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1.
以去势雌兔作为对照,用高胆固醇饮食法复制动脉粥样硬化(AS)模型,研究了利维爱(Livial)在防治兔动脉粥样硬化过程中对雌激素受体和低密度脂蛋白受体mRNA表达的影响。应用RT-PCR方法,β-actin做内参照,对各组去势雌兔心脏、肝脏组织内雌激素受体和低密度脂蛋白受体mRNA的表达进行了检测。结果,2种受体在兔心脏和肝脏内均有表达。对照组,雌激素受体在心脏、肝脏内的相对表达量分别为0.43±0.12、0.39±0.20;低密底脂蛋白受体在心脏、肝脏内的相对表达量分别为0.27±0.05、0.86±0.12,差异显著(P<0.001)。AS模型组,雌激素受体和低密度脂蛋白受体在心脏、肝脏内的相对表达量分别为0.29±0.03、0.27±0.06和0.04±0.01、0.17±0.02,2种受体的mRNA表达均比对照组降低,差异显著(P<0.001)。利维爱组(饲喂高胆固醇饲料同时给予利维爱),雌激素受体在心脏、肝脏内的相对表达量为0.41±0.09、0.36±0.06,与模型组相比表达量显著提高(P<0.001),与对照组表达量接近;低密度脂蛋白受体在心脏、肝脏内的相对表达量为0.04±0.02、0.18±0.04,与模型组比较未见显著变化。由此认为,组织内2种受体的mRNA表达量降低可促进动脉粥样硬化的发生;利维爱通过提高组织内雌激素受体mRNA的表达可防治AS的发生与发展,对低密度脂蛋白受体的mRNA表达影响较小。 相似文献
2.
为探讨肾素 -血管紧张素系统 ( RAS)对实验性兔动脉粥样硬化 ( AS)的影响 ,采用 2 0只雄性新西兰大白兔 ,随机分为 2组。对照组饲以全价颗粒饲料 ,实验组采用高胆固醇饮食( HCD)饲喂法建立 AS模型。分别检测总胆固醇( TC)、血管紧张素转换酶 ( ACE)和血管紧张素 ( Ang ) ,并对主动脉 AS病灶进行病理检查。结果表明 :与对照组相比 ,高胆固醇饮食 1周后 TC开始显著升高 ,第 4周达高峰 ,第 1 6周组织中 Ang 水平显著升高 ( P <0 .0 5) ;病理检查见主动脉内膜满布淡黄色斑块 ,镜检由增厚的内膜、泡沫细胞和胆固醇结晶组成 ;对照组无异常。高胆固醇饮食 1 6周可建立兔 AS模型 ,RAS可影响 AS斑块的形成 相似文献
3.
将30只雄性健康新西兰白兔随机分为5组,每组6只。对照组给予基础饲料;模型组给予高脂饲料;三个大黄组给予高脂饲料同时分别用不同药量的大黄醇提液灌胃。于第10周末处死家兔,观察、测量和比较主动脉弓、胸主动脉、腹主动脉和髂动脉分支处血管脂质斑块的病理变化,计算斑块面积占胸主动脉的百分比;光镜下观察心脏冠状血管的病理改变,并计算冠状小动脉粥样硬化的发生率,研究大黄醇提液抑制家兔动脉粥样硬化形成的作用。结果显示：大黄醇提液能一定程度上抑制家兔主动脉及腹主动脉AS形成,减少AS斑块面积,降低动脉分支处AS的发生率,减轻心脏冠状动脉AS的病变。 相似文献
4.
雌激素受体和低密度脂蛋白受体在动脉粥样硬化兔组织中的表达 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
用饲喂正常标准兔料的去势雌兔作为对照组,高胆固醇饮食法复制动脉粥样硬化模型。采用βactin做内参照的半定量RTPCR方法,对2组去势雌兔心脏、肝脏组织内雌激素受体α和低密度脂蛋白受体mRNA的表达进行了研究。结果表明:2种受体在兔心脏和肝脏内均有表达;对照组,雌激素受体在心脏、肝脏内的相对表达量为0.43±0.12、0.39±0.20,低密度脂蛋白受体在心脏、肝脏内的相对表达量为0.27±0.05、0.86±0.12,差异显著(P<0.01);模型组,雌激素受体和低密度脂蛋白受体在心脏、肝脏内的相对表达量分别为0.29±0.03、0.27±0.06和0.04±0.01、0.17±0.02。 相似文献
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6.
