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1.
The extreme 5' end, the entire leader sequence of the Arvac vaccine strain, and 10 equine arteritis virus (EAV) isolates, including the ATCC Bucyrus reference strain and 5 Canadian field isolates, were determined and compared at the primary nucleotide and secondary structure levels. The leader sequence of eight EAV isolates, including the Bucyrus reference strain, and the leader sequence of the Arvac vaccine strain was determined to be 206 nt in length (not including the putative 5' cap structure-associated nucleotide) whereas those of the 86AB-A1 and 86NY-A1 isolates were found to be 205 and 207 nt in length, respectively. The sequence identity of the leader sequences, between the different isolates and the Bucyrus reference strain, ranged from 94.2 to 98.5%. Phylogenetic analysis and estimation of genetic distances, based on the leader nucleic acid sequences, showed that all EAV isolates/strains are likely to represent a large phylogenetically-related group. An AUG start codon found at position 14 in all EAV isolates/strains could initiate an open reading frame (ORF) that could produce a polypeptide of 37 amino acids, except for the 86NY-A1 isolate where the intraleader polypeptide would contain 54 amino acids. Computer-predicted RNA secondary structures were identified in the 11 EAV leader regions analyzed. All EAV isolates/strains showed 3 conserved stem-loops (designated A, B and C). An additional conserved stem-loop (D) was observed in 7 EAV isolates, including the Bucyrus reference strain. The leader region distal to stem-loop D did not contain conserved sequences or stem-loop structures common to the EAV isolates/strains.  相似文献   

2.
The authors determined partial nucleic sequences of the variable regions of open-reading frame (ORF5) from 151 nucleotide to 668 nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences of 518 nucleotide respectively of 20 equine arteritis virus (EAV) isolates. About 19 Hungarian and one Austrian EAV strains were subjected to sequence analysis, the further data of 20 EAV strains: six North American and 14 European were obtained from the GenBank. Comparative sequence analysis of the Hungarian EAV strains indicated that among the three variable regions the first has been affected mostly by point mutations. Genetic comparison of the Hungarian strains with other EAV isolates from western Europe and North America (including the Bucyrus reference strain) has been performed on the aforementioned genome region. Besides the already known genetic subgroups of EAV; phylogenetic analysis revealed a novel subgroup comprising mainly Hungarian strains. Compared with the Bucyrus virus, the overall sequence divergencies of the examined Hungarian strains ranged from 81.47 to 90.73% at nucleotide and from 84.88 to 91.86% at amino acid level. Epizootiological studies have shown that the significant part of the EAV strains having been existed in Hungary before and in 2000 belong to this unique cluster (II.D) which was not indicated in former phylogenetic studies. After 2000 new EAV strains emerged in Hungary, one of them causing abortions or neonatal death. The previously dominant 'Hungarian' EAV genotypes were replaced by these new strains belonging to North American and European subgroups (I.A, I.B, II.A, II.B). The anamnesis of these cases revealed connections with persistent virus shedder stallions, those were imported to the country after 2000 or have been infected abroad. One of these Hungarian stallions became the source of abortion storms in Hungarian studs.  相似文献   

3.
采用RT—PCR方法从EAVBucyrus株扩增了截短的GL、M和全长的N基因片段,将三者分别克隆到表达载体pGEX-6p-1中,测序验证后转化Rosetta（DE3）宿主菌中经IPTG诱导表达,诱导后菌体裂解物经SDS-PAGE分析。试验结果表明,重组菌表达出约35000、34000和38000的特异性条带,通过条件优化及切胶纯化获得较高浓度的目的蛋白。经Western-blot和间接ELISA分析,纯化的蛋白只与抗马动脉炎病毒阳性血清发生特异性反应,证实该蛋白具有良好的反应原性和特异性。  相似文献   

4.
Three distinct antigenic profiles were identified by comparing the reactivities of 15 Canadian field isolates, the attenuated U.S. vaccine (Ingelvac MLV) strain and 2 European reference strains (Lelystad and Weybridge) of the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) by indirect immunofluorescence with a set of 4 monoclonal antibodies to the nucleocapsid (N) protein and 2 other to the matrix (M) protein. In the present study, 9 Canadian isolates for which the sequences were determined appeared closely related to 2 U.S. reference strains (ATCC VR-2332 and ATCC VR-2385) with amino acid identities varying between 90 to 98% for the M and N proteins; substitutions in the nucleotide sequences were distributed randomly throughout the ORFs 6 and 7 genes, and most were 3rd base silent mutations. In comparison, more than 30% divergence was demonstrated with the Lelystad virus. Furthermore, differentiation between North American and European isolates, and between field isolates and the MLV strain could be achieved by cutting PCR-amplified products encompassing both ORFs 6 and 7 genes with 4 restriction endonucleases. When taken individually, BsaJI and AluI were the more appropriate restriction enzymes for distinguishing the vaccine strain from field isolates. The results obtained suggest that the restriction fragment length polymorphism of the genomic region covering the ORFs 6 and 7 genes may be a valuable tool to differentiate among PRRSV isolates.  相似文献   

