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1.
《国外畜牧学(猪与禽)》2021,41(5)
为探讨饲料中添加中草药艾叶对鸡生产性能的影响,本试验选择临洮县洮阳镇某规模化鸡场三黄鸡60羽,随机分为两组,对照组肉鸡饲喂不添加艾叶的市售肉鸡饲料即基础饲料,试验组肉鸡饲喂在基础饲料中添加1%艾叶后形成的试验饲料,对比两组肉鸡的生产性能。结果显示,两组肉鸡在试验开始时体重差异不显著(P 0.05),试验结束后,试验组肉鸡的末重、平均日增重明显高于对照组肉鸡的,平均日采食量和饲料转化率明显低于对照组肉鸡的,组间差异具有统计学意义(P 0.05)。 相似文献
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为了研究中草药添加剂对雏鸡新城疫免疫效果及抗病力的影响,试验选择健康雏鸡400只,随机分为2组,每组200只,试验组从1日龄开始将1%中草药添加到雏鸡饲料中混匀饲喂,连喂50 d;对照组不添加任何物质正常饲喂雏鸡饲料。7日龄时所有鸡只免疫新城疫Ⅳ系弱毒疫苗,分别在14日龄和25日龄时测定血清中免疫球蛋白含量并进行血凝抑制试验,30日龄时进行攻毒试验,测定发病率、死亡率、保护率和血清抗体效价。结果表明:14日龄和25日龄时,试验组血清IgG、IgM含量均显著高于对照组(P0.05);血清IgA含量组间差异不显著(P0.05);14日龄时试验组新城疫抗体效价略高于对照组(P0.05),25日龄时试验组显著高于对照组(P0.05);试验组的发病率、死亡率极显著低于对照组(P0.01);试验组免疫保护率达99%,极显著高于对照组(P0.01)。说明中草药添加剂有明显提高雏鸡免疫球蛋白含量和促进新城疫抗体形成的作用,降低发病率和死亡率,提高免疫保护率,有利于提高鸡新城疫疫苗的免疫保护力和鸡的抗病力。 相似文献
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《中国畜牧杂志》2017,(8)
为研究复方中草药添加剂对肉鸡肌肉生长发育的影响,试验选用健康1日龄AA(Arbor Acres)肉鸡400羽,随机分成4组,每组5个重复,每个重复20只。对照组饲喂玉米-豆粕型基础日粮,试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ和Ⅲ组分别在基础日粮中添加0.5%、1.0%和1.5%的复方中草药添加剂,试验期42 d。在21、42日龄时将肉鸡称重屠宰,分离胸肌和腿肌进行称重并计算胸肌率和腿肌率,取适量肌肉组织进行肌纤维直径测定和组织切片制作。结果表明:与对照组相比,21日龄时,各试验组肉鸡的平均体重、平均日增重、肌肉重量与肌肉率无显著变化(P0.05),而1.0%组肉鸡的腿肌纤维直径显著降低(P0.05),平均日采食量和耗料增比有所降低;42日龄时,0.5%组肉鸡的平均体重和平均日增重升高(P0.05),平均日采食量和耗料增比降低,其肌肉发育最好,胸肌肌肉率显著提高(P0.05),胸肌纤维直径显著降低(P0.05)。以上结果表明,饲料中添加0.5%和1.0%复方中草药添加剂可以促进肉鸡肌肉发育,提高肌肉率,降低肌纤维直径,改善其组织结构。 相似文献
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《饲料工业》2015,(1)
为研究新型生物饲料添加剂群体感应N-乙酰基高丝氨酸内酯酶(淬灭素)对肉仔鸡生产性能的影响,采用单因素随机设计,选择健康、体重接近的肉仔鸡256只,随机分成2个处理,每个处理8个重复,每个重复16只,试验周期42 d。结果表明试验组肉鸡在1~21日龄饲喂淬灭素组肉仔鸡比对照组料肉比显著降低了0.05(P0.01);试验组肉鸡在22~42日龄添加淬灭素组比对照组料肉比降低了0.04;试验组肉鸡1~42日龄肉鸡日增重比对照组平均值提高2.23 g,日增重提高3.37%(P0.05),饲喂淬灭素组比对照组料肉比显著降低0.04(P0.05),1~42日龄肉鸡试验组饲料转化率提高2.30%。试验结果表明,在本试验条件下在肉鸡饲料中添加500 g/t N-乙酰基高丝氨酸内酯酶可以提高肉仔鸡饲料转化率和日增重。 相似文献
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本试验旨在研究抗菌肽和中草药添加剂对肉鸡生长性能、血清生化指标和肠道形态的影响。选用600只体重相近的10日龄麻黄肉鸡作为试验动物,随机分成4个组,分别为对照组(饲喂基础饲粮)、抗菌肽组(饲喂基础饲粮+200 mg/kg抗菌肽)、中草药组(饲喂基础饲粮+200 mg/kg中草药添加剂)和抗菌肽+中草药组(饲喂基础饲粮+200 mg/kg抗菌肽和200 mg/kg中草药添加剂),每组6个重复,每个重复25只鸡。试验期47 d。结果表明:1)与对照组相比,10~21日龄,抗菌肽组和抗菌肽+中草药组肉鸡10~21日龄平均日采食量显著提高(P<0.05);22~43日龄,抗菌肽组和中草药组肉鸡平均日增重显著提高(P<0.05),试验组平均日采食量和料重比均显著降低(P<0.05),但抗菌肽+中草药组死亡率显著提高(P<0.05);44~56日龄,抗菌肽组和中草药组肉鸡平均日采食量和平均日增重显著提高(P<0.05),料重比显著降低(P <0.05),而抗菌肽+中草药组肉鸡平均日采食量显著降低(P<0.05),死亡率显著提高(P<0.05)。2)与对照组相比,抗菌肽组肉鸡血清球蛋白含量显著提高(P<0.05),试验组血清丙二醛和D-乳酸含量显著降低(P<0.05)。3)与对照组相比,抗菌肽组肉鸡十二指肠绒毛高度和绒毛高度/隐窝深度值显著提高(P<0.05),中草药组和抗菌肽+中草药组十二指肠绒毛高度显著提高(P<0.05);抗菌肽+中草药组空肠绒毛高度和绒毛高度/隐窝深度值显著降低(P<0.05),回肠绒毛高度和隐窝深度显著降低(P<0.05),回肠绒毛高度/隐窝深度值显著提高(P<0.05)。综上所述,饲粮添加200 mg/kg抗菌肽或中草药添加剂可以显著提高22~56日龄麻黄肉鸡生长性能,降低血清D-乳酸含量,同时改善小肠形态结构,但两者不宜混合使用。 相似文献
