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1.
通过单因素试验和正交试验,研究澳洲坚果乳饮料的加工工艺。结果表明,澳洲坚果乳饮料最佳调配工艺为加水量9倍,打浆温度80℃,均质压力35 MPa,均质温度80℃,杀菌时间20 min。在此工艺条件下,澳洲坚果乳饮料的最佳风味配方是澳洲坚果添加量5%,白砂糖添加量4%,蛋白糖添加量0.2‰,阿斯巴甜添加量0.05‰。  相似文献   

2.
海带发酵饮料加工工艺的研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
以海带为主要原料,经乳酸发酵,再经调配、杀菌、灌装等工艺得到海带发酵饮料。试验表明,海带发酵的最佳条件为:乳酸菌接种量为6%,发酵温度为39℃,发酵时间为12h;海带发酵饮料的最佳配方为:海带发酵原汁50%、柠檬酸0.08%、白砂糖2%。  相似文献   

3.
以百香果、纯牛奶为原料,研制出百香果汁发酵乳饮料,通过单因素试验和正交试验的方法,研究了百香果汁发酵乳饮料的生产工艺配方。结果表明,最佳工艺配方为发酵乳用量60 g,百香果汁用量50 m L,白砂糖添加量8%,稳定剂添加量0.20%。  相似文献   

4.
为延长贻贝货架期并保持其鲜品的风味,以枸杞岛厚壳贻贝为原料,开发原汁整壳真空包装贻贝产品。在单因素试验的基础上,通过正交试验优化原汁整壳真空包装贻贝加工工艺,制定包装与杀菌参数,并对产品品质进行分析。结果表明,最佳脱腥调味工艺为预煮75 s,白砂糖添加量2%,食盐添加量6%,味精添加量0.5%;真空包装条件为抽真空时间9 s,热封温度160℃,热封时间3 s,袋内真空度为-0.1 MPa;杀菌参数为110℃、30 s蒸汽式杀菌。在此工艺条件下制得的产品在-18℃经6个月的保存后,与鲜贻贝比较,在感官及理化指标上无显著差异,微生物指标达到国家食品安全标准。  相似文献   

5.
针对发酵型含乳饮料的工业化生产工艺及配方进行研究,以产品的稳定性及感官评分为指标(确定发酵乳二次调配工艺为冷热调配,两级均质,确定发酵型含乳饮料最佳的稳定剂为CMC复配稳定剂)。在前期试验结果的基础上,对甜味剂甜度、混合酸添加量、稳定剂添加量、香精添加量进行四因素三水平正交试验,确定发酵型含乳饮料的最优配方是甜味剂甜度8%(白砂糖4.8%,安赛蜜0.01%,阿斯巴甜0.006%),混合酸添加量0.19%,CMC复配稳定剂添加量0.5%,香精添加量为0.05%爱普+0.05%丹尼斯克。  相似文献   

6.
为了探讨西瓜果酒发酵的最佳工艺参数,在单因素试验的基础上,以发酵温度、发酵时间、含糖量和菌种添加量为试验因子,以发酵液中酒精度为响应值,采用4因素3水平的响应面分析法进行试验。结果表明,各因素对西瓜汁果酒发酵的影响排序为:发酵温度>含糖量>接种量>发酵时间,各因素之间的交互作用对西瓜汁果酒发酵的影响并不是简单的线性关系。西瓜汁果酒发酵的最佳工艺为:发酵温度32.1℃,发酵时间6.4 d,含糖量21.4%,接种量为3.5%,发酵液中酒精的理论值为7.24%,验证值为7.15%,与模型预测值基本相符。  相似文献   