5.
OBJECTIVE: To compare growth characteristics of strains of equine arteritis virus (EAV) of differing virulence to horses in rabbit kidney (RK)-13 cells and equine endothelial cells (EECs) cultured from the pulmonary artery of a foal. SAMPLE POPULATION: 13 strains of EAV, including 11 field isolates of differing virulence to horses; the highly virulent, horse-adapted Bucyrus strain; and the modified-live virus (MLV) vaccine derived from it. PROCEDURE: The growth characteristics of the 13 strains were compared in EECs and RK-13 cells. Viral nucleoprotein expression, cytopathogenicity, and plaque size were compared to determine whether growth characteristics of the 13 strains were predictive of their virulence to horses. RESULTS: Cytopathogenicity, viral nucleoprotein expression, and plaque size induced by all 13 viruses were similar in RK-13 cells, whereas virulent strains of EAV caused significantly larger plaques in EECs than did the avirulent strains of EAV. Paradoxically, the highly attenuated MLV vaccine and 1 field isolate of EAV caused plaques in EECs that were larger than those caused by any of the other viruses, and sequence analysis confirmed the field isolate of EAV to be indistinguishable from the MLV vaccine. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: With the notable exception of the MLV vaccine, growth of the various strains of EAV in EECs was predictive of their individual virulence to horses. Thus, EECs provide a relevant and useful model to further characterize determinants of virulence and attenuation amongst strains of EAV.  相似文献   

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9.
The molecular epidemiology of the infectious disease caused by feline calcivirus (FCV) in Japan was investigated by analysing the phylogenetic relationship among 21 Japanese field isolates, including the F4 strain, and 30 global isolates. Parts of the capsid gene (B–F) of the isolates were amplified by RT-PCR, and the amino acid sequences were compared with those from the global isolates. Thirty-seven and 14 out of a total of 51 isolates were clustered into two distinct genogroups, I and II respectively, by UPGMA and NJ analysis. Seven of the 21 Japanese isolates (33%) fell into group I together with 30 global isolates, while the other 14 Japanese isolates (67%) belonged to group II. The bootstrap repetition analysis of groups I and II formed by the NJ method gave a value of 99.0%. The 14 latter Japanese isolates were clearly separated from the isolates in group I, and they were different from any previously known FCV, forming a new genogroup, which implies that this lineage has been confined to Japan. Comparing the amino acid sequences shared by groups I and II, the amino acid at position 377 in B region was asparagine (Asn or Asp (NH2)) in group I, while it was lysine (Lys) in all the strains in group II. Similarly, the amino acid at position 539 in the F region was alanine (Ala) or proline (Pro) in group I, while it was valine (Val) in group II; glycine (Gly) at position 557 in group I was serine (Ser) in Group II; and phenylalanine (Phe) or leucine (Leu) at position 566 in genogroup I was tyrosine (Tyr) in group II.  相似文献   

10.
为了解H9N2亚型禽流感病毒(AIV)变异情况及评价作为H9亚型F株禽流感灭活疫苗的免疫效果,本研究对2009年～2010年期间从免疫鸡群中分离的9个H9N2亚型AIV株进行血凝素(HA)基因序列测定和分析。这9个病毒株HA基因编码区长度均为1 683 nt,HA基因核苷酸序列同源性为90.7%～98.9%,其推导氨基酸序列同源性为92.2%～98.8%;分离株与F株的HA基因之间的核苷酸序列同源性为91.6%～99.6%,氨基酸序列同源性为92.9%～99.3%;9个分离株与F株均属于Beijing/1/94-like进化分支,但分别属于3个不同的基因亚型。免疫试验结果显示:3周龄SPF鸡接种F株灭活疫苗21 d后,产生的HI抗体效价在log2 9以上;而且免疫鸡对分离株及F株攻毒后的喉头和泄殖腔排毒产生明显的抑制作用。本研究数据表明,F株灭活疫苗可以提供对这些分离株的有效免疫保护。  相似文献   