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中草药对香豚猪母猪的哺乳与繁殖性能的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
香豚猪原是我国少数民族地区珍贵的微型地方猪种,由于其特殊的生存环境和生理特点,限制了其扩繁,本试验研究采用中草药饲料添加剂饲养香豚母猪,结果表明中草药饲料添加剂对香豚母猪繁殖性能有很好的促进作用,与对照组相比,添加中药制剂试验组母猪的采食量增多,与空白对照组差异极显著(P≤0.01);中草药饲料添加剂试验组母猪的泌乳力与空白对照组差异极显著(P≤0.01);中草药饲料添加剂组香豚母猪产活仔数与空白对照组差异显著(P≤0.05),中草药饲料添加剂组与抗生组比空白对照组约提早1.5 d发情,差异显著(P≤0.05);创造了很好的经济效益和社会效益。由此可见,因地制宜,采用中草药饲料添加剂对香豚猪扩繁和饲养是一可行性途径。 相似文献
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为了进一步探讨饲料中添加艾叶对肉鸡生产性能影响,本研究选取卓尼县某规模化肉鸡养殖场中日龄相同的60羽三黄肉鸡为研究对象,按照随机原则将其划分成试验组和对照组,对照组肉鸡采用常规市售的饲料开展饲喂,试验组肉鸡在常规饲料基础上添加1%艾叶,对比试验之后两组肉鸡的生产性能。研究结果表明：试验结束后,试验组肉鸡体重平均日增重显著优于对照组,平均日采食量和饲料转化率显著低于对照组,组间对比差异有统计学意义（P <0.05）。对鸡群进行屠宰后发现,肉鸡活重、屠宰重、半净膛率、全净膛率均显著优于对照组（P <0.05）。由此可以得知,通过在饲料中添加艾叶等中草药添加剂有利于提高肉鸡的生产性能,具有潜在的养殖经济价值,值得在鸡养殖中推广。 相似文献
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中草药饲料添加剂“三黄散”对AA肉鸡生产性能的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为评定中草药饲料添加剂"三黄散"对AA肉鸡生产性能的影响,本研究选用1日龄AA肉鸡300只,随机分成2组,每组设3个重复,每重复50只。第一组为对照组,基础日粮+50 mg/kg土霉素;第二组为试验组,基础日粮+1%中草药饲料添加剂"三黄散"。饲养期为49 d。结果表明:与对照组相比,试验组日增重效果差异不显著(P>0.05),饲料转化率差异不显著(P>0.05),成活率提高1.20%,差异不显著(P>0.05)。 相似文献
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<正> 为了探索中草药饲料添加剂在肉鸡饲养上的应用,我们从辽宁铁岭及四川购入两种不同类型的肉鸡用中草药添加剂进行了为期两个月的饲喂对比试验,情况如下: 1.材料和方法 1.1 试鸡处理选用艾维茵肉鸡雏300只,随机分成三组,Ⅰ、Ⅱ、组为试验组,另一组为对照组。经检验,各组体重差异不显著(P>0.05)。 1.2 日粮设计各组基础日粮均按美国NRC标准设计。微量元素添加部分:Ⅰ组用四川金鸡牌鸡用中草药添加剂,Ⅱ组用辽宁铁岭的猴石牌中草药添加剂,对照组用江苏产微量元素,各组 相似文献
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本文研究了熊猫源枯草芽孢杆菌DXM-01对肉鸡生长性能和经济效益的影响。选用90羽7日龄的肉仔鸡随机分成3个处理组,每个处理设3个重复。对照组饲喂基础日粮,抗生素组饲喂基础日粮加0.05%的硫酸新霉素制剂,试验组饲喂基础日粮加0.1%制剂。试验期35d。结果表明,试验组肉鸡的末期平均体重、净增重和日增重均高于空白对照组,差异显著(P0.05),但均比抗生素组低,差异不显著(P0.05)。试验组鸡的平均采食量均略高于两对照组(P0.05),试验组的饲料转化率较空白对照组提高3.14%,比抗生素组低1.59%(P0.05)。经济效益分析,试验组比空白对照组减少净增重耗料成本0.148元/kg,相对经济效益提高3.48%;比抗生素组减少净增重耗料成本0.083元/kg,相对经济效益提高1.98%。试验组肉鸡胴体品质的各项指标与两对照组相比,除了腿肌率有显著性的差异外(P0.05),其余各项指标均无明显差异(P0.05)。试验组鸡肌肉氨基酸总量、必需氨基酸和鲜味氨基酸含量均高于两对照组。表明在较高的营养水平条件下添加本制剂对肉鸡生长具有一定的促进作用,能取得较好的饲料转化效率和经济效益,可以在整个肉鸡饲养期间替代抗生素添加剂;同时表明本菌株对肉鸡胴体和鸡肉品质不但没有不良的影响,而且可增加鸡肉氨基酸总量、必需氨基酸和鲜味氨基酸的含量。 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献