7.
以蒲公英根为原料,研究开发一款新型的类大麦茶风味蒲公英保健饮料。采用单因素试验确定蒲公英原汁的制备工艺,以白砂糖、柠檬酸、稳定剂等为添加剂进行调配,通过正交试验优化法确定最佳饮料配方;测定蒲公英原汁中的功能成分多糖的含量,并对饮料的品质指标进行评价。结果表明,采用粉碎程度为最粗粉的蒲公英根原料,按料液比1∶30,煎煮1.5h制得蒲公英原汁,此时多糖含量和类大麦茶风味最佳,多糖含量为8.5 mg/100 m L;正交试验优化最佳饮料配方原汁添加量40%,白砂糖添加量8%,柠檬酸添加量0.1%,稳定剂添加量0.1%加水混合,成品汤色棕橙、通透明亮、清香甘甜,富有类大麦茶风味,各项质量指标符合国家标准。  相似文献   

8.
以山药、核桃、全脂乳粉为主要原料,开发出一种新型的乳饮料,并对其加工工艺、稳定剂配方进行探讨。结果表明,山药核桃乳饮料的最佳工艺配方为山药汁添加量25%,核桃汁添加量15%,全脂乳粉添加量8%,白砂糖添加量10%;最优稳定剂配比为CMC-Na添加量0.10%,卡拉胶添加量0.09%,黄原胶添加量0.08%,单甘酯添加量0.20%。该产品口感细腻、风味独特、营养丰富。  相似文献   

9.
时培宁  李勇  汤薇  谢倩 《保鲜与加工》2019,19(6):170-174
以洋姜、白砂糖、食盐、白酒为原辅料,通过单因素试验、正交试验及保温试验筛选洋姜酱加工工艺。结果表明,洋姜酱在真空0.09 MPa的条件下浓缩的最佳温度为60℃,最佳浓缩时间为50 min;洋姜酱的最佳发酵时间为66 h;确定复合抗氧化剂的配方为:VC添加量0.10%,柠檬酸添加量0.8%,氯化钙添加量0.4%,在此条件下,洋姜酱的抗褐变能力最佳;发酵前洋姜酱配料添加的最佳配方为:食盐添加量5%,白砂糖添加量3%,白酒添加量1%,按照该配方制备的洋姜酱呈现米白色的酱体,具有洋姜发酵特有的风味,感官品质综合评分为95分。  相似文献   

10.
以椰枣、奶粉为主要原料,采用正交试验,通过乳酸菌发酵研制而成一种风味独特、酸甜可口,集营养与保健于一体的保健酸奶。以感官评分为指标,通过正交试验,确定椰枣发酵乳的最优配方,通过单因素试验和正交试验的研究确定最优工艺参数:发酵温度42℃,发酵时间4 h,椰枣汁添加量9%,接种量4%,蔗糖添加量为8%,黄原胶添加量为0.08%。  相似文献   

11.
Autotoxicity restricts reseeding of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) after alfalfa until autotoxic chemical(s) breaks down or is dispersed into external environments. A series of aqueous extracts from leaves, stems, roots and seeds of alfalfa ‘Vernal’ were bioassayed against alfalfa seedlings of the same cultivar to determine their autotoxicity. The highest inhibition was found in the extracts from the leaves. Extracts at 40 g dry tissue l?1 from alfalfa leaves were 15.4, 17.5 and 28.7 times more toxic to alfalfa root growth than were those from roots, stems and seeds, respectively. A high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis with nine standard compounds showed that the concentrations and compositions of allelopathic compounds depended on the plant parts. In leaf extracts that showed the most inhibitory effect on root growth, the highest amounts of allelochemicals were detected. Among nine phenolic compounds assayed for their phytotoxicity on root growth of alfalfa, coumarin, trans‐cinnamic acid and o‐coumaric acid at 10?3 m were most inhibitory. The type and amount of causative allelochemicals found in alfalfa plant parts were highly correlated with the results of the bioassay, indicating that the autotoxic effects of alfalfa plant parts significantly differed.  相似文献   

