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1.
为探讨松鼠的系统发育关系,对东北松鼠的12S rRNA基因进行了克隆测序,序列长度为453 bp。分析表明,东北松鼠的12S rRNA基因与欧亚红松鼠的同源性为99%,与日本松鼠的同源性为98%,与日本小鼯鼠的同源性为91%,与西伯利亚花栗鼠的同源性为88%。 相似文献
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本研究针对多杀性巴氏杆菌(Pm)特异性基因kmt1,进化保守基因16S rRNA基因,以及荚膜血清型A、B、D、E和F型对应的荚膜生物合成基因hayD-hayC、bcbD、dcbF、ecbJ和fcbD,设计特异性PCR扩增引物,采用PCR方法扩增相应基因和进行序列测定,并对分离菌株进行分子鉴定和同源性分析。结果显示,来自不同地区的分离菌株均含有Pm种特异性基因kmt1、A型荚膜生物合成基因hayD-hayC和16S rRNA基因。不同地区的分离株,kmt1基因的同源性为100%;A型荚膜生物合成基因hayD-hayC同源性大于99.9%;与国外牛源分离株的hayD-hayC基因的同源性大于98%;不同地区分离株的16S rRNA基因的同源性为100%,而与英国牛源分离株Pm338的16S rRNA基因的同源性高达99.93%。这些结果表明,在我国6个省市流行的牛出血性败血症由同一来源的荚膜血清A型多杀性巴氏杆菌所致,与英国牛源A型分离株Pm338具有共同的进化来源。 相似文献
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本研究对青藏高原地区青海猪鼻支原体分离株(Mhr-QH1)进行了Mhr-p37基因的克隆鉴定及测序分析,并利用Mhr-16S rRNA基因与Gen Bank中相关菌株基因进行了基因同源性比较和遗传进化分析。Mhr-p37基因和16S基因PCR扩增测序结果显示,获得核苷酸序列长度分别为346bp和1500bp,Mhr-QH1-p37基因核苷酸序列与中国株、法国株和美国株的同源性达到100%;同样16S rRNA基因与巴西分离株的16S rRNA基因同源性也为100%,与日本、瑞典和美国分离株的同源性为99%。进化树分析发现:Mhr-QH1分离株与巴西株聚为组成一个微小分支,与美国株和巴西株共聚为同一个大支上,并与其他Mycoplasma spp.种系进化距离较远。因此,本研究对青海猪鼻支原体菌株的Mhr-p37基因序列和蛋白氨基酸序列分析,及16S rRNA基因系统进化研究的结果,有望为我国猪鼻支原体病的分子流行病学调查提供一定的数据参考,同时提示猪场搞好饲养管理是预防本病的关键。 相似文献
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[目的]为鉴定引发某养殖场水貂死亡的主要致病菌。[方法]从送检病貂获取的两株优势菌进行形态学和培养特征观察、生化试验、细菌16S-23S rRNA ISR基因的PCR鉴定、药物敏感试验、致病性试验。[结果]16S-23S rRNA ISR基因的PCR序列分析显示两分离株与已知的Kpn相应序列的同源性为99.9%。药物敏感试验表明分离菌株对阿米卡星、头孢曲松、头孢他啶高度敏感。致病性试验表明两菌株对小鼠均有较强的致病性,半数致死量分别为4.9×106cfu/mL、3.1×106cfu/mL。[结论]确诊分离到的两株优势菌是肺炎克雷伯菌,且该菌是导致水貂死亡的主要致病菌。 相似文献
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水貂黑素皮质素受体-4基因部分序列的克隆测序 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
对水貂黑素皮质素受体-4(MC4R)基因进行了克隆和序列分析,以期为进一步开展水貂MC4R基因与其肥胖性状的相关分析及基因定位等研究提供理论基础。首先采用特定引物对水貂MC4R基因进行PCR扩增、克隆和测序,然后用DNAMAN软件拼接MC4R基因全序列,并进行序列的同源性分析。试验获得水貂MC4R基因序列816 bp。水貂MC4R基因序列与同一种属的水獭的同源性最高,达96%,而与犬、狐、大熊猫、河马、野猪、山羊、人及小鼠这些哺乳动物的同源性在89%～95%之间,另外,与贝加尔湖海豹和加州海狮的同源性也较高,均为94%。本研究成功克隆了水貂的MC4R基因,结果表明,其在物种间具有较高的保守性。 相似文献
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为了探讨鸭疫里默氏杆菌(Riemerella anatipestifer, RA)云南流行株的外膜蛋白A (OmpA)的基因序列差异及其与16S rRNA序列的相关性,PCR扩增18株云南流行株鸭疫里默氏杆菌OmpA基因及16S rRNA核苷酸序列,分别构建其系统进化树,分析其系统进化关系。结果表明,18株鸭疫里默氏杆菌OmpA基因分为2个群,其同源性分别为86%~99.2%和92.6%~100%。18株鸭疫里默氏杆菌16S rRNA基因同属1个群,同源性高达96.1%~100%。 RA-1、RA-2、RA-11和RA-39 4株分离株的OmpA基因位于进化树的同一个亚群,其16S rRNA基因也位于进化树的同一亚群,两者呈现出明显的相关关系,其他14株分离株的OmpA基因系统进化树与16S rRNA基因系统进化树无明显的相关关系。 相似文献
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《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2015,(5)
为了研究牛、羊、鸡、猪四种主要肉类物种16S rRNA基因序列之间的差异及进化关系,进而为餐饮市场肉类的鉴定建立方法基础,试验合成了1对16S rRNA基因通用引物,通过PCR方法扩增了牛、羊、鸡、猪四种动物肌肉组织的16S rRNA基因并进行了序列和进化树分析。结果表明:所采用的PCR扩增体系和条件均能很好地扩增出四种动物的16S rRNA基因;与Gen Bank中各自对应物种的标准序列均具有99%以上的同源性,同源性较高;序列间富含174个位点的差异或插入缺失,同源性较低。在物种进化关系上牛、羊最近,其次是猪,最后是鸡。表明16S rRNA基因种属特异性显著,可以作为基因条形码的候选基因,可利用该基因建立相应的分子诊断方法,用于对肌肉组织进行物种的鉴定。 相似文献
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根据GenBank发表的序列,应用DNAstart分析软件设计并合成一对引物用于扩增水貂α干扰素（IFN-α）基因,从病死水貂的脾脏中提取总RNA,RT-PCR扩增水貂α干扰素基因,获得了约564bp片段,将其克隆到pEasy-T1载体中,进行序列分析,证实该基因是水貂α干扰素基因。将测序结果与GenBank发表的水貂的IFN-α基因序列进行比较,核苷酸序列同源性为94.3%～95.5%,氨基酸序列同源性为89.3%～91.4%。同时将核苷酸序列、氨基酸序列与其他几种犬科动物进行遗传进化分析,其同源性分别在78.1%～99.3%之间和69.4%～100.0%之间。 相似文献
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Sobrino R Cabezón O Millán J Pabón M Arnal MC Luco DF Gortázar C Dubey JP Almeria S 《Veterinary parasitology》2007,148(3-4):187-192
