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1.
为了揭示玉米赤霉烯酮(ZEA)雄性生殖毒性的机理及建立相应的防控措施,研究ZEA对大鼠原代培养的大鼠睾丸支持细胞(SC)的氧化损伤作用以及N-乙酰半胱氨酸(NAC)对其的保护作用,试验用不同浓度ZEA[0(对照组),5,10,20μmol/L]处理大鼠原代SC 24 h,用试剂盒法检测胞内超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性及丙二醛(MDA)含量,用流式细胞术检测胞内活性氧(ROS)水平,用JC-1免疫荧光探针结合流式细胞术检测线粒体膜电位(ΔΨm)等的变化;添加NAC[设0(对照组)、20μmol/L ZEA、100μmol/L NAC、20μmol/L ZEA+100μmol/L NAC等4组]保护后,检测其对以上指标的影响。结果表明:与对照组比较,10μmol/L ZEA染毒组SOD活性显著升高(P0.05),20μmol/L ZEA染毒组极显著升高(P0.01);10,20μmol/L ZEA染毒组MDA含量均极显著升高(P0.01);5μmol/L ZEA染毒组ROS水平显著升高(P0.05),10,20μmol/L ZEA染毒组ROS水平均极显著升高(P0.01);5μmol/L ZEA染毒组ΔΨm显著下降(P0.05),10,20μmol/L ZEA染毒组ΔΨm均极显著下降(P0.01)。与20μmol/L ZEA染毒组相比,20μmol/L ZEA+100μmol/L NAC联合处理组睾丸支持细胞胞内SOD活性和MDA含量显著下降(P0.05),ROS水平极显著降低(P0.01),ΔΨm极显著增高(P0.01)。说明ZEA可以造成睾丸支持细胞氧化毒性损伤,且一定浓度的NAC对这一过程具有保护作用。  相似文献   

2.
为探讨玉米赤霉烯酮(zearalenon,ZEA)雄性生殖毒性作用机理,研究ZEA诱导大鼠睾丸支持细胞(sertoli cell,SC)的凋亡途径,试验选取大鼠原代SC为研究材料,用不同浓度ZEA(0、5、10、20μmol/L)处理SC 24 h后,采用实时荧光定量PCR法检测Bax和Bcl-2 mRNA表达水平;用Western blotting法检测Bax、Bcl-2等线粒体凋亡途径相关蛋白表达;同时检测了20μmol/L ZEA联合Caspase-8抑制剂(Z-IETD-FMK)处理对SC凋亡率和线粒体凋亡相关蛋白的影响。结果显示,与对照组相比,20μmol/L ZEA组细胞Bcl-2转录水平显著下降(P<0.05),Bax转录水平显著上升(P<0.05);10、20μmol/L ZEA组Bax/Bcl-2比值及Cyto-CytC、Cleaved Caspase-9、Cleaved Caspase-3表达量极显著上升(P<0.01),而Mito-CytC表达量极显著下降(P<0.01);与ZEA组相比,ZEA与Z-IETD-FMK联合处理可使ZEA诱导的SC凋亡率极显著下降(P<0.01),tBid/Bid、Bax/Bcl-2、Cyto-CytC、Cleaved-Caspase3、Cleaved-Caspase9蛋白表达显著或极显著下降(P<0.05;P<0.01),而Mito-CytC表达量极显著上升(P<0.01)。综合试验结果,ZEA能够通过线粒体途径诱导大鼠SC发生凋亡。  相似文献   

3.
镉对大鼠原代肝细胞的毒性损伤   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  
用两步灌流法获得大鼠肝细胞,肝细胞暴露于浓度为2.5、5、10μmol/L的醋酸镉24 h.测定了细胞活力、培养上清液中乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、天冬氨酸转氨酶(AST)和丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)活性及细胞内谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-PX)活性、还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)和丙二醛(MDA)含量的变化.结果表明,细胞相对存活率显著下降(P<0.01),LDH、AST和ALT的释放量增加,5μmol/L和10 μmol/L剂量组与对照组相比差异均显著(P<0.01),细胞内GSH-PX活性降低,各剂量染毒组与对照组相比,差异均极显著(P<0.01);细胞内GSH含量升高,5 μmol/L和10μmol/L剂量组与对照组差异均显著(P<0.05),细胞内MDA含量升高,10μmol/L剂量组与对照组相比差异显著(P<0.05).表明镉可致肝细胞损伤,并且氧化应激起了重要作用.  相似文献   

