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氮肥水平和刈割间隔对杂交狼尾草根系活力和粗蛋白含量的影响 总被引：14，自引：2，他引：12
为探明氮肥和刈割间隔对杂交狼尾草根系活力和粗蛋白含量的影响,在杂交狼尾草第1次刈割后,采用裂区设计(主区为4个N肥水平0,33.75,67.50和101.25 kg/hm2,副区为4个刈割间隔21,28,35和42 d)进行试验,结果表明,1)根系伤流液强度、伤流液中氨基酸总量平均值均以施肥水平33.75 kg/hm2显著高于其他处理,硝态氮总量平均值随施肥水平提高而增加,不同处理间差异均显著.根系伤流液强度、伤流液中氨基酸总量平均值刈割间隔为28 d时显著高于刈割间隔21,35和42 d,硝态氮总量平均值刈割间隔35 d时显著高于刈割间隔21,28和42 d;2)植株粗蛋白含量N肥水平间差异显著,N肥水平101.25 kg/hm2时平均粗蛋白含量达到13.34%,显著高于氮肥水平33.75 kg/hm2和不施N处理,而与N肥水平67.50 kg/hm2的平均粗蛋白含量12.59%无显著差异,刈割间隔28 d时平均粗蛋白含量为13.83%,显著高于刈割间隔21,35和42 d的粗蛋白含量11.86%,11.83%和11.05%;3)植株粗蛋白含量与根系伤流液中的氨基酸总量呈二次曲线关系;4)根系伤流液强度及其氮素形态变化规律为杂交狼尾草适宜施肥技术和刈割间隔的确定提供了依据. 相似文献
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《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2015,(7)
为了了解榴莲皮作为饲料原料的营养价值,试验测定了榴莲内皮、外皮和全皮的常规营养成分、氨基酸、主要微量元素含量,并与其他粗饲料含量进行了对比分析。结果表明:榴莲内皮的营养成分含量普遍高于外皮,外皮粗灰分、粗纤维和磷含量稍高于内皮。榴莲全皮含粗蛋白7.79%、粗脂肪1.58%、粗纤维37.62%、磷0.59%;矿物元素中含量最高的是镁,含量为3 318.94 mg/kg,其次为铁,含量是147.28 mg/kg;氨基酸总量为3.95%,占粗蛋白的50.71%,必需氨基酸占总氨基酸的39.24%,呈味氨基酸(鲜、甜味氨基酸)占氨基酸总量的49.87%。说明榴莲皮蛋白含量高,脂肪含量低、矿物元素含量丰富,适口性好,可作为反刍动物的良好饲料。 相似文献
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养殖暗纹东方鲀鱼体粗蛋白与氨基酸的分析研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文对暗纹东方鲀的1龄鱼(体重40～80 g),2龄鱼(体重200～300 g)的粗蛋白及氨基酸进行了分析.结果表明:1龄鱼的粗蛋白含量比2龄鱼高8.15%(占干物质).1龄鱼的氨基酸总量比2龄鱼高3.53%.测定的18种氨基酸中,1、2龄鱼均以谷氨酸的含量为最高,分别为氨基酸总量的15.08%和15.05%.非常接近.在必需氨基酸中,除了2龄鱼的赖氨酸、精氨酸的含量明显高于1龄鱼外,其余氨基酸的组成和比例没有明显的差异,且必需氨基酸占总的氨基酸的比例(即EAA/TAA)也很接近,分别为43.17%和43.63%.本文同时对配制的暗纹东方鲀配合饲料的粗蛋白与氨基酸的含量进行分析并与鱼体的含量进行了比较,为进一步研制、开发暗纹东方鲀饲料提供了理论依据. 相似文献
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美国鲥鱼肌肉营养成分分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《饲料与畜牧》2017,(17)
美国鲥鱼是一种营养丰富、适合养殖的鱼类。本文对美国鲥鱼的含肉率和肌肉营养成分进行了测定。结果表明:美国鲥鱼含肉率平均为68.70%,鱼肉水分含量为71.67%、粗蛋白21.39%、粗脂肪1.27%、粗灰分1.32%。本试验实际检测出的17种氨基酸,总量为66.81%(干样),其中人体必需氨基酸总量是29.06%,占氨基酸总量的43.50%,必需氨基酸指数为57.92。4种鲜味氨基酸含量为25.87%,占氨基酸总量的38.72%。必需氨基酸的构成比例基本符合FAO/WHO的标准。 相似文献
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<正> 东林Ⅱ号颗粒饲料是以海杂鱼、猪血、痘猪内脏、玉米面为主要原料,并添加多种维生素、分离大豆蛋白粉、氨基酸、抗氧化剂、防腐剂、调味剂、微量元素等各种饲料添加剂,参照美国NRC水貂饲养标准,结合我国多年养貂实践,按一定比例经科学配合加工而成的水貂专用颗粒饲料。蛋白质含量35％以上,含水量控制在12％以下。 相似文献
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对全红、花红、粉色和粉花4种体色的瓯江彩鲤肌肉中的粗蛋白、粗脂肪、灰分、水分、矿物质和氨基酸含量进行了测定.结果表明:4种彩鲤肌肉水分分别为77.81%、77.71%、77.36%和77.85%,粗蛋白含量分别为19.43%、20.14%、19.66%和19.44%,粗脂肪含量分别为1.67%、1.64%、1.65%和1.71%,灰分含量分别为1.41%、1.41%、1.44%和1.41%;4种体色瓯江彩鲤肌肉均富含钙、镁、铁、铜和锌等5种矿物元素含量,且氨基酸含量和必需氨基酸总量较高,氨基酸总量分别为77.99%、77.72%、77.62%和77.86%,必需氨基酸总量分别为32.85%、33.3%、33%和32.95%.经方差分析,4种不同体色的瓯江彩鲤肌肉粗蛋白、粗脂肪、灰分、水分和氨基酸及必需氨基酸总量均无显著差异,这表明,不同体色的瓯江彩鲤营养价值非常接近,均属于营养价值较高的经济鱼类. 相似文献
