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1.
采用气管结扎、链霉蛋白酶灌注冷消化法分离猪气管上皮细胞,并以对数生长期的猪肺炎支原体(Mhp)感染猪气管上皮细胞,通过间接免疫荧光技术定性定量研究不同滴度的猪肺炎支原体对猪气管上皮细胞的黏附及相同滴度的猪肺炎支原体随时间变化对猪气管上皮细胞的黏附。结果表明,分离的猪气管上皮细胞存活率为95%以上,广谱角蛋白染色阳性;Mhp野毒株XLW-1与猪气管上皮细胞37℃作用30min就能看到少量的支原体黏附,作用4h以上时黏附更明显,并且,二者作用1、2、4、6、10h,XLW-1对猪气管上皮细胞的黏附与阴性对照相比差异极显著(P0.01);1×107、2.5×106 CCU/mL的XLW-1与猪气管上皮细胞37℃作用6h,能看到支原体黏附于细胞表面,并且与阴性对照相比差异极显著(P0.01),而其他低滴度的XLW-1则看不到黏附。 相似文献
2.
为更真实地探究猪肺炎支原体(Mhp)不同毒力菌株对猪气管上皮细胞(STEC)的致病性差异与机制,通过气液界面培养技术(ALI),建立了传代STEC细胞系3D分化培养模型及Mhp在此细胞上的感染模型。将相同剂量的Mhp强毒株NJ株、中等毒力菌株AH株和弱毒株168L株分别感染3D培养的猪气管上皮细胞,分别通过单层细胞跨膜电阻检测、Alamar Blue检测、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)释放检测等试验测定细胞单层完整性与细胞活性,并通过激光共聚焦和荧光分光光度计测定感染后48h的细胞MUC5B黏液蛋白的分泌量,从细胞生长特性、活性和黏液分泌功能方面比较不同毒力Mhp菌株感染对STEC分化细胞的影响。研究还从细胞氧化系统方面,比较检测各感染组细胞内NO和内源性ROS分泌量,进一步探索Mhp的致病机制。结果表明:强毒株NJ株和中等毒力AH株组纤毛有明显的变粗、破损和脱落现象,而弱毒株168L株组对纤毛的影响较小;Mhp菌株感染后细胞单层跨膜电阻显著下降,且电阻下降程度与菌株毒力呈正相关。Alamar Blue检测试验、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)释放检测结果均表明,Mhp NJ株与AH株感染后均可以显著降低细胞活性,且在感染后48h最明显。Mhp菌株感染后还可促进分化细胞分泌MUC5B黏蛋白,菌株毒力越强,刺激黏蛋白分泌的量也越多。氧化应激检测结果显示,除Mhp弱毒菌株168L株外,中等毒力菌株AH株和强毒株NJ株感染3D分化的STEC细胞后,可显著刺激细胞分泌NO和内源性ROS,显著引起细胞的氧化应激反应。而经NAC抗氧化处理后,强毒株NJ株、中等毒力AH株和弱毒株168L株组细胞ROS和黏液分泌量均显著降低,细胞活性和电阻值均显著升高。本研究通过更接近体内环境的3D分化细胞感染模型证明,Mhp感染可对宿主细胞的生长特性与活性产生损伤,且损伤的程度与毒力呈正相关;而这种损伤机制与Mhp菌株引起感染细胞氧化应激的能力密切相关。 相似文献
3.
猪支原体肺炎活疫苗（168株）肺内免疫机制研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为研究猪支原体肺炎活疫苗(168株)的免疫机制,通过肺内接种免疫5 ～ 10日龄仔猪,并于免疫后不同时间点检测血清中IgG抗体效价、全血中淋巴细胞转化效率、呼吸道局部的IFN-γ浓度和特异性SIgA滴度,于免疫后28 d剖杀采集呼吸道上皮组织,通过扫描电镜法与原位杂交检测法观察疫苗株在呼吸道的存留以及对纤毛的影响情况.结果发现,免疫后猪血液中淋巴细胞转化增强1.52～2.01倍,支气管表面IFN-γ浓度和特异性SIgA滴度持续增加,但血清抗体一直未检测到.扫描电镜与原位杂交检测结果发现疫苗株能有效地黏附在支气管纤毛上皮细胞上,但对纤毛的影响较小.由此表明,猪支原体肺炎活疫苗(168株)通过肺内免疫可有效激活全身细胞免疫及呼吸道局部的黏膜免疫与细胞免疫反应,而且还可以通过黏附支气管纤毛上皮细胞产生占位效应而对上皮组织不产生损伤. 相似文献
4.