4.
为揭示玉米赤霉烯酮(zearalenone, ZEA)的雄性生殖毒性及其机理，本试验研究了ZEA对大鼠睾丸支持细胞(sertoli cells, SCs)脂质合成的影响。选用大鼠原代SCs作为材料，设置对照组(无ZEA组)、染毒组(不同浓度ZEA处理组),处理24 h后，CCK-8法检测细胞活性，甘油三酯(TG)试剂盒检测TG含量，尼罗红染色检测细胞内脂滴含量，蛋白免疫印迹检测脂肪酸合成蛋白的表达，ATP试剂盒检测细胞内ATP含量。结果显示，染毒组与对照组相比，ZEA浓度为20,30μmol/L时，大鼠SCs活性呈极显著下降趋势；10,20μmol/L ZEA可促使SCs内TG含量的极显著上升(P<0.01),且呈剂量依赖性关系；20μmol/L ZEA可促使SCs内脂滴含量的极显著性上升(P<0.01);各ZEA染毒组的脂质合成相关蛋白PPARγ和SREBP1的表达呈现极显著性上升(P<0.01),FAS呈现上升趋势但无显著性(P>0.05);10,20μmol/L ZEA组ATP呈现极显著性下降(P<0.01)。结果表明，ZEA对大鼠SCs具有一定的毒...  相似文献   

5.
以TM4细胞(小鼠睾丸支持细胞株)为材料,用不同浓度的玉米赤酶烯酮(zearalenone,ZEA)染毒,利用透射电子显微镜(设0,5,10,20μmol/L ZEA浓度组),流式细胞仪、Western blot等技术检测了细胞超微结构、凋亡率、凋亡相关调控蛋白以及内质网应激相关蛋白的变化(设0,0.1,1,10,20μmol/L ZEA浓度组);通过转染PERK(蛋白激酶R样内质网激酶)siRNA,沉默PERK基因后检测了ZEA诱导TM4细胞凋亡率和凋亡相关蛋白的变化。结果显示:与对照组相比,20μmol/L浓度组损伤最为严重。随着ZEA浓度的增加,细胞凋亡相关蛋白Bax/Bcl-2的值逐渐升高,cleaved caspase 9、cleaved caspase 3蛋白表达量均呈升高趋势,1μmol/L以上染毒组均较各自对照组有极显著差异(P0.01);内质网应激相关蛋白BIP、CHOP的表达量也呈升高趋势,10μmol/L以上染毒组BIP、0.1μmol/L以上染毒组CHOP的表达量均较对照组有显著或极显著差异(P0.05或P0.01);PERK通路蛋白含量在10μmol/L时最高,20,30μmol/L时逐渐降低,但各染毒组与对照组相比呈显著或极显著差异(P0.05或P0.01);TM4细胞caspase3的活性和凋亡率均呈升高趋势,10μmol/L以上染毒组caspase3的活性较对照组均有极显著差异(P0.01),各染毒组细胞的凋亡率较对照组均有极显著差异(P0.01)。与10μmol/L ZEA处理组相比,siRNA PERK+10μmol/L ZEA组细胞凋亡率呈显著下降(P0.01),Bax/Bcl-2比值、cleaved caspase 3、cleaved caspase 9表达量均下降(P0.05或P0.01)。结果表明,ZEA可触发TM4细胞内质网应激,通过PERK-eLF2α-ATF4信号通路诱导细胞发生凋亡,PERK信号通路在ZEA诱导TM4细胞凋亡中发挥重要作用。  相似文献   

6.
本研究旨在探讨虾青素(astaxanthin, Ast)对猪卵母细胞体外成熟及孤雌激活胚胎发育的影响,为进一步优化猪卵母细胞体外成熟培养体系提供参考。首先,将GV期猪卵母细胞培养在添加有不同浓度虾青素(0,5,10,20,40μmol/L)的体外成熟液中,40～44 h后统计第一极体排出率。结果显示与对照组相比,各处理组卵母细胞的第一极体排出率均显著升高(P<0.05),其中10μmol/L处理组卵母细胞的第一极体排出率显著高于5,20,40μmol/L处理组(P<0.05)。随后对MⅡ期卵母细胞进行孤雌激活处理,结果发现10μmol/L和20μmol/L处理组的卵裂率和囊胚发育率显著高于对照组(P<0.05),且10μmol/L处理组囊胚发育率显著高于20μmol/L处理组(P<0.05)。最后,检测虾青素处理后MⅡ期卵母细胞的活性氧水平、丙二醛及谷胱甘肽的含量,以及整个胚胎发育阶段中抗氧化酶相关基因SOD1和GPX4的表达变化,发现GV期卵母细胞经10μmol/L虾青素处理后,孤雌激活囊胚的细胞数极显著升高(P<0.01);而MⅡ期卵母细胞的活性氧水平...  相似文献   