12.
Development of onion (Allium cepa L., cv. ‘Early Cream Gold’) seed under cool climate conditions in Tasmania, Australia occurred over a longer duration than previously reported, but similar patterns of change in yield components were recorded. In contrast to previous studies, umbel moisture content declined from 85 to 67 % over 57 days while seed moisture content decreased from 85 to 31 %. Seed yield continued to increase over the duration of crop development, with increasing seed weight compensating for seed loss resulting from capsule dehiscence in the later stages of maturation. Germination percentage was high and did not vary significantly from 53 to 77 days after full bloom (DAF), but mean germination time declined and uniformity of germination increased significantly over the same time period. The percentage abnormal seedlings declined with later harvest date, resulting in highest seed quality at 77 DAF. The results of this study suggest that the decision to harvest cool climate onion seed crops before capsule dehiscence will result in a loss of potential seed yield and quality.  相似文献   

13.
Jens Jensen 《Euphytica》1979,28(1):47-56
Summary The high-lysine gene in Risø mutant 1508 conditions an increased lysine content in the endosperm via a changed protein composition, a decreased seed size, and several other characters of the seed. The designation lys3a, lys3b, and lys3c, is proposed for the allelic high-lysine genes in three Risø mutants, nos 1508, 18, and 19. Linkage studies with translocations locate the lys3 locus in the centromere region of chromosome 7. A linkage study involving the loci lys3 and ddt (resistance to DDT) together with the marker loci fs (fragile stem), s (short rachilla hairs), and r (smooth awn) show that the order of the five loci on chromosome 7 from the long to the short chromosome arm is r, s, fs, lys3, ddt. The distance from locus r to locus ddt is about 100 centimorgans.  相似文献   

14.
[Objectives]This study aimed to establish a QAMS(quantitative analysis of multi-components by single-marker)method for simultaneous determination of four phenol...  相似文献   

15.
[Objectives]To optimize the water extraction process of Chinese Herbal Compound Man Gan Ning and establish a method for its extraction and content determination...  相似文献   

16.
Progress is being made, mainly by ICARDA but also elsewhere, in breeding for resistance to Botrytis, AScochyta, Uromyces, and Orobanche; and some lines have resistance to more than one pathogen. The strategy is to extend multiple resistance but also to seek new and durable forms of resistance. Internationally coordinated programs are needed to maintain the momentum of this work.Tolerance of abiotic stresses leads to types suited to dry or cold environments rather than broad adaptability, but in this cross-pollinated species, the more hybrid vigor expressed by a cultivar, the more it is likely to tolerate various stresses.  相似文献   

17.
T. Visser  E. H. Oost 《Euphytica》1981,30(1):65-70
Summary Apple and pear pollen was irradiated with doses of 0, 50, 100, 250 and 500 krad (gamma rays) and stored at 4°C and 0–10% r.h. From the in-vitro germination percentages an average LD 50 dose of about 220 krad was estimated. For both irradiated and untreated pollen a close and corresponding lineair relationship existed between germination percentage and pollen tube growth.Irradiated pollen was much more sensitive to dry storage conditions than untreated pollen, resulting in less germination and more bursting. Apparently, irradiation caused the pollen cell membrane to lose its flexibility faster than normal. Rehydration of dry-stored, irradiated pollen in water-saturated air restored germination percentages up to their initial levels. The importance of this procedure in germination trials is stressed.  相似文献   

18.
[Objectives] To determine the optimum extraction technology for total phenols of leaves in Acanthopanax giraldii Harms.[Methods]The single factor test and ortho...  相似文献   