猪肺炎支原体是引起猪地方性肺炎的主要病原,流行于世界各地,给养猪业造成重大经济损失。本文综述了猪肺炎支原体的主要传播途径以及引起的临床症状和肺部病变,总结了其主要致病机理,分析了综合控制该疫病的方法。猪肺炎支原体的主要传播途径是与感染猪密切接触,也可通过空气远距离传播,但无垂直传播相关报道;猪肺炎支原体感染的主要临床特征是间歇性、强度可变的干咳,但在与其他病原继发或混合感染后,临床症状和肺部病变可能会加重;猪肺炎支原体主要通过释放黏附素引起纤毛发生病变、死亡,导致上皮细胞受损或脱落从而影响纤毛功能,也能通过产生剧毒的H2O2等代谢产物引发毒性效应;防治该病首先要通过生物安全措施控制猪肺炎支原体的传入,其次是采用抗菌药物进行治疗,最后是通过接种疫苗降低其传播率。本文为猪养殖场做好猪肺炎支原体病防控提供了参考。 相似文献
5.
猪肺炎支原体主要经呼吸道感染，损伤纤毛和上皮细胞，其致病的一个重要的潜在因素是支原体与淋巴细胞的相互作用。在体外，支原体膜是猪淋巴细胞的促有丝分裂剂，感染支原体后改变了肺泡巨噬细胞的吞噬功能，使猪只产生免疫抑制。猪弓形体病是一种人畜共患病，能引起母猪流产、产弱仔、发育不良等症状。早在1971年， 相似文献
6.
猪瘟病毒流行株与疫苗株主要抗原编码基因差异研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
从全国7个省市1200多份可疑猪瘟病料中分离出9个猪瘟病毒（HCV）野毒株，编号分别为HCV－01－09。将9株野毒分别通过PK15细胞分别通过PK15细胞传6代，测其毒价，并提纯做电镜观察，结果表明：毒价范围在10^2-10^7TCID50，电镜观察均可清晰地见到直径为25－70nm，略呈圆形的病毒颗粒，具有较完整的囊膜和纤突结构。从9株野毒中选取5株经猪瘟阴性猪各传3－4代，测其毒力、病原性、致死性，结果表明：各毒株在传代中其上述生物学特性上有变化和差别。用猪瘟兔化弱毒疫苗分别对这5株野毒做免疫保护相关性试验，结果证明：攻毒后的疫苗接种猪100％保护，而攻毒对照猪100％死亡，且对照猪在攻毒1周后便出现猪瘟野毒感染，而免疫猪在整个观察期均未见到野毒感染。用不同剂量的猪瘟兔化弱毒，表明猪瘟兔化弱毒不通过胎盘垂直感染仔猪。将猪瘟野毒株、石门系强毒株、兔化弱毒株及1982年分离的郑州野毒等毒株进行主要抗原编码基因差异研究，结果表明：猪瘟病毒可分2个基因组6个基因亚组，HCV－02、03、06、07等4个野毒株与国内的C株、石门强毒株、国外的C株、日本GPE株、ALD株、意大利Brescia株均属同一基困组，而HCV－08株及郑州株等2个野毒与法国的Alfor株同属另一个基因组。 相似文献
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猪肺炎支原体P216基因片段的表达及黏附活性研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本研究旨在研究猪肺炎支原体P216蛋白的黏附活性并初步建立猪肺炎支原体蛋白黏附模型。根据软件分析和文献报道从P216全基因中选取亲水性、抗原性、黏附性较好的目的片段,利用PCR从Mhp NJ株扩增P216基因片段,克隆到表达载体pET-32a(+)中,获得重组质粒pET-32a(+)/P216,经IPTG诱导获得重组蛋白,通过Western blot和间接免疫荧光试验检测重组蛋白的免疫原性及黏附活性。结果表明,PCR扩增的目的基因大小为l 636bp;SDS-PAGE检测重组蛋白相对分子质量为80.1ku;Western blot检测表明重组蛋白能与Mhp阳性血清发生特异性反应;间接免疫荧光试验表明该蛋白对猪肺炎支原体黏附SJPL细胞产生占位抑制作用。结果提示,P216蛋白具有良好的黏附活性,能黏附SJPL细胞,从而为猪肺炎支原体其他黏附因子的研究奠定基础。 相似文献
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检验猪肺炎支原体强毒株与弱毒株感染后呼吸道sIgA抗体活性,并比较其抗体分泌规律差异。分别使用猪肺炎支原体强毒JS株和弱毒168株接种实验猪,同时设置健康猪为对照组,按时采集鼻拭子样本。通过ELISA检测0,2,4,7,14,21,28,35,42,49和56d特异性sIgA抗体滴度,比较两组抗体分泌规律。结果显示,在接种4~7d之间,强毒组已出现阳性猪,14d时所有猪呈感染阳性。而弱毒组在14~21d之间开始逐渐出现阳性猪,35d时80%左右的猪呈阳性感染,随后下降。并且强毒组抗体平均滴度高于弱毒组。结果显示,强毒转阳更早,抗体滴度更高,持续时间更长;弱毒为猪支原体肺炎弱毒疫苗株,该菌株同样保持了良好的免疫原性,可刺激呼吸道黏膜产生特异的sIgA,但黏膜抗体转阳时间较晚,滴度较低。强弱毒株在黏膜抗体分泌方面的差异有助于临床上对猪肺炎支原体的感染以及活疫苗免疫进行区别鉴定。 相似文献
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猪肺炎支原体表面蛋白P46基因的克隆与序列比较 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
猪肺炎支原体(Mycoplasma Hyopneumoniae,Mhp)兔化弱毒株R659株、济南强毒株、强毒Z株、国际标准株232,通过A26培养基培养,提取DNA;利用PCR技术从四株猪肺炎支原体中均能扩增出目的条带.将该序列克隆到pGEM-T-Easy载体上测序.结果表明,克隆序列全长1 152 bp,编码383个氨基酸和一个终止子(TAA);该序列中含有3个TGA编码Trp,而不是终止密码子.比较兔化弱毒株与济南强毒株、国际标准株232及NCBI上发布的J株的P46基因序列,发现它们的同源性分别为98.6%、99.2%、99.2%;比较它们编码的氨基酸发现它们的同源性分别为98.7%、99.2%、99.2%.结果表明猪肺炎支原体的P46基因在猪肺炎支原体种内是很保守的,因此建立以P46蛋白为诊断抗原的ELISA具有潜在的意义. 相似文献
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Rassnick KM Gieger TL Williams LE Ruslander DM Northrup NC Kristal O Myers NC Moore AS 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2001,15(3):196-199
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks. 相似文献
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Davis MS Willard MD Nelson SL Mandsager RE McKiernan BS Mansell JK Lehenbauer TW 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(3):311-314
Human and equine athletes are reported to have a high prevalence of gastric disease, and anecdotal evidence suggests a similar phenomenon applies to racing sled dogs. To investigate the prevalence of gastric disease in racing sled dogs, we conducted 2 gastroscopy studies on dogs competing in the annual Iditarod Sled Dog Race. A pilot study of dogs that were either dropped from the 2000 Iditarod Sled Dog Race because of illness or that finished the race indicated that, approximately 5 days after competing, 10 of 28 dogs (35%) had endoscopic evidence of gastric ulceration, erosion, or hemorrhage. The next year, an endoscopic study of 73 dogs participating in the 2001 Iditarod race was performed in order to evaluate a larger population of dogs. Data from 70 of these dogs could be used; 34 (48.5%) had ulceration, erosion, gastric hemorrhage, or some combination of these findings. When this group of 70 dogs was compared retrospectively to a control group of 87 dogs presented to the Texas A&M University (TAMU) Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, the Iditarod sled dogs had a significantly higher prevalence (P = .049) of gastric lesions. These findings suggest that, similar to athletes of other species, elite canine athletes have an increased prevalence of gastric disease compared to the canine population at large. 相似文献