7.
为揭示玉米赤霉烯酮(ZEA)生殖毒性的机理,试验以小鼠睾丸间质细胞系TM3细胞为对象,白藜芦醇(RSV)为激活剂,探究了SIRT1在玉米赤霉烯酮(ZEA)致小鼠睾丸间质细胞氧化损伤中的调控作用。试验分设对照组、RSV组(5μmol/L)、ZEA组(10μmol/L)、RSV+ZEA组(5μmol/L RSV+10μmol/L ZEA),处理24 h后,通过CCK-8法检测细胞活力,qRT-PCR检测细胞SIRT1基因表达,实时无标记动态细胞分析技术(RTCA)实时监测细胞指数,流式细胞术检测活性氧(ROS)水平,试剂盒检测细胞内丙二醛(MDA)含量和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性,qRT-PCR检测细胞谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)基因表达,AO/EB染色检测细胞凋亡情况。结果显示,与对照组比,ZEA浓度为10μmol/L时能极显著抑制TM3细胞的活性(P0.01),提高细胞内MDA水平(P0.01),抑制过氧化氢酶CAT活性,晚期凋亡的TM3细胞明显增多;与ZEA组相比,RSV+ZEA组细胞活力显著提高(P0.05),SIRT1基因明显激活(P0.01),MDA水平极显著下降(P0.01),CAT活力呈现显著性上升,GSH-Px和SOD基因表达水平显著上升(P0.05),晚期凋亡的TM3细胞明显减少。结论认为,SIRT1基因的激活可减轻ZEA对小鼠睾丸间质细胞的氧化损伤作用,减少细胞的凋亡损伤,对ZEA致TM3细胞损伤具有保护作用。  相似文献   

8.
为研究α-硫辛酸（α-lipoid acid,α-LA）对镉致PC12细胞氧化损伤的保护效应,通过不同浓度的醋酸镉染毒PC12细胞,并用100μmol/Lα-LA联合作用,测定PC12细胞内超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）活性和丙二醛（MDA）含量。结果表明：与对照组相比,10μmol/L醋酸镉处理24h组细胞MDA含量和CAT活性极显著升高（P〈0.01）,SOD和GSH-Px活性极显著降低（P〈0.01）;不同浓度镉处理组细胞内MDA含量和CAT活性显著或极显著升高（P〈0.05或P〈0.01）,10和20μmol/L组SOD和GSH-Px活性极显著降低（P〈0.01）。α-LA保护组与相应染毒组相比,MDA含量和CAT活性显著降低（P〈0.05）,SOD和GSHPx活性有升高趋势,但组间差异不显著（P〉0.05）。说明镉可致PC12细胞发生氧化应激,α-LA可以提高PC12细胞的抗氧化能力,对镉引起的氧化损伤有一定的保护作用。  相似文献   

9.
枯草芽孢杆菌对Caco-2细胞抗氧化功能的影响研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
本试验旨在研究枯草芽孢杆菌对氧化应激状态下Caco-2细胞抗氧化功能的影响。将Caco-2细胞分为4组,对照Ⅰ(空白对照组,0μmol/L H2O2)和对照Ⅱ(氧化应激组,100μmol/L H2O2),处理Ⅰ和处理Ⅱ分别在对照Ⅱ条件下添加枯草芽孢杆菌B1和B10(终浓度为0.3×108CFU/mL),分别于12、48h测定氧化应激状态下Caco-2细胞上清液和裂解液的抗氧化活性。结果表明:与空白对照组和氧化应激组相比,添加2株枯草芽孢杆菌均极显著提高了Caco-2细胞培养上清液12、48 h时的总抗氧化能力(P<0.01)。其中,菌株B1可显著提高上清液中抗超氧阴离子(O2-)(P<0.01)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)(P<0.01)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)(P<0.01)以及48h的过氧化物酶(POD)活性(P<0.01),而菌株B10除提高了Caco-2细胞上清液中抗O2-、SOD和CAT活性(P<0.01)外,还提高了细胞抑制羟自由基(.OH)能力(P<0.01)和POD活性(P<0.01或P<0.05);添加枯草芽孢杆菌组细胞上清液中12 h时的乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)活性和丙二醛(MDA)含量与氧化应激组相比差异不显著(P>0.05),48 h时则均极显著降低(P<0.01)。细胞培养12 h时,氧化应激组细胞裂解液中SOD活性和GSH含量比空白对照组低(P<0.05)而POD活性高(P<0.01),48h时结果与之相反,此时添加枯草芽孢杆菌组均极显著提高了细胞裂解液中POD的活性(P<0.01)。结果提示,2株枯草芽孢杆菌均提高了氧化应激状态下细胞的抗氧化功能。  相似文献   