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Fink R Tauson AH Chwalibog A Hansen NE 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2006,90(1-2):60-69
Thirty mink dams nursing litters of six kits were assigned to one of three dietary treatments [high protein (HP), medium protein (MP) and low protein (LP)], fed ad libitum for 4 week from parturition, to investigate the effects of protein supply on milk yield and milk composition in order to estimate the amino acid requirement of the lactating mink. Twelve dams were held in an intensive care unit and subjected to balance experiments and the kits were injected with deuterium oxide to determine water kinetics and milk yield. Eighteen dams were kept under normal farm conditions but with feed intake of dams and live weight gain of kits being determined and milk samples collected. The ME intake was higher (p < 0.05) in dams fed the LP and MP diets than in dams fed the HP diet, whereas the amino acid intake (g/day) was lowest (p < 0.05) in dams fed the LP diet. In the third and fourth weeks of lactation milk yield was higher (p < 0.05) in dams fed the LP and MP diets than in dams fed the HP diet. Chemical composition of milk was not affected (p > 0.05) by dietary treatment. However, protein content tended (p = 0.06) to be lower in dams fed the LP diet. Amino acid content (g/16 g N) of milk was higher (p < 0.05) in dams fed the LP and MP diets than in dams fed the HP diet. This resulted in the highest (p < 0.05) amino acid intake and highest (p < 0.001) live weights of kits nursed by dams fed the LP and MP diets, which may be explained by a combined effect of higher ME intake and reduced energetic costs for glucose production through less amino acids being used in gluconeogenesis. In conclusion, the improved performance of dams fed the LP diet suggested that their requirement of essential amino acids and non-specific N were covered, and the requirement of digestible amino acids of lactating mink (kg(0.75)) was, thereby, estimated by use of a factorial approach including the amino acid excretion in milk of LP dams. 相似文献
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Fink R Rasmussen A Tauson AH 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2007,91(11-12):475-480
To determine differences in chemical composition between colostrum and mature milk in mink, milk samples were collected from 12 dams as close to the end of parturition as possible (n = 12), and at 24 h (n = 3), 48 h (n = 3) and 1 week (n = 12) postpartum. The milk samples were analysed for dry matter (DM), ash, crude protein, fat, carbohydrate, and amino acid composition. The DM content was higher (p < 0.05) in milk sampled at parturition than at 24 and 48 h postpartum. Also, the