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Furosemide continuous rate infusion in the horse: evaluation of enhanced efficacy and reduced side effects 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Johansson AM Gardner SY Levine JF Papich MG LaFevers DH Fuquay LR Reagan VH Atkins CE 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(6):887-895
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses. 相似文献
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Tropical Animal Health and Production - 相似文献
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Waruiru RM Thamsborg SM Nansen P Kyvsgaard NC Bogh HO Munyua WK Gathuma JM 《Tropical animal health and production》2001,33(3):173-187
The epidemiology of H. placei and of other gastrointestinal nematodes in yearling dairy cattle was examined on two farms in Kiambu District, central Kenya during each of 13 one-month periods from April 1993 to April 1994. On each farm, 32 newly weaned dairy calves were given a single dose of albendazole and then placed on experimental pastures. Twelve of the animals were designated for bi-monthly slaughter (n = 2) and analysis of worm population characteristics and 20 were designated for blood and faecal collection and for weighing. Two parasite-free tracer calves were grazed alongside the weaner calves each month throughout the study period and were also slaughtered for analysis of worm populations. Faecal egg counts, haematological and serum pepsinogen determinations, herbage larval counts, and animal live weight changes were recorded monthly. The study revealed that Haemonchus placei, Trichostrongylus axei, Cooperia spp. and Oesophagostomum radiatum were responsible for parasitic gastroenteritis and that H. placei was the predominant nematode present in the young cattle on both farms. Faecal egg counts from resident cattle and necropsy worm counts revealed that pasture larval levels were directly related to the amount of rainfall. The total worm burdens in the animals were highest during the rainy season (March–June and October–December) and lowest during the dry seasons (July–September and January–February). The very low recovery of immature larvae of H. placei from the tracer calves indicated that arrested development is not a feature of the life cycle of this parasite in central Kenya. The maintenance of the parasite population depended on continuous cycling of infection between the host and the pasture. The agroclimatic conditions of the study area were such that, in general, favourable weather conditions for the development and survival of the free-living stages of gastrointestinal nematodes existed all year round. 相似文献
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The occurrence of ectoparasites in sheep flocks is frequently reported but seldom quantified. Sheep production used to be a predominantly family activity in the state of Sa~o Paulo (Brazil), but it began to become a commercial activity in the past decade. Thus, information about the ectoparasites existing in sheep flocks has become necessary. The present data were obtained by means of questionnaires sent to all sheep breeders belonging to the `Associaça~o Paulista de Criadores de Ovinos' (ASPACO; Sa~o Paulo State Association of Sheep Breeders). Response reliability was tested by