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1.
日粮不同蛋白质水平对育成期高邮鸭生长性能及氮沉积率的影响 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
本试验设计了2种蛋白质含量的日粮,通过饲养试验和代谢试验对高邮鸭育成期生长性能及日粮氮沉积率进行测定、分析,探讨高邮鸭育成期日粮蛋白质水平对其生长性能和蛋白质利用的影响。选择28 d健康、精神状况良好的高邮鸭192只,公母各半,随机分到2个处理组,每个处理4个重复,每个重复24只,分别饲喂能量相同的2种蛋白质含量（14%和16%）日粮,同一饲养管理条件下饲养111、140 d时,从每个处理中按照平均体重选择8只,入代谢笼进行代谢试验。试验结果表明,29～140 d高邮鸭饲喂蛋白质含量〖JP2〗为14%的日粮比饲喂蛋白质含量为16%的日粮能获得较好的生长性能和日粮氮沉积率。 相似文献
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日粮能量、蛋白水平对高邮鸭育雏期生长性能的影响 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
将高邮鸭蛋用品系0日龄鸭360只,采用3×3因子设计了9个不同能量水平(11.70、11.90和12.12MJ/kg)、蛋白水平(18.0、19.0和20.0%)的日粮,分别饲喂9个处理组鸭,每个处理组4个重复,每个重复10只,进行28天的饲养试验,并结合屠宰试验进行高邮鸭蛋鸭育雏阶段日粮能量、蛋白需要水平的初步探讨,试验结果表明:在高邮鸭蛋用品系鸭0～28日龄的育雏期内,日粮能量水平为11.70MJ/kg和蛋白水平在18%左右,能更好的发挥高邮鸭的生长性能. 相似文献
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【目的】研究饲粮不同能量和蛋白质水平对雪山草鸡种母鸡育雏期生长性能、体尺性状、血清生化指标和屠宰性能的影响,明确其育雏期适宜的饲粮能量和蛋白质水平。【方法】选取体重接近、健康状态良好的1日龄雪山草鸡种母鸡2 250只,按3×3两因素试验设计随机分为9组,3个能量水平(11.7、11.9、12.1 MJ/kg)和3个蛋白质水平(18.0%、19.0%、20.0%),每组10个重复,每个重复25只鸡,试验期为42 d。试验结束时统计生长性能指标;每重复选取2只鸡采血,1只鸡屠宰,测定血清生化指标和屠宰性能。【结果】(1)饲粮能量水平对雏鸡平均日采食量(ADFI)、平均日增重(ADG)、料重比(F/G)和终末体重均有显著影响(P<0.05),随着能量水平的升高,ADFI和F/G呈下降趋势,ADG和终末体重呈上升趋势,均匀度无显著变化(P>0.05);饲粮蛋白质水平对ADFI有显著影响(P<0.05),ADFI随着蛋白质水平的升高而降低,而其他生长性能指标均无显著变化(P>0.05);饲粮能量和蛋白质水平对雏鸡的生长性能指标均无显著交互作用(P>0.05)。(2)... 相似文献
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能量是对饲料中三大主要有机营养物质水平高低的综合评价,能量水平的高低关系到肉仔鸡生长性能的好坏.同时,能量饲料在日粮中的比例很大,其含量又直接影响到肉仔鸡养殖的经济效益.研究拟在不影响肉仔鸡生长性能的基础上,通过饲养试验测定肉仔鸡在饲喂不同能量水平饲粮下的日采食量、日增重,计算饲料转化效率;通过代谢试验和分析试验计算蛋白质、钙、磷和粗纤维代谢率;进行屠宰试验对不同处理肉仔鸡的各项屠宰指标进行测定.根据统计分析结果筛选出最佳的能量饲料水平,合理设计饲料配方,为肉仔鸡生产提供参考,为降低饲料成本提供依据. 相似文献
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不同能量与蛋白质水平对生长前期北京鸭生产性能的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
采用5×2因子设计试验,将560只1日龄北京鸭z系雏公鸭随机分为10个组,每组8个重复,每重复7只,研究日粮能量、蛋白质水平对0～3周龄肉鸭生产性能的影响.试验日粮的代谢能(ME)设12.75、12.12、11.45、10.87、10.24 MJ/kg 5个水平,粗蛋白质(CP)设20.5%、17.5%两个水平.结果表明:(1)能量水平对体重、日增重、腹脂重及腹脂率均呈显著正相关(P<0.05),与日采食量及料重比呈显著负相关(P<0.01);蛋白质水平对降低腹脂率有显著影响(P<0.05),胸肌、腿肌重及其占体重比率都不受能量和蛋白质水平的影响:能量与蛋白质水平的交互作用显著影响21日龄北京鸭体重、日增重及料重比.(2)采用折线模型以料重比及采食量为衡量指标对高蛋白质水平下能量需要量进行估测得出,在20.5%蛋白质水平下,要获得最佳料重比及最低采食量.能量水平分别为12.60MJ/kg和12.56 MJ/kg. 相似文献
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日粮蛋白质水平对北京鸭屠宰性能和脂肪代谢的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本试验选用300只1日龄健康北京鸭,随机分成3组,每组10个重复,每个重复10只,研究日粮蛋白质(CP)水平对北京鸭生长性能、屠宰性能及其肝脏脂肪合成酶类的影响.对照组、高蛋白质组和低蛋白质组0～14日龄CP水平分别为22%、24%、20%;15～28日龄CP水平分别为16%、18%、14%,试验期为28 d.试验结果表明:(1)不同蛋白质水平对28日龄时北京鸭屠宰性能基本无影响.(2)不同蛋白质水平对北京鸭苹果酸脱氢酶和葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶的活性影响不显著(P＜0.05),但是随着日龄的增加,苹果酸脱氢酶活性值表现增加的趋势. 相似文献