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乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物.本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制.乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道.文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分(表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖)与肠道受体(C型凝集素受体、Toll样受体和Nod样受体),阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制. 相似文献
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Billinghurst RC Brama PA van Weeren PR Knowlton MS McIlwraith CW 《American journal of veterinary research》2004,65(2):143-150
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether serum concentrations of biomarkers of skeletal metabolism can, in conjunction with radiographic evaluation, indicate severity of osteochondrosis in developing horses. ANIMALS: 43 Dutch Warmblood foals with varying severity of osteochondrosis. PROCEDURE: 24 foals were monitored for 5 months and 19 foals were monitored for 11 months. Monthly radiographs of femoropatellar-femorotibial and tibio-tarsal joints were graded for osteochondral abnormalities. Serial blood samples were assayed for 8 cartilage and bone biomarkers. At the end of the monitoring period, foals were examined for macroscopic osteochondrosis lesions. RESULTS: Temporal relationships were evident between certain serum biomarkers and osteochondrosis severity in foals during their first year. Biomarkers of collagen degradation (collagenase-generated neoepitopes of type-II collagen fragments, type-I and -II collagen fragments [COL2-3/4C(short)], and cross-linked telopeptide fragments of type-I collagen) and bone mineralization (osteocalcin) were positive indicators of osteochondrosis severity at 5 months of age. In foals with lesions at 11 months of age, osteochondrosis severity correlated negatively with COL2-3/4C(short) and osteocalcin and positively with C-propeptide of type-II procollagen (CPII), a collagen synthesis marker. Radiographic grading of osteochondrosis lesions significantly correlated with macroscopic osteochondrosis severity score at both ages and was strongest when combined with osteocalcin at 5 months and CPII at 11 months. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The ability of serum biomarkers to indicate osteochondrosis severity appears to depend on stage of disease and is strengthened with radiography. In older foals with more permanent lesions, osteochondrosis severity is significantly related to biomarker concentrations of decreased bone formation and increased cartilage synthesis. 相似文献