《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2018,(23)
为了研究中药水蛭超微粉对兔血脂代谢的影响,将50只健康大耳白兔随机分为5组:正常对照组,高脂对照组,水蛭超微粉低、中、高剂量组。其中正常对照组饲喂基础日粮,其余4组全程饲喂高脂配方日粮,试验期40 d。在第20天、第40天称重,检测血清样本中总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)含量的变化,分析比较水蛭超微粉对兔血脂代谢的影响。结果表明:高脂配方日粮可引起兔增重缓慢,而水蛭超微粉可消除这种影响;水蛭超微粉能够降低兔血清中TC、TG、LDL-C水平,提高兔血清中HDL-C水平,其中以高剂量(0.15%)组效果最好。说明水蛭超微粉能够调节高脂日粮诱导的兔血脂水平。 相似文献
7.
为了研究去势对西门塔尔牛血清脂肪代谢相关酶及调节因子的影响,本试验选取50头16月龄的西门塔尔公牛,经药物驱虫后,利用单因素配对试验设计分为去势组和未去势组,每组25头,饲喂相同饲粮,试验期150d,分析去势对血清脂肪代谢的影响。结果表明:血清胆固醇、甘油三酯、高密度脂蛋白、低密度脂蛋白、游离脂肪酸、脂蛋白脂酶和碱性磷酸酶的全期平均含量去势组比未去势组分别高0.13%、4.17%、3.16%、0.66%、2.44%、1.40%和5.15%,但差异不显著(P0.05)。全期平均激素敏感脂酶含量去势组比未去势组低4.01%,差异不显著(P0.05)。因此,去势使脂蛋白脂酶和碱性磷酸酶的活性增高,激素敏感脂酶的活性降低,进而使血清中的胆固醇、甘油三酯、高密度脂蛋白、低密度脂蛋白和游离脂肪酸含量均表现为去势牛高于未去势牛,使脂肪代谢在血清中整体表现为脂肪的合成代谢略高于分解代谢。 相似文献
8.
为了研究维生素对种兔繁殖力作用的影响。试验采用新设计的配方饲料同兔场原来采用的常规配方饲料在相同的条件下进行饲喂试验,分析维生素对种兔发情时间、受胎率、产仔胎数、产仔数、断奶仔兔成活率的影响。选用健康繁殖年龄基本相同的种兔100只,分A、B2组,每组50只,公母比例1∶4,A组饲喂常规饲料,B组饲喂试验饲料。试验结果表明,维生素对种兔的繁殖力作用是显著提高的(P<0.01),在试验的4个月时间里,B组母兔发情只数是A组母兔发情只数的2.46倍;B组母兔平均受胎率是A组母兔平均受胎率的1.72倍;B组母兔产仔数是A组母兔产仔数的11.58倍;B组仔兔成活率是A组仔兔成活率的2倍,达到了理想的配种繁殖效果。 相似文献
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10.
本试验旨在制作广西巴马小型猪动脉粥样硬化模型,初步判断猪发生动脉粥样硬化时的指数值,以期为今后建立相关模型提供依据。试验选取广西巴马小型猪试验组和对照组各10头,通过饲喂高脂高胆固醇饲料建立动脉粥样硬化模型,检测建模过程中血液生化指标,将动脉粥样硬化指数与血管切片作关联分析,初步拟定发生动脉粥样硬化时的指数值。屠宰后血管切片结果显示,试验组有2头广西巴马小型猪发生动脉粥样硬化,对照组均正常。2头广西巴马小型猪的血管切片结果与动脉粥样硬化指数进行关联分析后,初步拟定的动脉粥样硬化指数值在3.8以上,并持续3个月以上。 相似文献
11.
试验选用96头平均体重14.82 kg左右的杜×长×大断奶仔猪,随机分成4组,每组3栏,每栏8头(公母各半)。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验1、2、3组分别添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖和1%微米白术。试验期30 d。结果表明:在生长性能方面,与对照组相比,1%微米白术添加组可显著提高日增重(P0.05)、降低饲料增重比和腹泻率,而且效果优于1%80目白术组和0.2%白术多糖组,在肠道形态和肠道微生态区系方面,与对照组相比,日粮添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖、1%微米白术均可不同程度的提高十二指肠和空肠的绒毛高度,加深十二指肠和空肠的隐窝深度,并且增加肠道微生态区系的多样性,其中以1%微米白术添加组的效果最佳。 相似文献
12.