11.
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12.
Pseudorabies has been controlled efficiently in China for many years by vaccination. However, it suddenly broke out in many pig farms in 2012–2013 in southern China. In this study, a systematic investigation that included virus isolation, genetic and pathological studies, and immunogenicity analysis was carried out with the aim of understanding the pathogenetic and antigenic features of novel isolates of pseudorabies virus (PRV). Of 38 tissue samples collected from pigs with clinical signs of pseudorabies on 13 farms in 4 provinces in southern China in 2012–2013, 29 showed wild-type PRV infection by polymerase chain reaction. Sequence analysis of 5 isolates from the 4 provinces showed that they belonged to a relatively independent cluster that shared 2 insertions of a single amino acid in the gE gene and 1 insertion of 7 amino acids in the gC gene. In experiments, isolate ZJ01 caused death in 100% of pigs that were either 14 or 80 days old. The serum antibodies to the commercial PRV vaccines had significantly lower neutralizing activity against the ZJ01 isolate than against the vaccine strains. The antigenic relatedness between ZJ01 and the vaccine strains was 0.378 to 0.455. These findings indicated that a novel, highly virulent PRV strain with antigenic variance had spread widely in southern China.  相似文献   

13.
对山东省某地区初诊为猪繁殖与呼吸综合征(porcine reproduction and respiatory syndrome,PRRS)的猪病料采用RT-PCR进行鉴定,获得1株PRRSV并命名为SD18。对该分离株的第2代细胞培养毒株进行全基因组测序,与其他参考毒株比较同源性并构建遗传进化树。结果显示,SD18毒株属于美洲型高致病性PRRSV变异株,该毒株Nsp2基因具有31个不连续的氨基酸缺失,已明显区别于以JXA1、HUN4、TJ株等为代表的30个不连续缺失高致病性分离株,其中第830位氨基酸位点是最新发现的缺失氨基酸。同时,该毒株的ORF3基因第17位插入1个丝氨酸(S),而ORF5基因编码的第13位和第151位氨基酸均为具有强毒特性的精氨酸(R),第137位则插入了具有野毒特性的丝氨酸(S),这4个氨基酸位点也表现出不同于以往高致病性毒株变异的特征。采用基因重组分析软件RDP4分析表明,该新型缺失株的多个部位发生了基因重组;SD18毒株病毒以美洲经典毒株VR2332作为重组的主要亲本毒株,疫苗株JXA1-R和新型毒株NADC30-like提供重组片段,多数重组变化集中在Nsp2蛋白区域,在非结构蛋白和次要蛋白区域也可见部分重组变化。本研究为深入探索PRRSV的遗传变异规律及相关生物学特性研究积累了数据。综合分析表明,山东地区SD18分离株Nsp2、GP3、GP5相应氨基酸均出现了较大变异,特别是Nsp2出现一个新的氨基酸缺失,可能是该毒株形成了一个新的独立变异分支的重要原因;这些变异也提示该分离毒株在病毒编码蛋白及其免疫原性等方面出现了较大变化。该病毒株的成功分离鉴定与遗传进化分析为PRRSV衍化及流行病学调查积累了最新数据,也为预防控制该病提供参考。  相似文献   

14.
Liu H  Wang Z  Son C  Wang Y  Yu B  Zheng D  Sun C  Wu Y 《Avian diseases》2006,50(4):636-640
Fourteen pigeon-origin Newcastle disease virus (NDV) isolates were obtained from sick pigeons in China between 1996 and 2005. The mean death time (MDT) of embryonated eggs and the intracerebral pathogenicity indices (ICPI) were tested to determine the virulence of the field isolates. The result indicated that most isolates were proved to be mesogenic (MDT 60-90 hr and ICPI > 1.2). The main function regions of F protein gene of the isolates were amplified and sequenced for phylogenetic and residue substitutive analysis. The fusion protein cleavage site sequences of most isolates had multiple basic amino acids R/KRQKRF at positions 112-116 and a phenyl alanine at position 117, characteristic of velogenic isolates. In the phylogenetic tree, the majority of the isolates were clustered into a single genetic lineage, termed genotype VIb, and were typical pigeon paramyxovirus type 1, whereas a small number of recent isolates (three strains) were grouped into genotype VIId, a predominant genotype responsible for most Newcastle disease outbreaks in chickens and geese since the end of last century. One isolate, PK9901, was proved to be a lentogenic strain, of genotype II NDV, to which the vaccine strain La Sota belongs.  相似文献   