Serum samples from 282 wild carnivores from different regions of Spain were tested for antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii by the modified agglutination test using a cut-off value of 1:25. Antibodies to T. gondii were found in 22 of 27 (81.5%) of Iberian lynx (Lynx pardinus), 3 of 6 European wildcats (Felis silvestris), 66 of 102 (64.7%) red foxes (Vulpes vulpes), 15 of 32 (46.9%) wolves (Canis lupus), 26 of 37 (70.3%) Eurasian badgers (Meles meles), 17 of 20 (85.0%) stone martens (Martes foina), 4 of 4 pine martens (Martes martes), 6 of 6 Eurasian otters (Lutra lutra), 4 of 4 polecats (Mustela putorius), 1 of 1 ferret (Mustela putorius furo), 13 of 21 (61.9%) European genets (Genetta genetta), and 13 of 22 (59.1%) Egyptian mongooses (Herpestes ichneumon). Serological results indicated a widespread exposure to T. gondii among wild carnivores in Spain. The high T. gondii seroprevalence in Iberian lynx and the European wildcat reported here may be of epidemiologic significance because seropositive cats might have shed oocysts. 相似文献
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Fourteen of 27 American mink (Mustela vison) trapped in the upper Thames region were positive for anti-Aleutian disease antibodies. This demonstration of the occurrence of this viral disease in a feral American mink population suggests that it could threaten populations of at least two protected mustelids, the otter (Lutra lutra) and the polecat (Mustela putorius), and may also play a role in the apparent decline of local mink populations in Britain. 相似文献
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Schmidbauer SM Wohlsein P Kirpal G Beineke A Müller G Müller H Moser I Baumgartner W 《The Veterinary record》2007,161(9):304-307
An outbreak of tuberculosis due to Mycobacterium bovis occurred in a wild animal park. Three pot-bellied pigs (Sus scrofa vittatus), one red deer (Cervus elaphus), one buffalo (Bison bonasus) and two European lynxes (Lynx lynx) were affected and showed clinical signs including weight loss, enlarged lymph nodes and paralysis of the hindlimbs. Postmortem examinations revealed multifocal granulomatous lesions in various organs, including the lymph nodes, lungs, intestines, kidneys and the central nervous system. Acid-fast organisms were demonstrated in various organs histologically and bacteriologically. Spoligotyping of 17 isolates from various organs of the affected animals confirmed an infection by M bovis and revealed an identical pattern indicating a common origin. The spoligotype was different from the pattern of M bovis recorded in the cattle population in Germany between 2000 and 2006. Investigations of sentinel animals such as an aged silver fox (Vulpes vulpes), a badger (Meles meles), a ferret (Mustela putorius) and rodents, and tuberculin skin tests of the animal attendants and randomly collected faecal samples from the enclosures were all negative for M bovis. 相似文献
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根据GenBank中公布的雪貂(登录号:EF405957)、大熊猫(登录号:XM_002930310)、家犬(登录号:CFU42219)及猫(登录号:AY959314)的酪氨酸酶(tyrosinase, TYR)基因DNA序列保守区域,设计1对特异性引物,利用PCR及克隆技术测定了短毛黑水貂、红眼白水貂和米黄色水貂的TYR基因外显子1部分序列,并对该序列进行了BLAST鉴定及变异位点分析,基于该基因编码氨基酸序列构建了16个物种的系统进化树。结果表明,测定的3种毛色水貂TYR基因序列长度均为796 bp,包括795 bp的外显子1和1 bp 5'UTR,共检测到5个单一突变位点:g.A34G、g.T138A、g.T248C、g.A545G和g.C765A,包含4个错义突变:g.A34G(p.Ser12Gly)、g.T248C(p.Val83Ala)、g.A545G(p.Tyr182Cys)和g.C765A(p.His255Gln),1个移码突变分别出现在短毛黑水貂和红眼白水貂个体间:g.T138A(p.Cys46*),获得TYR基因GenBank登录号分别为:短毛黑水貂(KJ198847)、红眼白水貂(KJ658343)和米黄色水貂(KJ152769)。水貂与雪貂、大熊猫、家犬、猫、家兔、猪、羊驼、山羊、绵羊、牛、人、猕猴、黑猩猩、原鸡和日本鹌鹑的TYR基因核苷酸序列同源性为72.8%～98.6%,相应氨基酸序列同源性为75.0%～98.1%。TYR基因分子进化树显示水貂与雪貂遗传关系最近,分化时间约为1000万年前,且与原鸡和日本鹌鹑亲缘关系最远。该结果为进一步开展TYR基因多态性与水貂毛色表型的相关性研究奠定了生物信息学基础。 相似文献
