21 d。试验结束后计算平均日增重、平均日采食量、料重比,采集血清及十二指肠、空肠和回肠肠段,采用ELISA法测定免疫球蛋白[免疫球蛋白(Ig)A、IgG、分泌型免疫球蛋白(sIg)A)]和抗氧化指标[总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)]。结果表明:高剂量组的平均日增重、平均日采食量均极显著低于对照组(P<0.01),而各组之间料重比差异不显著(P>0.05)。与对照组相比,高剂量组血清中IgA含量极显著升高(P<0.01),IgG含量显著升高(P<0.05),十二指肠sIgA含量显著降低(P<0.05),回肠sIgA含量极显著降低(P<0.01)。与对照组相比,高剂量组血清中T-AOC极显著降低(P<0.01),SOD活性显... 相似文献
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用环磷酰胺（Cy）制造小鼠免疫功能抑制模型，以口服扶正女贞素片的小鼠为阳性对照组，试验组小鼠连续口服耗牛血清IgG，10d后测定小鼠免疫水平的变化。结果，口服牦牛血清IgG的小鼠，抗Cy引起的免疫器官萎缩效果极显著（P＜0．01），抗Cy引起的小鼠血清IgG含量降低（P＜0．05），能提高小鼠血清IgG水平（P＜0．05）；牦牛血清IgG对小鼠急性毒性试验属无毒级。证明口服牦牛血清IgG能显著提高小鼠的免疫功能。 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献
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乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物.本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制.乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道.文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分(表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖)与肠道受体(C型凝集素受体、Toll样受体和Nod样受体),阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制. 相似文献
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Billinghurst RC Brama PA van Weeren PR Knowlton MS McIlwraith CW 《American journal of veterinary research》2004,65(2):143-150
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether serum concentrations of biomarkers of skeletal metabolism can, in conjunction with radiographic evaluation, indicate severity of osteochondrosis in developing horses. ANIMALS: 43 Dutch Warmblood foals with varying severity of osteochondrosis. PROCEDURE: 24 foals were monitored for 5 months and 19 foals were monitored for 11 months. Monthly radiographs of femoropatellar-femorotibial and tibio-tarsal joints were graded for osteochondral abnormalities. Serial blood samples were assayed for 8 cartilage and bone biomarkers. At the end of the monitoring period, foals were examined for macroscopic osteochondrosis lesions. RESULTS: Temporal relationships were evident between certain serum biomarkers and osteochondrosis severity in foals during their first year. Biomarkers of collagen degradation (collagenase-generated neoepitopes of type-II collagen fragments, type-I and -II collagen fragments [COL2-3/4C(short)], and cross-linked telopeptide fragments of type-I collagen) and bone mineralization (osteocalcin) were positive indicators of osteochondrosis severity at 5 months of age. In foals with lesions at 11 months of age, osteochondrosis severity correlated negatively with COL2-3/4C(short) and osteocalcin and positively with C-propeptide of type-II procollagen (CPII), a collagen synthesis marker. Radiographic grading of osteochondrosis lesions significantly correlated with macroscopic osteochondrosis severity score at both ages and was strongest when combined with osteocalcin at 5 months and CPII at 11 months. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The ability of serum biomarkers to indicate osteochondrosis severity appears to depend on stage of disease and is strengthened with radiography. In older foals with more permanent lesions, osteochondrosis severity is significantly related to biomarker concentrations of decreased bone formation and increased cartilage synthesis. 相似文献