19.
E. Keep 《Euphytica》1986,35(3):843-855
Summary Cytoplasmic male sterility (cms) is described in the F1 hybrids Ribes × carrierei (R. glutinosum albidum × R. nigrum) and R. sanguineum × R. nigrum. In backcrosses to R. nigrum, progenies with R. glutinosum cytoplasm were either all male sterile, or segregated for full male fertility (F) and complete (S) and partial (I) male sterility. Ratios of F:I+S suggested that two linked genes controlled cms, F plants being dominant for one (Rf 1) and recessive for the other (Rf 2).Segregation for cms in relation to three linded genes, Ce (resistance to the gall mite, Cecidophyopsis ribes), Sph 3(resistance to American gooseberry mildew, Sphaerotheca mors-uvae) and Lf 1(one of two dominant additive genes controlling early season leafing out) indicated that Rf 1and Rf 2were in this linkage group. The gene order and approximate crossover values appeared to be: % MathType!MTEF!2!1!+-% feaafiart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn% hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXafv3ySLgzGmvETj2BSbqef0uAJj3BZ9Mz0bYu% H52CGmvzYLMzaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqr1ngBPrgifHhDYfgasa% acOqpw0xe9v8qqaqFD0xXdHaVhbbf9v8qqaqFr0xc9pk0xbba9q8Wq% Ffea0-yr0RYxir-Jbba9q8aq0-yq-He9q8qqQ8frFve9Fve9Ff0dme% aabaqaciGacaGaamqadaabaeaafaaakeaacaWGdbGaamyzamaamaaa% baGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGWaGaaiOlaiaacgdacaGG0aGaaiiiaiaacc% caaaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaamOuaiaadAgaliaaigdakmaamaaa% baGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaaccdacaGGUaGaaiOmaiaacs% dacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaaaacaWGsbGaamOzaSGa% aGOmaOWaaWaaaeaacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacc% cacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccaaaGaamitaiaadAgaliaaigdakmaamaaa% baGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacc% cacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaaaaiaadofacaWGWbGaamiAaSGa% aG4maaaa!6E4D!\[Ce\underline { 0.14 } Rf1\underline { 0.24 } Rf2\underline { } Lf1\underline { } Sph3\]. Crossover values of 0.36 for Ce-Lf 1, and 0.15 for Lf 1-Sph 3were estimated from the relative mean differences in season of leafing out between seedlings dominant and recessive for Ce and Sph 3.It is suggested that competitive disadvantage of lf 1-carrying gametes and/or zygotes at low temperatures may be implicated in the almost invariable deficit of plants dominant for the closely linked mildew resistance allele Sph 3. Poor performance of lf 1- (and possibly lf 2-) carrying gametes and young zygotes during periods of low temperature at flowering might also account for the liability of some late season cultivars and selections to premature fruit drop (running off).  相似文献   

20.
Parasitic angiosperms cause great losses in many important crops under different climatic conditions and soil types. The most widespread and important parasitic angiosperms belong to the genera Orobanche, Striga, and Cuscuta. The most important economical hosts belong to the Poaceae, Asteraceae, Solanaceae, Cucurbitaceae, and Fabaceae. Although some resistant cultivars have been identified in several crops, great gaps exist in our knowledge of the parasites and the genetic basis of the resistance, as well as the availability of in vitro screening techniques. Screening techniques are based on reactions of the host root or foliage. In vitro or greenhouse screening methods based on the reaction of root and/or foliar tissues are usually superior to field screenings and can be used with many species. To utilize them in plant breeding, it is necessary to demonstrate a strong correlation between in vitro and field data. The correlation should be calculated for every environment in which selection is practiced. Using biochemical analysis as a screening technique has had limited success. The reason seems to be the complex host-parasite interactions which lead to germination, rhizotropism, infection, and growth of the parasite. Germination results from chemicals produced by the host. Resistance is only available in a small group of crops. Resistance has been found in cultivated, primitive and wild forms, depending on the specific host-parasite system. An additional problem is the existence of pathotypes in the parasites. Inheritance of host resistance is usually polygenic and its transfer is slow and tedious. Molecular techniques have yet to be used to locate resistance to parasitic angiosperms. While intensifying the search for genes that control resistance to specific parasitic angiosperms, the best strategy to screen for resistance is to improve the already existing in vitro or greenhouse screening techniques.  相似文献   

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