Sissay, M.M., Uggla, A. and Waller, P.J., XXXX. Prevalence and seasonal incidence of nematode parasites and fluke infections
of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. Tropical Animal Health and Production, XXXX. A 2-year abattoir survey was carried out to determine the prevalence, abundance and seasonal incidence of gastro-intestinal
(GI) nematodes and trematodes (flukes) of sheep and goats in the semi-arid zone of eastern Ethiopia. During May 2003 to April
2005, viscera including liver, lungs and GI tracts were collected from 655 sheep and 632 goats slaughtered at 4 abattoirs
located in the towns of Haramaya, Harar, Dire Dawa and Jijiga in eastern Ethiopia. All animals were raised in the farming
areas located within the community boundaries for each town. Collected materials were transported within 24 h to the parasitology
laboratory of Haramaya University for immediate processing. Thirteen species belonging to 9 genera of GI nematodes (Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus axei, T. colubriformis, T. vitrinus, Nematodirus filicollis, N. spathiger, Oesophagostomum
columbianum, O. venulosum, Strongyloides papillosus, Bunostomum trigonocephalum, Trichuris ovis, Cooperia curticei and Chabertia ovina), and 4 species belonging to 3 genera of trematodes (Fasciola hepatica, F. gigantica, Paramphistomum {Calicohoron} microbothrium and Dicrocoelium dendriticum) were recorded in both sheep and goats. All animals in this investigation were infected with multiple species to varying
degrees. The mean burdens of adult nematodes were generally moderate in both sheep and goats and showed patterns of seasonal
abundance that corresponded with the bi-modal annual rainfall pattern, with highest burdens around the middle of the rainy
season. In both sheep and goats there were significant differences in the mean worm burdens and abundance of the different
nematode species between the four geographic locations, with worm burdens in the Haramaya and Harar areas greater than those
observed in the Dire Dawa and Jijiga locations. Similar seasonal variations were also observed in the prevalence of flukes.
But there were no significant differences in the prevalence of each fluke species between the four locations. Overall, the
results showed that Haemonchus, Trichostrongylus, Nematodirus, Oesophagostomum, Fasciola and Paramphistomum species were the most abundant helminth parasites of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. 相似文献
13.
Rassnick KM Gieger TL Williams LE Ruslander DM Northrup NC Kristal O Myers NC Moore AS 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2001,15(3):196-199
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks. 相似文献
14.
Davis MS Willard MD Nelson SL Mandsager RE McKiernan BS Mansell JK Lehenbauer TW 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(3):311-314
Human and equine athletes are reported to have a high prevalence of gastric disease, and anecdotal evidence suggests a similar phenomenon applies to racing sled dogs. To investigate the prevalence of gastric disease in racing sled dogs, we conducted 2 gastroscopy studies on dogs competing in the annual Iditarod Sled Dog Race. A pilot study of dogs that were either dropped from the 2000 Iditarod Sled Dog Race because of illness or that finished the race indicated that, approximately 5 days after competing, 10 of 28 dogs (35%) had endoscopic evidence of gastric ulceration, erosion, or hemorrhage. The next year, an endoscopic study of 73 dogs participating in the 2001 Iditarod race was performed in order to evaluate a larger population of dogs. Data from 70 of these dogs could be used; 34 (48.5%) had ulceration, erosion, gastric hemorrhage, or some combination of these findings. When this group of 70 dogs was compared retrospectively to a control group of 87 dogs presented to the Texas A&M University (TAMU) Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, the Iditarod sled dogs had a significantly higher prevalence (P = .049) of gastric lesions. These findings suggest that, similar to athletes of other species, elite canine athletes have an increased prevalence of gastric disease compared to the canine population at large. 相似文献
15.
Furosemide continuous rate infusion in the horse: evaluation of enhanced efficacy and reduced side effects 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Johansson AM Gardner SY Levine JF Papich MG LaFevers DH Fuquay LR Reagan VH Atkins CE 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(6):887-895
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses. 相似文献
16.
B. Cinar Kul N. Bilgen J.A. Lenstra O. Korkmaz Agaoglu B. Akyuz O. Ertugrul 《Zeitschrift für Tierzüchtung und Züchtungsbiologie》2015,132(6):449-453
Genetic variations in chromosome Y are enabling researchers to identify paternal lineages, which are informative for introgressions and migrations. In this study, the male‐specific region markers, sex‐determining region‐Y (SRY), amelogenin (AMELY) and zinc finger (ZFY) were analysed in seven Turkish native goat breeds, Angora, Kilis, Hair, Honaml?, Norduz, Gürcü and Abaza. A SNP in the ZFY gene defined a new haplotype Y2C. All domestic haplogroups originate from Capra aegagrus, while the finding of Y1A, Y1B, Y2A and Y2C in 32, 4, 126 and 2 Turkish domestic goats, respectively, appears to indicate a predomestic origin of the major haplotypes. The occurrence of four haplotypes in the Hair goat and, in contrast, a frequency of 96% of Y1A in the Kilis breed illustrate that Y‐chromosomal variants have a more breed‐dependent distribution than mitochondrial or autosomal DNA. This probably reflects male founder effects, but a role in adaptation cannot be excluded. 相似文献
17.