crude protein content decreased (p < 0.05) after the first 24 h postpartum. However, the fat, carbohydrate and ash contents did not change (p > 0.05) during the first week of lactation. The proportion of essential amino acids tended to decrease during the first 24 h postpartum. During the first week of lactation, the phenylalanine and tyrosine contents decreased while the cysteine content increased. However, in general, the differences between colostrum and mature milk were less pronounced in the mink than in many other species. Thus, colostrum seems to be of little importance in the mink in conferring passive immunity and hence for kit survival. 相似文献
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为进一步分析黑色素皮质激素受体-1(melanocortin-1 receptor,MC1R)基因的分子特性,利用生物信息学方法对GenBank中已报道的赤狐MC1R基因完整编码区序列的碱基组成特点及其编码蛋白的结构特征进行了预测及分析,构建了12个物种MC1R蛋白的系统进化树。结果表明,赤狐MC1R基因编码区序列长度为954 bp,共编码317个氨基酸,为单一外显子,G+C含量高于A+T,编码的蛋白质是一种分子质量为34.8694 ku,等电点为9.13的亲水性稳定碱性蛋白;存在7个强跨膜区、7个广泛磷酸化位点和1个潜在的蛋白激酶C磷酸化位点(第157位的苏氨酸),α-螺旋为其主要二级结构元件;属于G蛋白偶联受体家族一员,包括多个潜在重要功能基序;同源性分析与分子进化树结果均表明,赤狐与北极狐、狗和貉的亲缘关系最近。 相似文献
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为了解山东地区水貂犬瘟热病毒(CDV)遗传变异特征,采集水貂养殖场的发病水貂病料,通过RT-PCR鉴定为CDV阳性,将阳性病料接种Vero/Dog SLAM细胞进行病毒分离,通过间接免疫荧光、电镜负染、测序等方法鉴定,得到4株犬瘟热病毒,分别命名为WD1株、WD2株、WX1株和WX2株。分离株H基因测序结果显示,WD1株、WD2株、WX1株均为Asia-Ⅰ型,其中WD1和WD2与近几年仅在水貂和狐狸养殖场流行的新犬瘟热毒株核苷酸和氨基酸序列同源性分别为97.5%~99.2%和97%~99%;WX-1型与国内犬源HL001株的同源性最高,核苷酸和氨基酸序列同源性分别为99.6%和99.5%;WX2与疫苗株同属于一个分支,与疫苗毒Lederle株核苷酸和氨基酸序列同源性高达99.5%和98.8%。结果表明,水貂养殖场存在多株犬瘟热病毒混合感染的情况,提醒养殖场应注意防控,该结果也为犬瘟热病毒分子流行病学积累了资料。 相似文献
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本试验旨在研究饲粮L-精氨酸含量对冬毛期雌性水貂氨基酸消化率、血清氨基酸含量及血清生化指标的影响。选取(150±3)日龄的健康雌性水貂63只,随机分为7组(每组9个重复,每个重复1只水貂),分别饲喂在基础饲粮中添加0、0.20%、0.40%、0.60%、0.80%、1.00%和1.20%L-精氨酸的试验饲粮,试验饲粮中L-精氨酸含量分别为1.70%、1.90%、2.10%、2.30%、2.50%、2.70%和2.90%。预试期7 d,正试期60 d。结果表明:1)干物质采食量、干物质排出量和干物质消化率各组之间差异不显著(P0.05)。2)1.70%组水貂的赖氨酸消化率显著高于2.50%、2.70%和2.90%组(P0.05)。2.70%和2.90%组水貂的精氨酸消化率显著高于1.70%和1.90%组(P0.05)。3)2.30%组水貂血清丝氨酸和脯氨酸含量显著高于1.70%、1.90%、2.10%和2.90%组(P0.05)。2.30%和2.50%组水貂血清丙氨酸含量显著高于1.70%、1.90%、2.10%和2.90%组(P0.05)。2.30%组水貂血清苯丙氨酸含量显著高于1.70%和2.90%组(P0.05)。2.30%组水貂血清精氨酸含量显著高于1.70%、1.90%、2.10%和2.90%组(P0.05)。4)2.30%组水貂血清天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶活性显著高于1.70%组(P0.05)。2.30%和2.50%组水貂血清乳酸脱氢酶活性显著高于1.70%、1.90%、2.10%、2.70%和2.90%组(P0.05)。5)2.30%和2.50%组水貂血清免疫球蛋白M含量显著高于1.70%、1.90%、2.10%、2.70%和2.90%组(P0.05)。2.30%组水貂血清免疫球蛋白G含量显著高于1.70%和2.90%组(P0.05)。2.30%和2.50%组水貂血清补体4含量显著高于1.70%和2.90%组(P0.05),2.10%组水貂血清补体4含量显著高于1.70%(P0.05)。由结果可知,当饲粮中L-精氨酸含量为2.30%时,冬毛期雌性水貂能获得较好的蛋白质和氨基酸代谢,同时免疫功能得到增强。 相似文献