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Sobrino R Dubey JP Pabón M Linarez N Kwok OC Millán J Arnal MC Luco DF López-Gatius F Thulliez P Gortázar C Almería S 《Veterinary parasitology》2008,155(3-4):190-197
Serum samples from 251 wild carnivores from different regions of Spain were tested for antibodies to Neospora caninum by the commercial competitive screening enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (c-ELISA) and confirmed by Neospora agglutination test (NAT) and/or by indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT). Samples with antibodies detected by at least two serological tests were considered seropositive. Antibodies to N. caninum were found in 3.2% of 95 red foxes (Vulpes vulpes); in 21.4% of 28 wolves (Canis lupus); in 12.0% of 25 Iberian lynx (Lynx pardinus); in 16.7% of 6 European wildcats (Felis silvestris); in 6.4% of 31 Eurasian badgers (Meles meles); in 21.4% of 14 stone martens (Martes foina); in 66.7% of 3 pine martens (M. martes) and in 50% of 2 polecats (Mustela putorius). Antibodies to N. caninum in common genets (Genetta genetta) and Egyptian mongooses (Herpestes ichneumon) were only observed by c-ELISA but were not confirmed by IFAT and/or NAT. No antibodies were detected in 5 Eurasian otters (Lutra lutra) by any technique. Statistically significant differences were observed among species and among geographical areas. The highest seroprevalence of N. caninum infection was observed in the Cantabric Coastal region characterized by high humidity. To our knowledge, this is the first report of antibodies to N. caninum in free ranging wild carnivores, other than wild canids, in Europe. The existence of a possible sylvatic cycle could have important implications in both sylvatic and domestic cycles since they might influence the prevalence of infection in cattle farms in those areas. 相似文献
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A survey was carried out to investigate the presence of cranial helminths in 337 American minks (Mustela vison) from Spain. This information was obtained partly in order to evaluate potential conservation problems and sanitary risks to the congeneric European mink (Mustela lutreola), one of the most endangered carnivores in the world. Skulls and rectal faeces of each specimen were simultaneously analysed. Troglotrema acutum and Skrjabingylus nasicola were found in 5.6% of the M. vison analysed. No cranial lesions were seen in any of the examined skulls. The finding of both helminths in Spanish free-living M. vison specimens enlarges their natural definitive host spectrum in Western Europe. One relatively important focus of T. acutum in M. vison was detected (30.4%) in the Spanish Alava province while S. nasicola was found to be very infrequent. The suitability of both analytical methods was assessed in order to know to what degree coprological analysis reflects the real prevalence of cranial helminths in this host. It is possible to conclude that coprological analysis can be used instead of necropsies to analyse the possible incidence of pathogenic cranial helminths in mustelids. This aspect is very important and useful when trying to analyse the helminthological status of endangered species such as the native mink (M. lutreola) particularly in areas where both congeneric species are present and strict competition occurs. 相似文献