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本试验采用单因素完全随机试验设计,通过测定不同日粮苏氨酸水平对1~21日龄北京鸭生长性能、屠宰性能和血浆生化指标的影响,研究低蛋白质日粮北京鸭苏氨酸需要量。240只1日龄雄性北京鸭按体重随机分为5个处理,每个处理6个重复,每个重复8只北京鸭,分别饲喂苏氨酸水平为0.41%、0.48%、0.55%、0.62%和0.69%的低蛋白质（17.65%）日粮,试验期为1~21日龄。结果表明,低蛋白质日粮中添加苏氨酸可以提高北京鸭体重、日增重、采食量和胸肌率（P<0.01）,降低料重比（P<0.01）。低蛋白质日粮中添加苏氨酸对北京鸭腿肌率,血浆ALT和AST活性,以及TP、ALB、GLB和GLU含量均无显著影响（P>0.05）,但是降低了血浆CHO、TG、HDLC和LDLC含量（P<0.05）。用直线-断线回归模型以体重、日增重、采食量、料重比和胸肌率为指标,拟合1~21日龄北京鸭苏氨酸需要量分别为0.594%、0.594%、0.595%、0.513%和0.607%。综合试验结果,当日粮蛋白质水平为17.65%时,1~21日龄北京鸭苏氨酸需要量为0.607%,此时,虽不能满足北京鸭的最大生长性能,但可以降低氮排放。 相似文献
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《畜牧与兽医》2014,(11):24-28
本试验旨在研究日粮蛋白质水平对1318周龄略阳乌鸡生长性能、屠体性能和血清生化指标的影响,以确定其适宜的蛋白质需要量。选取600只85日龄略阳乌鸡,将其随机分为5个处理,每个处理6个重复,每个重复20只鸡(公母各半)。各处理组分别饲喂代谢能相同、蛋白质含量不同的日粮。代谢能水平均为12.34 MJ/kg,蛋白水平分别为12.39%、14.20%、16.60%、18.06%和20.15%。饲养期间以重复为单位记录试验鸡的周喂料量,每3周以重复为单位记录试验鸡空腹体重(禁食12 h后)。以此计算试验鸡的平均日增重、日采食量及料重比。并于18周龄末各重复分别选取接近相应处理组平均体重的鸡2只(公母各1只),屠宰,进行屠体性能及血清生化指标的测定。结果表明:蛋白质水平对1318周龄略阳乌鸡生长性能、屠体性能和血清生化指标的影响,以确定其适宜的蛋白质需要量。选取600只85日龄略阳乌鸡,将其随机分为5个处理,每个处理6个重复,每个重复20只鸡(公母各半)。各处理组分别饲喂代谢能相同、蛋白质含量不同的日粮。代谢能水平均为12.34 MJ/kg,蛋白水平分别为12.39%、14.20%、16.60%、18.06%和20.15%。饲养期间以重复为单位记录试验鸡的周喂料量,每3周以重复为单位记录试验鸡空腹体重(禁食12 h后)。以此计算试验鸡的平均日增重、日采食量及料重比。并于18周龄末各重复分别选取接近相应处理组平均体重的鸡2只(公母各1只),屠宰,进行屠体性能及血清生化指标的测定。结果表明:蛋白质水平对1318周龄略阳乌鸡公鸡平均日增重未产生显著影响(P>0.05);其平均日采食量和料重比随日粮蛋白质水平的升高呈现显著下降的趋势(P<0.05)。蛋白质水平对略阳乌鸡母鸡平均日增重和料重比未产生显著影响(P>0.05),但对平均日采食量及血清尿酸含量有显著影响(P<0.05)。在本试验条件下,当日粮能量水平为12.34 MJ/kg时,基于日粮蛋白质水平对生长性能、屠体性能以及各血清生化指标影响的综合评估,1318周龄略阳乌鸡公鸡平均日增重未产生显著影响(P>0.05);其平均日采食量和料重比随日粮蛋白质水平的升高呈现显著下降的趋势(P<0.05)。蛋白质水平对略阳乌鸡母鸡平均日增重和料重比未产生显著影响(P>0.05),但对平均日采食量及血清尿酸含量有显著影响(P<0.05)。在本试验条件下,当日粮能量水平为12.34 MJ/kg时,基于日粮蛋白质水平对生长性能、屠体性能以及各血清生化指标影响的综合评估,1318周龄略阳乌鸡公鸡和母鸡适宜的蛋白需要量均为16.60%18周龄略阳乌鸡公鸡和母鸡适宜的蛋白需要量均为16.60%18.06%。 相似文献
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探讨日粮粗蛋白质和代谢能水平对1~21日龄黑羽公番鸭生长性能、屠宰指标和血液生化指标的影响。试验选取1日龄黑羽公番鸭378羽,采用3×3因子设计,随机分为9个处理,每处理设6个重复,每重复7只鸭,分别饲喂3个粗蛋白质水平和3个代谢能水平不同的9种日粮。试验全期21 d。结果显示：日粮粗蛋白质水平显著影响21 d体重（P<0.05）;粗蛋白质与代谢能水平间的互作显著影响14、21 d体重（P<0.05）;日粮粗蛋白质和代谢能水平、粗蛋白质与代谢能水平间的互作对屠宰率、全净膛率、葡萄糖、甘油三酯、总蛋白、白蛋白、总胆固醇和尿酸影响均不显著（P>0.05）。结果表明：日粮粗蛋白质和代谢能水平分别为17%和12.55 MJ/kg时,黑羽公番鸭生长性能、屠宰指标和血液生化指标为最佳。 相似文献
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Stimulation of pig growth performance by porcine growth hormone and growth hormone-releasing factor 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
T D Etherton J P Wiggins C S Chung C M Evock J F Rebhun P E Walton 《Journal of animal science》1986,63(5):1389-1399
The current study was undertaken to determine the effects of human growth hormone-releasing factor [hpGRF-(1-44)-NH2] on growth performance in pigs and whether this response was comparable to exogenous porcine growth hormone (pGH) treatment. Preliminary studies were conducted to determine if GRF increased plasma GH concentration after iv and im injection and the nature of the dose response. Growth hormone-releasing factor stimulated the release of pGH in a dose-dependent fashion, although the individual responses varied widely among pigs. The results from the im study were used to determine the dose of GRF to use for a 30-d growth trial. Thirty-six Yorkshire-Duroc barrows (initial wt 50 kg) were