Troxel MT Vite CH Van Winkle TJ Newton AL Tiches D Dayrell-Hart B Kapatkin AS Shofer FS Steinberg SA 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(6):850-859
The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of different tumor types within a large cohort of cats with intracranial neoplasia and to attempt to correlate signalment, tumor size and location, and survival time for each tumor. Medical records of 160 cats with confirmed intracranial neoplasia evaluated between 1985 and 2001 were reviewed. Parameters evaluated included age, sex, breed, FeLV/FIV status, clinical signs, duration of signs, number of tumors, tumor location(s), imaging results, treatment, survival times, and histopathologic diagnosis. Most of the cats were older (11.3 +/- 3.8 years). Primary tumors accounted for 70.6% of cases. Metastasis and direct extension of secondary tumors accounted for only 5.6 and 3.8% of cases, respectively. Twelve cats (7.5%) had 2 or more discrete tumors of the same type, whereas 16 cats (10.0%) had 2 different types of intracranial tumors. The most common tumor types were meningioma (n = 93, 58.1%), lymphoma (n = 23, 14.4%), pituitary tumors (n = 14, 8.8%), and gliomas (n = 12, 7.5%). The most common neurological signs were altered consciousness (n = 42, 26.2%), circling (n = 36, 22.5%), and seizures (n = 36, 22.5%). Cats without specific neurological signs were common (n = 34, 21.2%). The tumor was considered an incidental finding in 30 (18.8%) cats. In addition to expected relationships (eg, meninges and meningioma, pituitary and pituitary tumors), we found that lesion location was predictive of tumor type with diffuse cerebral or brainstem involvement predictive of lymphoma and third ventricle involvement predictive of meningioma. 相似文献
18.
Waruiru RM Thamsborg SM Nansen P Kyvsgaard NC Bogh HO Munyua WK Gathuma JM 《Tropical animal health and production》2001,33(3):173-187
The epidemiology of H. placei and of other gastrointestinal nematodes in yearling dairy cattle was examined on two farms in Kiambu District, central Kenya during each of 13 one-month periods from April 1993 to April 1994. On each farm, 32 newly weaned dairy calves were given a single dose of albendazole and then placed on experimental pastures. Twelve of the animals were designated for bi-monthly slaughter (n = 2) and analysis of worm population characteristics and 20 were designated for blood and faecal collection and for weighing. Two parasite-free tracer calves were grazed alongside the weaner calves each month throughout the study period and were also slaughtered for analysis of worm populations. Faecal egg counts, haematological and serum pepsinogen determinations, herbage larval counts, and animal live weight changes were recorded monthly. The study revealed that Haemonchus placei, Trichostrongylus axei, Cooperia spp. and Oesophagostomum radiatum were responsible for parasitic gastroenteritis and that H. placei was the predominant nematode present in the young cattle on both farms. Faecal egg counts from resident cattle and necropsy worm counts revealed that pasture larval levels were directly related to the amount of rainfall. The total worm burdens in the animals were highest during the rainy season (March–June and October–December) and lowest during the dry seasons (July–September and January–February). The very low recovery of immature larvae of H. placei from the tracer calves indicated that arrested development is not a feature of the life cycle of this parasite in central Kenya. The maintenance of the parasite population depended on continuous cycling of infection between the host and the pasture. The agroclimatic conditions of the study area were such that, in general, favourable weather conditions for the development and survival of the free-living stages of gastrointestinal nematodes existed all year round. 相似文献
19.
The occurrence of ectoparasites in sheep flocks is frequently reported but seldom quantified. Sheep production used to be a predominantly family activity in the state of Sa~o Paulo (Brazil), but it began to become a commercial activity in the past decade. Thus, information about the ectoparasites existing in sheep flocks has become necessary. The present data were obtained by means of questionnaires sent to all sheep breeders belonging to the `Associaça~o Paulista de Criadores de Ovinos' (ASPACO; Sa~o Paulo State Association of Sheep Breeders). Response reliability was tested by means of random visits paid to 10.6% of the respondents. Most of the properties (89.5%) reported the presence of one or more ectoparasites. Screw-worm (Cochliomyia hominivorax) was the most frequent ectoparasite (72.5%), followed by bot fly larvae (Dermatobia hominis, 45.0%), ticks (Amblyomma cajennense) and Boophilus microplus, 31.3%) and finally lice (Damalinia ovis, 13.8%). Combined infestations also occurred, the most common one being screw-worm with bot fly larvae (36.0%) followed by bot fly larvae with ticks (13.9%), screw-worm with ticks (9.3%), bot fly larvae with lice (6.9%), and ticks with lice (5.0%). The most common triple combination was screw-worm, bot fly larvae and ticks (12.8%). Breeds raised for meat or wool were attacked by bot fly larvae and ticks more often than other breeds. Lice were only absent from animals of indigenous breeds. The relationships among these ectoparasites are discussed in terms of sheep breeds, flock size, seasonality and the ectoparasitic combinations on the host. 相似文献