means of random visits paid to 10.6% of the respondents. Most of the properties (89.5%) reported the presence of one or more ectoparasites. Screw-worm (Cochliomyia hominivorax) was the most frequent ectoparasite (72.5%), followed by bot fly larvae (Dermatobia hominis, 45.0%), ticks (Amblyomma cajennense) and Boophilus microplus, 31.3%) and finally lice (Damalinia ovis, 13.8%). Combined infestations also occurred, the most common one being screw-worm with bot fly larvae (36.0%) followed by bot fly larvae with ticks (13.9%), screw-worm with ticks (9.3%), bot fly larvae with lice (6.9%), and ticks with lice (5.0%). The most common triple combination was screw-worm, bot fly larvae and ticks (12.8%). Breeds raised for meat or wool were attacked by bot fly larvae and ticks more often than other breeds. Lice were only absent from animals of indigenous breeds. The relationships among these ectoparasites are discussed in terms of sheep breeds, flock size, seasonality and the ectoparasitic combinations on the host. 相似文献
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H Hayashi T Yoshimura J Y Chen 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》1985,8(2):73-87
Our particular attention in this article was given to natural mediators for macrophages isolated from the sites of tissue injury. A number of chemotactic factors, which may satisfy many criteria making them acceptable as inflammatory leucocyte chemotactic factors, has been separated. Among them, our laboratory has isolated three macrophage (monocyte) chemotactic factors (MCF-a, -b and -c). Their purification, characterization and functional specificity are discussed. 相似文献
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Evaluation of biohydrogenation rate of canola vs. soya bean seeds as unsaturated fatty acids sources for ruminants in situ 
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下载免费PDF全文 S. Pashaei T. Ghoorchi A. Yamchi 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2016,100(2):211-216
An experiment was conducted to study disappearance of C14 to C18 fatty acids, lag times and biohydrogenation (BH) rates of C18 fatty acids of ground soya bean and canola seeds in situ. Three ruminally fistulated Dallagh sheep were used to determine ruminal BH of unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs). Differences in the disappearance of fatty acids through the bags and lag times were observed between the oilseeds. We saw that the longer the incubation time of the oilseeds in the rumen, the lower the content of C18:2 and C18:3. Significantly higher lag times for both C18:2 and C18:3 were observed in ground canola compared to ground soya bean. BH rates of C18:2 and C18:3 fatty acids in soya bean were three times higher than those of canola. These results suggest that the fatty acid profile of fat source can affect the BH of UFAs by rumen micro‐organisms. So that UFAs of canola had higher ability to escape from ruminal BH. It seems that fatty acid profile of ruminant products is more affected by canola seed compared to soya bean seed. 相似文献
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Serum biochemical values and the wet weight to dry weight ratios of tissues were determined in yaks in Shandan county of Gansu province. The liver, kidney, heart and muscle contents of seven elements in yaks were also analysed. Most serum biochemical values were similar to those of cattle, camels and sheep, but the calcium concentration was considerably above the normal range for other ruminants. The liver contained the highest concentrations of copper, manganese and cobalt and the kidney of selenium, iron and calcium.Abbreviations Alb
albumin
- ALT
alanine aminotransferase
- AST
aspartate aminotransferase
- BUN
blood urea nitrogen
- Chol
cholesterol
- Glob
globulin
- -GT
-glutamyl transpeptidase
- IP
inorganic phosphorus
- TP
total protein 相似文献