randomly allotted to one of three experimental groups (C = control, GRF and pGH). Pigs were treated daily with 30 micrograms of GRF/kg body weight by im injection in the neck. Pigs treated with pGH were also given 30 micrograms/kg body weight by im injection. Growth rate was increased 10% by pGH vs C pigs (P less than .05). Growth rate was not affected by GRF; however, hot and chilled carcass weights were increased 5% vs C pigs (P less than .05). On an absolute basis, adipose tissue mass was unaffected by pGH or GRF. Carcass lipid (percent of soft-tissue mass) was decreased 13% by GRF (P less than .05) and 18% by pGH (P less than .05). Muscle mass was significantly increased by pGH but not by GRF. There was a trend for feed efficiency to be improved by GRF; however, this was not different from control pigs. In contrast, pGH increased feed efficiency 19% vs control pigs (P less than .05). Chronic administration of GRF increased anterior pituitary weight but did not affect pituitary GH content or concentration. When blood was taken 3 h post-injection, both GRF- and pGH-treated pigs had lower blood-urea nitrogen concentrations. Serum glucose was significantly elevated by both GRF and pGH treatment. This was associated with an elevation in serum insulin. These results indicate that increasing the GH concentration in blood by either exogenous GH or GRF enhances growth performance. The effects of pGH were more marked than for GRF. Further studies are needed to determine the optimal dose of GRF to administer in growth trials and the appropriate pattern of GRF administration in order to determine whether GRF will enhance pig growth performance to the extent that exogenous pGH does. 相似文献
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Stimulation of swine growth by porcine growth hormone 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
Highly purified porcine growth hormone (pGH; USDA-B1) was administered by im injection (22 micrograms X kg body weight-1 X d-1) to rapidly growing Yorkshire barrows for 30 d. Growth hormone significantly increased growth rate (10%), feed efficiency (4%), cartilage growth and muscle mass. However, pGH did not affect carcass adipose tissue mass. Intramuscular lipid content of the longissimus was increased 50% by pGH administration. Plasma pGH concentration was elevated (7- to 11-fold) for 3 to 5 h post-injection. Chronic administration of pGH depressed pituitary GH content and concentration approximately 45%. No GH antibodies were detected in the plasma of GH-treated swine. Plasma somatomedin-C concentration was increased 55% by GH treatment 3 h post-injection. Plasma glucose and insulin concentrations were both significantly increased in GH-treated swine, suggesting that the animals had developed a state of insulin resistance. Plasma-free fatty acid concentration tended to be higher in GH-treated animals. Treatment of swine with pGH significantly decreased plasma blood urea nitrogen. Assessment of animal health during the trial and postmortem indicated that pGH administration did not have any adverse effects. In summary, treatment of young, rapidly growing swine with pGH stimulated growth performance without affecting animal health or inducing the production of GH antibodies. 相似文献