15.
近年来，从华东地区患腹泻仔猪中分离到一些表达K88菌毛的大肠杆菌，这些菌株只与K88a因子单抗反应，而不与b、c、d因子单抗反应。通过K88常规血清交叉吸收试验、SDS-PAGE、Western印迹，表明这些菌株不仅与K88ac参考菌株C83907制备的c因子血清反应，而且与以分离株SEC586制备且经K88ab、K88ac、K88ad参考菌株吸收后的血清也反应。对分离株SEC586、SEC464的K88主要亚单位结构基因faeG的克隆、测序，发现该基因由846对核苷酸组成，编码菌毛主要亚单位的262个氨基酸及21个氨基酸的信号肽，比国外报道的K88ac FaeG亚单位（263个氨基酸）少了1个氨基酸，比K88ab、K88ad（265个氨基酸）少了3个氨基酸。SEC586、SEC464菌株的FaeG亚单位氨基酸序列的同源性为97．7％，它们与K88ac的同源性为94．7％和96．2％；与K88ab的同源性为90．1％和91．2％；与K88ad的同源性为87．0％和88，6％。结果表明，新分离的K88ac大肠杆菌黏附素主要亚单位已发生了部分变异。  相似文献   

16.
为了确诊猪伪狂犬病病毒(PRV)的感染,探讨目前广西猪群中流行的PRVgE基因的变异特征,为更好地防控猪伪狂犬病(PR)提供参考依据,本研究采集了广西陆川某猪场保育猪群发生呼吸道症状的肺脏组织,并用Vero细胞进行病毒分离,应用PCR方法对分离株的gE基因进行克隆和测序,根据测序结果证实分离到1个PRV毒株,命名为GXLC1。分离株在Vero细胞上增殖,细胞出现典型的病变;GXLC1株gE基因与GenBank上20株国内外具有代表性参考毒株的核苷酸序列同源性为97.1%~99.4%,氨基酸同源性为94.3%~99.6%;gE基因的遗传进化分析显示,GXLC1株与2012年的国内流行毒株亲缘关系较近,与欧美分离株亲缘关系较远;氨基酸序列分析显示,GXLC1株gE蛋白主要抗原表位区较之国内经典强毒株有3个氨基酸位点的变异,可能导致gE抗原性发生改变。本研究将分离到的1个PRV毒株进行了gE基因的分析,发现GXLC1株为近年来流行的变异株,gE蛋白在抗原表位区上有3个氨基酸位点的变异,这是否会影响GXLC1株毒力和抗原性的变化,还有待进一步研究;对gE基因变异特征的分析和病毒的分离为进一步丰富广西PRV的分子流行病学和疫苗的研制提供参考依据和重要材料。  相似文献   

17.
本研究从广东省某猪场采集37份疑似猪流感症状的猪鼻拭子样品,接种于9日龄SPF鸡胚并收集尿囊液,通过血凝试验、血凝抑制试验和RT-PCR鉴定,分离得到一株猪流感病毒,经RT-PCR分别扩增8个基因片段,进行基因测序及序列分析,与GenBank收录的参考毒株比对并构建进化树。结果显示,分离毒株为H1N1亚型猪流感病毒,将其命名为A/swine/Guangdong/2/2018（H1N1）。遗传进化分析显示,分离株8个片段的核酸序列与A/swine/Guangdong/L3/2009（H1N1）对应序列的同源性均达99%以上,与经典型H1N1亚型猪流感病毒处于同一分支。分离毒株HA的裂解位点为PSIQSR↓GL,符合低致病性流感病毒分子特征。HA基因受体位点为190D、225G和226Q,表明本毒株既可以结合SAα-2,6-Gal型人类流感病毒SA受体,也有结合SAα-2,3-Gal型禽类流感病毒SA受体的可能,在28、40、104、304、498、557位氨基酸处有6个潜在糖基化位点;NA蛋白在50、58、63、68、98、146、235位氨基酸处有6个潜在糖基化位点,NA蛋白氨基酸序列活性中心位点为119E、199D、223I、275H、293R、295N,氨基酸分析位点未出现突变,表明本分离株对神经氨酸酶抑制剂类药物的敏感性较高,但在M2蛋白中,31位氨基酸由敏感型的（S）突变为抗药的（N）,提示可能对金刚烷胺类药物产生耐药性。开展猪流感病毒分离鉴定与遗传进化分析将为广东地区的猪流感流行和变异情况提供重要信息。  相似文献   

