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血浆蛋白粉的营养特点及质量控制 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
血浆蛋白粉是近年来饲料行业中报道和研究较多的一种新型蛋白资源。动物血浆含有约200多种蛋白质和酶及维生素等营养物质，具有很高的营养价值（李健雄，2005）？血浆蛋白粉就是将占全血55％的血浆分离、提纯、喷雾干燥而制成的乳白色粉末状产品，按血液的来源和加工方法分为以下几类：猪血浆蛋白粉（SDPP）、低灰分猪血浆蛋白粉（LAPP）、母猪血浆蛋白粉（SDSPP）和牛血浆蛋白粉（SDBP），其中以SDPP最为常用，一般情况下血浆蛋白粉亦多指SDPP（李文等，2005）。 相似文献
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喷雾干燥血浆蛋白粉质量判断标准 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
喷雾干燥血浆蛋白粉(apray dry plasma protein,SDPP)理化成份与动物血浆理化成分有密切的关系。因此,了解动物血浆主要理化成分对正确认识SDPP品质是必须的。以猪血浆为例,所有的研究表明,猪血浆含水量高达92％,其余的为蛋白质、酶、氨基酸、激素、尿酸、氨、无机盐(主要是各类阳离子和阴离子)。喷雾干燥血浆蛋白粉(apray dry plasma protein,SDPP)是利用检疫合格的健康动物(主要是猪、牛、羊)的新鲜血液经抗凝、稳定化,消毒处理分离出颜色为草黄色至蔷薇色血浆。此血浆经一定的处理或直接喷雾干躁即获得具有固有气味,存在灰白色至浅粉红色色阶的无定型粉状物。 相似文献
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在我国，猪牛等屠宰时放出的血液多数没有被利用，随污水排放到环境中，既浪费了资源又污染了环境。由于喷雾干燥猪血浆（SDPP）可以刺激断奶后的采食量，促进仔猪生长，减少幼龄仔猪断奶后常发生的生长停滞，SDPP已经成为北美地区早期断奶仔猪日粮的一种常用的蛋白来源。但是，对SDPP可以增加仔猪采食量和生长速度的作用方式还不清楚。为了确定SDPP和SDBP（喷雾干燥牛血浆）以及SDPP和SDBP中不同分子量部分和SDPP和SDBP中免疫球蛋白对断奶仔猪生长性能的影响，美国研究人员进行了5项试验研究。 相似文献
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在我国，猪牛等屠宰时放出的血液多数被废弃，随污水排放到环境中。由于喷雾干燥猪血浆（SDPP）可以刺激仔猪断奶后的采食量，减少幼龄仔猪断奶后常发生的生长停滞，SDPP已经成为北美地区早期断奶仔猪日粮的一种常用蛋白来源。但是，对SDPP可以增加仔猪采食量和生长速度的作用方式还不十分清楚。有人认为是刺激食欲，有人认为是含有特殊的免疫球蛋白。为了确定SDPP和SDBP（喷雾干燥牛血浆）中不同分子量部分以及SDPP和SDBP中免疫球蛋白对断奶仔猪生长性能的影响，美国研究人员进行了试验研究。 相似文献
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试验研究不同阶段添加血浆蛋白粉(SDPP)对肉鸡生产性能和免疫功能的影响。选用240只1日龄AA肉鸡,随机分为4个处理,每个处理6个重复,每个重复10只鸡。试验设基础日粮组(对照组)和3个试验组,即添加0.5%SDPP日粮分别饲喂7、14、21d构成3个试验组。而试验后期(22～49d)各处理组饲喂同一基础日粮。试验结果表明:①与对照组相比,饲喂SDPP7d组显著提高前期ADG(P<0.05),极显著提高后期和全期ADG、ADFI(P<0.01);饲喂SDPP14d组极显著提高前期和全期ADG、ADFI(P<0.01),极显著提高后期ADFI(P<0.01);饲喂SDPP21d组极显著提高前期ADG(P<0.01),极显著提高全期ADF(IP<0.01);试验组各个时期F/G差异不显著(P>0.05)。②就全期生产性能看,饲喂SDPP7d组好于其它处理组,但各添加SDPP组间生产性能差异不显著(P>0.05)。③各处理组Ea、Et、淋巴细胞转化率和各免疫器官指数均高于对照组,饲喂SDPP14d组的Et和淋巴细胞转化率分别达到显著和极显著水平。④血浆蛋白粉可提高肉鸡生产性能,并随着饲喂时间的延长有下降的趋势,添加血浆蛋白粉对肉鸡免疫功能有增强的作用。 相似文献
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引言 喷雾干猪血浆(SDPP)是早期断奶仔猪期(断奶后0～14日)日粮中的一种有效蛋白质成份。Hansen等(1993)发现,用SDPP代替期日粮中的脱脂奶粉可使仔猪的平均日增重升高。Einer等(1992)证明,日粮含SDPP与含脱 相似文献
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喷雾干燥猪血浆(SDPP)可以刺激仔猪断奶后的采食量,减少幼龄仔猪断奶后常发生的生长停滞,SDPP已经成为北美地区早期断奶仔猪日粮中的常用蛋白质来源。为了确定SDPP和SDBP(喷雾干燥牛血浆)中不同蛋白质分子量成分以及SDPP和SDBP中免疫球蛋白对断奶仔猪生长性能的影响,美国研究人 相似文献
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血浆蛋白粉是利用现代生物技术和加工手段对动物新鲜血液(一般指猪血或牛血)进行抗凝处理和分离,将血浆从血液中分离出来,再进行压缩和低温保存,然后采取特殊的加工工艺制成乳白色或浅褐色粉状产品.主要成分为:低分子量蛋白、中分子量蛋白(清蛋白)、高分子量蛋白(免疫球蛋白).按动物种类和加工工艺可分为以下4个品种:喷雾干燥猪血浆蛋白粉(SDPP)、喷雾干燥牛血浆蛋白粉(SDBP)、喷雾干燥母猪血浆蛋白粉(SDSPP)、喷雾干燥低灰分猪血浆蛋白粉(LAPP).一般情况下血浆蛋白粉是指喷雾干燥猪血浆蛋白粉(SDPP). 相似文献