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以紫花苜蓿品种甘农3号(G3)、和田(HT)、陇东(LD)为材料,研究不同种类和不同浓度的生长调节剂吲哚丁酸(IBA)、萘乙酸(NAA)、生根粉(ABT)对苜蓿微扦插试管苗生长的影响。结果表明,0.2mg/L NAA处理下的G3紫花苜蓿试管苗生根率达100%,且具有较高的生根数(8),最大根长(17.5cm),株高和叶片数也显著高于对照和其他处理(P0.05);0.1mg/L NAA处理下的和田紫花苜蓿试管苗的根系生长状况明显优于其他处理,生根率为100%,具有较高的生根数(7),最大根长(29.6cm),株高和叶片数也显著高于对照和其他处理(P0.05);0.2mg/L NAA处理下的陇东紫花苜蓿试管苗的根系生长情况明显优于其他处理,生根率100%,并具有较高的生根数(7),最大根长(10.2cm),株高和叶片数也显著高于对照和其他处理(P0.05)。因此,在设置的浓度梯度下,甘农3号和陇东紫花苜蓿微扦插试管苗生长的最适生长调节剂及其浓度是0.2mg/L NAA,适于和田紫花苜蓿的是0.1mg/L NAA。 相似文献
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T L Auchtung E E Connor S M Barao L W Douglass G E Dahl 《Journal of animal science》2001,79(6):1566-1572
The response of GH to GHRH at weaning is known to predict postweaning growth and body composition in beef bulls. The objective of this study was to determine whether GH response to a challenge of GHRH and plasma IGF-I can predict growth rate and body composition in the beef heifer. Growth hormone response to a challenge with two doses of GHRH was measured in 67 Angus heifers averaging 225 d of age (SD = 21) and 217 kg BW (SD = 32). Blood samples were collected at 0 and 10 min relative to an initial "clearance dose" (4.5 micrograms GHRH/100 kg BW) and again, 3 h later, relative to a challenge dose (1.5 or 4.5 micrograms GHRH/100 kg BW). Each animal received each of the two challenge doses, which were randomly assigned across 2 d of blood collection. Serum GH concentration was measured by RIA. Plasma was collected every 28 d during a 140-d growth test and assayed for IGF-I by RIA. Body weight was measured every 28 d and hip height was measured at weaning and at the end of a 140-d growth test. Average daily gain was calculated on d 140 of the growth test and body composition measurements were estimated by ultrasound 2 wk after completion of the growth test. Responses to the two GHRH challenges were dose-dependent (P < 0.05). Average daily gain tended to be related to GH response to the 1.5 micrograms GHRH/100 kg BW dose (R2 = 0.05; P = 0.06), but no relationship was observed at the 4.5 micrograms GHRH/100 kg BW dose (R2 = 0.00; P = 0.93). An inverse relationship (R2 = 0.06; P = 0.02) was observed between response to the 1.5 micrograms GHRH/100 kg BW dose and intramuscular fat percentage. Mean plasma IGF-I concentration was positively associated with ADG (R2 = 0.06; P < 0.01). Growth hormone response to GHRH is modestly related to body composition but not to ADG in weanling beef heifers and likely has limited use in evaluation of growth performance in replacement beef heifers. 相似文献
16.