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对用含蛋白质45％的配合饲料饲养的东北六须鲇的肌肉营养成分进行了分析。结果表明：东北六须鲶肌肉鲜样中粗蛋白质、粗脂肪和水分的含量（均为质量分数）分别为16．47％、2．36％、和79．94％;新鲜肌肉中17种氨基酸的总量为15．74％,其中8种人体必需氨基酸为7．68％,必需氨基酸的构成比例基本符合FAO／WHO的标准,氨基酸评分（AAS）和A／E值均显示,东北六须鲶蛋白质的第一限制性氨基酸为蛋氨酸和胱氨酸;脂肪酸中含有高比例（25．6％）的多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）,高于其它名优养殖鱼类。 相似文献
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Three 2 x 4 factorial experiments were carried out from August to September with 30 juvenile male mink, 24 raccoon dogs, and 24 blue foxes to investigate the effect of dietary glycine supply (low or high) on the efficiency of these species to excrete hippuric acid with incremental benzoate intake (0, 1, 2, or 4 mmol/kg BW). For mink, two additional treatments with 1 or 2 mmol/kg BW of ethyl benzoate were included. A basal low-glycine diet was formulated to meet the minimum protein requirements of fur animals (30% of ME). This diet was supplemented with 0 or 3 g/kg of glycine, or with 0, 1.0, 2.07, or 4.15 g/kg of sodium benzoate for mink and blue foxes, and with 0 or 4.5 g/kg of glycine and 0, 1.58, 3.17, or 6.34 g/kg of sodium benzoate for raccoon dogs, respectively. Two additional diets with .76 or 1.53 g/kg of ethyl benzoate were made for mink. Fecal and urinary benzoic and hippuric acid excretion were measured for 3 d. The 24-h recovery of [14C]benzoic acid injected intraperitoneally was measured from urine, the liver, and the kidneys. All animals appeared healthy and no clinical signs of benzoate overdose were observed. Dietary benzoate level did not affect ADFI or ADG in any species. Glycine supplementation lowered ADFI in mink. The majority of ingested benzoates were absorbed from the gut (over 95%), except in blue foxes, which excreted 6 to 15% of ingested benzoates in feces with incremental increases in benzoate intake. Urinary free benzoic acid excretion accounted for 10% of the ingested benzoates in blue foxes but less than 5% in mink and raccoon dogs. When benzoate intake was 1 mmol/kg BW, mink, blue foxes, and raccoon dogs excreted 71, 77, and 34% of ingested benzoates as hippuric acid in urine, respectively. With higher benzoate intakes, urinary hippuric acid excretion decreased quadratically with mink to 20%, and linearly with blue foxes and raccoon dogs to 45 and 16%, respectively. The hippuric acid pathway appears to be the principal route of benzoate elimination in the mink and blue fox, whereas, in the raccoon dog, other pathways appear to be more important. In mink, the elimination of ethyl benzoate did not differ from that of sodium benzoate. Because glycine conjugation is the primary route of benzoate elimination, it is recommended that benzoate content in fur animal feeds should not exceed 1 g/kg feed on an as-fed basis. 相似文献