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《畜牧兽医科技信息》2021,(10)
在动物防疫过程中,基层防疫人员面对的动物疫病非常复杂且具有一定的特殊性。尤其是人兽共患病,不仅感染动物,还会危害人类健康,因此,每一名基层防疫人员都会面临职业风险问题。本文介绍了基层防疫人员在防疫过程中面临的职业风险,提出了有效的防护建议,供参考。 相似文献
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<正>基层动物防疫人员主要是指从事动物疫病防控的乡镇畜牧兽医站工作人员、村级防疫员,以及从事规模养殖场兽医岗位的工作人员,这些人员活跃在动物防疫的最前沿,直接参与动物疫病预防、抽血采样、流行病学调查、以及疫病诊断、无害化处理等工作,是动物疫病防控防疫的主力军,与病畜密切接触的机会多,工作环境和工作条件相对较差,自身防护意识淡薄,防护措施简单,是感染人畜共患病和人身伤害的高危职业人群。近年来,基层动物防疫人员 相似文献
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随着各涉农区机构改革基本完成,天津市基层兽医防疫体系发生了重大变化,新形势下基层动物防疫工作仍存在困难和挑战。本文从乡镇兽医防疫人员、村级防疫员两个方面对天津市基层兽医人员基本情况进行了调研,总结分析了基层兽医防疫体系存在的管理体制不畅、基层防疫人员待遇普遍较低、基层兽医技术服务体系不完善等问题。最后,从深入贯彻新修订的《动物防疫法》、稳定村级防疫员队伍、加强基层畜牧兽医人员培训、完善基层设施建设、推进社会化服务等5个方面提出了具体意见和建议,以期为其他地区增强基层兽医防疫体系建设提供参考。 相似文献
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基层动物防疫人员个人安全防护建议 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《当代畜牧》2017,(12)
基层动物防疫人员身处养殖业防疫一线,与各种畜禽直接接触,随着各种动物疫情的不断发生,特别是人兽共患病逐渐复杂化,使基层动物防疫人员的健康安全受到了威胁;因此,需要采用强有力的措施对其进行解决,才能使基层动物防疫人员的安全得到保障。笔者通过多年的基层工作经验,对基层动物防疫人员个人生物安全防护总结了一些易于操作、便于实施的操作程序,供基层动物防疫人员参考。 相似文献
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浅谈基层动物防疫人员职业健康安全风险评估和意义 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《新疆畜牧业》2017,(1)
基层动物防疫人员是动物防疫工作的具体实施者和关键控制点,基层动物防疫人员的职业健康安全风险评估对人畜共患病的主动防御有着重要的意义,对动物防疫工作可起到积极的、长期的、持续的影响,有利于动物防疫工作的法制化推进。 相似文献
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本文主要针对基层动物防疫工作中存在的一些常见问题进行分析,从基层工作人员防疫意识不高、监督机制不完善、管理方法不科学等方面入手展开详细剖析。同时针对存在的主要问题,提出相应的解决对策,以期更好地促进基层动物防疫工作取得实效。 相似文献
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影响基层动物防疫工作的因素及建议 《畜牧与饲料科学》2016,37(6):104-104
受到地理环境、牧户自身素质、防疫队伍整体素质等方面的影响,牧区基层动物防疫工作较难开展。针对影响牧区基层动物防疫工作的诸多因素进行了细致的分析,并提出了一系列具体的建议和措施,以期为相关人员顺利开展基层动物防疫工作提供参考。 相似文献
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本文主要从政府领导加强重视程度、建立健全防疫队伍体系建设、强化基层防疫人员业务素质等几个方面谈起,就如何解决当前农村动物防疫工作存在的实际问题提出笔者的看法和建议。 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献
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乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物.本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制.乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道.文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分(表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖)与肠道受体(C型凝集素受体、Toll样受体和Nod样受体),阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制. 相似文献
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Billinghurst RC Brama PA van Weeren PR Knowlton MS McIlwraith CW 《American journal of veterinary research》2004,65(2):143-150
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether serum concentrations of biomarkers of skeletal metabolism can, in conjunction with radiographic evaluation, indicate severity of osteochondrosis in developing horses. ANIMALS: 43 Dutch Warmblood foals with varying severity of osteochondrosis. PROCEDURE: 24 foals were monitored for 5 months and 19 foals were monitored for 11 months. Monthly radiographs of femoropatellar-femorotibial and tibio-tarsal joints were graded for osteochondral abnormalities. Serial blood samples were assayed for 8 cartilage and bone biomarkers. At the end of the monitoring period, foals were examined for macroscopic osteochondrosis lesions. RESULTS: Temporal relationships were evident between certain serum biomarkers and osteochondrosis severity in foals during their first year. Biomarkers of collagen degradation (collagenase-generated neoepitopes of type-II collagen fragments, type-I and -II collagen fragments [COL2-3/4C(short)], and cross-linked telopeptide fragments of type-I collagen) and bone mineralization (osteocalcin) were positive indicators of osteochondrosis severity at 5 months of age. In foals with lesions at 11 months of age, osteochondrosis severity correlated negatively with COL2-3/4C(short) and osteocalcin and positively with C-propeptide of type-II procollagen (CPII), a collagen synthesis marker. Radiographic grading of osteochondrosis lesions significantly correlated with macroscopic osteochondrosis severity score at both ages and was strongest when combined with osteocalcin at 5 months and CPII at 11 months. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The ability of serum biomarkers to indicate osteochondrosis severity appears to depend on stage of disease and is strengthened with radiography. In older foals with more permanent lesions, osteochondrosis severity is significantly related to biomarker concentrations of decreased bone formation and increased cartilage synthesis. 相似文献