1. The concentrations of circulating GH were low in 1‐week‐old birds (male plasma pool 30 ng/ml, female 32 ng/ml), reached a maximum at 7 weeks in male birds (142 ± 26 SEM ng/ml) or 4 weeks in females (185 ± 32 ng/ml) and then decreased to 17.3 ± 2–8 ng/ml in males and 8?7 ± 0–6 ng/ml in females at 17 weeks.
2. Significant inverse correlations between GH concentration and age or body weight were found (male, r = —0–693), female, r = —0–623).
3. In males, but not females, the weekly increase in body weight was correlated with the plasma GH concentration (r = 0–291). 相似文献
17.
为确定最适用于金桔幼果生长的植物生长调节剂种类及浓度,在金桔第二批花期后幼果膨大期,分别用4种浓度梯度的赤霉素（GA3）、6-苄氨基嘌呤（6-BA）和芸苔素（BR）对金桔果树进行喷施试验,结果表明：各处理果实的横径增加2.47%-12.21%,纵径增加6.33%-16.33%,可溶性蛋白含量增加1.07-1.87倍,过氧化物酶活性提高1.21-5.16倍,有9个处理可溶性糖含量增加,7个处理的还原糖含量提高,9个处理的果形指数增大,各处理对幼果果柄长度无显著增大。对处理后的8个相关品质指标进行主成分分析,结果表明T7(60 mg/L 6-BA)处理更有利于金桔幼果的生长。 相似文献
18.
Effect of compensatory growth on regulation of growth and lactation: response of dairy heifers to a stair-step growth pattern 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
The primary objective of this study was to improve the productive efficiency of growth via optimal use of both high fiber-low quality and high energy-high protein feeds in diets for growing dairy cattle. Twenty Holstein heifers were randomly assigned to either a control or treatment group. The control diet met the National Research Council (NRC) requirement for .45 kg/d gain, with heifers calving at 24 to 26 mo of age. The test groups were fed according to a 5-2-5-2 mo schedule in which the nutrient density was alternately 15% below or 40% above the NRC requirement. Results showed that the heifers on the test dietary regimen (compensatory growth) gained more and consumed less, resulting in significantly improved efficiency of growth (body gain/dry matter intake X 100), energy (body gain X 1,000/metabolizable energy (ME) intake) and protein utilization (body gain/protein intake X 100) in comparison to control animals (13.0 vs 7.3%; 57.9 vs 32.6 g/Mcal ME; 96.5 vs 54.2%, respectively). Marked changes in average concentration of urea-N, glucose, triglycerides, cholesterol and lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase activity in blood were seen for test heifers during the stair-step growth phase (i.e., alternating maintenance and compensatory). Evidence from this experiment suggests that the phased growth (stair-step) system offers a simple, practical and cost-effective method for raising dairy heifers. 相似文献
19.
《Domestic animal endocrinology》1997,14(2):129-132
Recent evidence clearly indicates that basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) signal transduction is essential for normal skeletal development. Here, we report that bFGF and its receptor are specifically localized in the terminal hypertrophic chondrocytes of the porcine epiphyseal growth plate, the tissue responsible for longitudinal bone growth. Similar observations were obtained with the chondrocytes immediately adjacent to resorbing blood vessels in the secondary center of ossification of the epiphysis. These results are consistent with a recent proposal that bFGF functions in coupling osteogenesis with chondrogenesis by attracting the vascular invasion of cartilage from adjacent trabecular bone. 相似文献