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喷雾干燥猪血浆蛋白粉 ,含有大量功能性蛋白质 ,对动物生长具有多种生物学作用。本试验采用 2 8日龄断奶的农腾仔猪共 30窝 ,分成两组。试验组 15窝共 15 0头 ,从 2 6日龄至断乳后 2周内在饲料中添加 7 5 %的SDPP ;对照组15窝共 15 0头 ,饲料中不添加SDPP。在断奶后 2周内 ,观察SDPP对早期断奶仔猪断奶后腹泻预防与提高日增重等饲用效果。结果表明 :试验组和对照组的日增重在断奶后 1周内分别为 0 0 6 7kg d和 0 .0 33kg d ,差异显著 (P <0 0 5 ) ,断奶后 2周内分别为 0 .12 0kg d和 0 .0 95kg d ,差异极显著 (P <0 0 1) ;腹泻率分别为 35 6 %和 6 8 2 % ,腹泻频率分别为5 4%和 8 9% ,腹泻指数分别为 7 2 1和 11 2 4,都差异显著 (P <0 0 5 )。结果表明SDPP对早期断奶仔猪腹泻与促进生长具有良好的饲用效果。 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献
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乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物.本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制.乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道.文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分(表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖)与肠道受体(C型凝集素受体、Toll样受体和Nod样受体),阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制. 相似文献
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Billinghurst RC Brama PA van Weeren PR Knowlton MS McIlwraith CW 《American journal of veterinary research》2004,65(2):143-150
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether serum concentrations of biomarkers of skeletal metabolism can, in conjunction with radiographic evaluation, indicate severity of osteochondrosis in developing horses. ANIMALS: 43 Dutch Warmblood foals with varying severity of osteochondrosis. PROCEDURE: 24 foals were monitored for 5 months and 19 foals were monitored for 11 months. Monthly radiographs of femoropatellar-femorotibial and tibio-tarsal joints were graded for osteochondral abnormalities. Serial blood samples were assayed for 8 cartilage and bone biomarkers. At the end of the monitoring period, foals were examined for macroscopic osteochondrosis lesions. RESULTS: Temporal relationships were evident between certain serum biomarkers and osteochondrosis severity in foals during their first year. Biomarkers of collagen degradation (collagenase-generated neoepitopes of type-II collagen fragments, type-I and -II collagen fragments [COL2-3/4C(short)], and cross-linked telopeptide fragments of type-I collagen) and bone mineralization (osteocalcin) were positive indicators of osteochondrosis severity at 5 months of age. In foals with lesions at 11 months of age, osteochondrosis severity correlated negatively with COL2-3/4C(short) and osteocalcin and positively with C-propeptide of type-II procollagen (CPII), a collagen synthesis marker. Radiographic grading of osteochondrosis lesions significantly correlated with macroscopic osteochondrosis severity score at both ages and was strongest when combined with osteocalcin at 5 months and CPII at 11 months. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The ability of serum biomarkers to indicate osteochondrosis severity appears to depend on stage of disease and is strengthened with radiography. In older foals with more permanent lesions, osteochondrosis severity is significantly related to biomarker concentrations of decreased bone formation and increased cartilage synthesis. 相似文献