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The distribution of gross lesions of Mycobacterium bovis was examined in 94 tuberculous feral ferrets (Mustela furo) collected from 1992 to 1995 from areas of Otago endemic for bovine tuberculosis. Overall, 56.4% of tuberculous ferrets had single-site lesions, 24.5% had multiple infections and 19.1% had generalised infections. The mesenteric lymph node was the most common site of infection (34.5% of all lesions), with the retropharyngeal (17%) and the prescapular lymph nodes (16.4%) also frequently infected. Only 2.9% of lesions involved the respiratory tract. Of single-site lesions, 60.4% were in the mesenteric lymph node. The high proportion of lesions in the alimentary tract suggests that the ingestion of infectious material, possibly carrion or prey, is an important source of infection. Peripheral lymph nodes contributed to 24.5% of all infections, suggesting that within species transmission by social contact such as fighting and mating also occurs. Open and respiratory lesions were found in 11.7% of tuberculous ferrets, which suggests that ferrets are potentially infectious and therefore may be involved in the transmission of bovine tuberculosis to domestic stock and other mammals. The distribution of gross M. bovis lesions in ferrets is compared to those observed in possums (Trichosurus vulpecula) and badgers (Meles meles). 相似文献
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H Sato T Inaba Y Ihama H Kamiya 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》1999,61(9):1023-1026
In the winter of 1997-1998, we collected parasitological data from 60 wild carnivora in the north-western part of Tohoku region, Japan. These included 7 foxes (Vulpes vulpes japonica), 20 raccoon dogs (Nyctereutes procyonoides viverrinus), 29 martens (Martes melampus melampus), 3 weasels (two Mustela sibirica itatsi and one M. nivalis namiyei), and one Japanese badger (Meles meles anakuma). Roundworms (Toxocara canis in foxes and Toxocara tanuki in raccoon dogs), hookworms (Ancylostoma kusimaense and Arthrostoma miyazakiense) and Molineus sp. in the small intestine were the most prevalent in foxes and raccoon dogs. In martens, Aonchotheca putorii in the stomach, Concinnum ten in the pancreatic duct, Molineus sp. and Euryhelmis costaricensis in the small intestine were the most prevalent. Collected parasites include some new helminth species for this region or Japan; the strobilar stage of Taenia polyacantha from foxes, Pygidliopsis summa from a raccoon dog, Eucoleus aerophilus, A. putorii, and Soholiphyme baturini from martens. 相似文献
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P Wohlsein B Bauder E S Kuttin L Kaufman F Seeliger M von Keyserlingk 《DTW. Deutsche tier?rztliche Wochenschrift》2001,108(6):273-276
An infection with Histoplasma capsulatum was diagnosed in two wild badgers (Meles meles) in northern Germany, which was predominantly localized in the skin and the regional lymph nodes. The yeast-like fungi were identified in tissue sections using histological and immunohistological methods. 相似文献
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Javier Del Angel-Caraza Orlando Chávez-Moreno Sergio García-Navarro Carlos Pérez-García 《Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation》2008,20(5):682-683
Urolithiasis has been reported in veterinary literature in some species of the Mustelidae family, including ferrets. In this species, the most common form of urolithiasis is that caused by struvite. The current study examined the case of mixed urolith in an 8-month-old female ferret (Mustela putorius furo) with antecedents of strangury and hematuria. A cystotomy was carried out to remove the urolith, which had a rough surface and a homogeneously porous interior and was formed by a mixture of struvite (60%) and calcium oxalate dehydrated (40%). 相似文献