18.
The objective of the present study was to evaluate the importance of genomic and antigenic variations which may have affected the major envelope glycoprotein GP5 of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) isolates responsible for outbreaks in Quebec and Ontario, in comparison with the modified-live U.S. vaccine strain (MLV) and the European prototype strain from Lelystad (LV). Nucleotide sequence analyses of the open reading frame (ORF)5 genes showed that all of the isolates studied were heterogenous, amino acid (aa) identities varied from 88 to 99% with the MLV strain, and between 51 and 54% with the LV strain. The aa substitutions were randomly scattered across the protein, although one region between residues 26 and 39 was found to correspond to a hypervariable region which involved 0 to 3 potential N-glycosylation sites. The ORF5 encoded products of 5 of these isolates, including the MLV and LV strains, were expressed in E. coli as recombinant proteins fused to the glutathione S-transferase (GST) protein and used to raise hyperimmune anti-ORF5 sera in rabbits. The reactivity patterns of strain-specific hyperimmune anti-ORF5 sera and a panel of 4 monoclonal antibodies directed against the ORF5 gene product of the Quebec IAF-Klop strain of PRRSV, indicated that GP5 of field isolates also underwent antigenic variations. The data suggest that neutralizing epitopes, independent of conformation and glycosylation, are also associated with antigenic variability of the GP5 of PRRSV.  相似文献   

19.
采用RT-PCR技术对Ⅰ类新城疫病毒(NDV)09-014分离株完整的融合蛋白(F)基因和血凝素-神经氨酸酶(HN)基因进行了扩增和遗传进化分析。F基因的序列测定结果表明:该分离株F基因全长为1 792 bp,可编码553个氨基酸,裂解位点的氨基酸组成为112E-R-Q-E-R-L117,具有典型的新城疫弱毒株特征。同源性分析表明本分离株的F基因与Ⅰ类新城疫病毒代表毒株之间核苷酸的同源性为93%～95.2%,而与Ⅱ类新城疫病毒代表毒株的同源性较低,介于70.6%～72.4%。HN基因的序列测定结果表明:HN基因全长2 001 bp,可编码616个氨基酸,同源性分析表明本分离株的HN基因与Ⅰ类新城疫病毒代表毒株之间核苷酸的同源性在92.7%～94.7%之间,而与Ⅱ类新城疫病毒同源性较低,为70.7%～71.5%。根据完整的F基因和HN基因构建的遗传进化树均表明:本分离株在分类地位上属于Ⅰ类新城疫病毒基因3型,因此Ⅰ类新城疫病毒的F基因和HN基因具有相似的进化速率。  相似文献   

20.
Oem JK  Yoon HJ  Kim HR  Roh IS  Lee KH  Lee OS  Bae YC 《Veterinary microbiology》2012,158(3-4):259-266
A large-scale outbreak of Akabane viral encephalomyelitis in cattle was reported in the southern part of Korea in 2010. Fifteen Akabane virus (AKAV) strains were isolated from the brain and spinal cord samples by using BHK-21 and/or HmLu-1 cells. To examine the genetic relationships and characteristics of the isolates, nucleotide sequences of the S, M, and L segments of the 15 isolates were determined and analyzed. Complete sequence analysis of the 15 AKAV isolates showed 99.9-100% amino acid identities, indicating that the 15 isolates originated from a single strain. The S and M RNA segments of a representative isolate (AKAV-7/SKR/2010) were also compared with the segments of representative reference sequences. This AKAV-7/SKR/2010 strain showed the highest identity with the Iriki and KM-1/Br/06 strains. Neighbor-joining phylogenetic trees of S and M RNA segments were constructed. Four representative AKAV isolates were classified into subgroup Ia, which contains the Iriki and KM-1/Br/06 strains recognized to cause encephalomyelitis in calves and adult cattle in Japan. Moreover, experimental intraperitoneal infection was performed using the AKAV-7/SKR/2010 and AKAV-17/SKR/2010 strains to assess pathogenesis in suckling mice. The 2 isolates, genetically related to the Iriki strain, were neurovirulent and caused neurological signs in suckling mice. In contrast, the 93FMX strain and the K0505 strain, related to the OBE-1 strain, were avirulent in mice. The present results indicate that these isolates most likely had originated from the Iriki strain and are closely related to the Iriki strain both genetically and pathogenically.  相似文献   

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