10.
选用昆明种小鼠48只,随机分成4组,试验期5周。试验结束时摘眼球采血处死,对肝脏、脑采样,测定血清、肝脏和脑组织中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)的活性、丙二醛(MDA)的含量以及脑中单胺氧化酶(MAO)的活性。结果表明:何首乌低、高剂量组血清SOD活性分别显著和极显著高于模型组(P<0.05,P<0.01);肝SOD活性分别极显著和显著高于模型组(P<0.01,P<0.05)。血清MDA含量明显降低(P<0.01),肝脏仅高剂量组MDA含量极显著降低(P<0.01)。低剂量组脑SOD活性显著升高(P<0.05),高剂量脑MDA含量和MAO活性显著低于模型组(P<0.01,P<0.05)。研究表明,何首乌粗提物具有一定的抗氧化抗衰老调节作用。  相似文献   

11.
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks.  相似文献   

12.
Human and equine athletes are reported to have a high prevalence of gastric disease, and anecdotal evidence suggests a similar phenomenon applies to racing sled dogs. To investigate the prevalence of gastric disease in racing sled dogs, we conducted 2 gastroscopy studies on dogs competing in the annual Iditarod Sled Dog Race. A pilot study of dogs that were either dropped from the 2000 Iditarod Sled Dog Race because of illness or that finished the race indicated that, approximately 5 days after competing, 10 of 28 dogs (35%) had endoscopic evidence of gastric ulceration, erosion, or hemorrhage. The next year, an endoscopic study of 73 dogs participating in the 2001 Iditarod race was performed in order to evaluate a larger population of dogs. Data from 70 of these dogs could be used; 34 (48.5%) had ulceration, erosion, gastric hemorrhage, or some combination of these findings. When this group of 70 dogs was compared retrospectively to a control group of 87 dogs presented to the Texas A&M University (TAMU) Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, the Iditarod sled dogs had a significantly higher prevalence (P = .049) of gastric lesions. These findings suggest that, similar to athletes of other species, elite canine athletes have an increased prevalence of gastric disease compared to the canine population at large.  相似文献   

13.
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses.  相似文献   

14.
Tropical Animal Health and Production -  相似文献   

15.
The epidemiology of H. placei and of other gastrointestinal nematodes in yearling dairy cattle was examined on two farms in Kiambu District, central Kenya during each of 13 one-month periods from April 1993 to April 1994. On each farm, 32 newly weaned dairy calves were given a single dose of albendazole and then placed on experimental pastures. Twelve of the animals were designated for bi-monthly slaughter (n = 2) and analysis of worm population characteristics and 20 were designated for blood and faecal collection and for weighing. Two parasite-free tracer calves were grazed alongside the weaner calves each month throughout the study period and were also slaughtered for analysis of worm populations. Faecal egg counts, haematological and serum pepsinogen determinations, herbage larval counts, and animal live weight changes were recorded monthly. The study revealed that Haemonchus placei, Trichostrongylus axei, Cooperia spp. and Oesophagostomum radiatum were responsible for parasitic gastroenteritis and that H. placei was the predominant nematode present in the young cattle on both farms. Faecal egg counts from resident cattle and necropsy worm counts revealed that pasture larval levels were directly related to the amount of rainfall. The total worm burdens in the animals were highest during the rainy season (March–June and October–December) and lowest during the dry seasons (July–September and January–February). The very low recovery of immature larvae of H. placei from the tracer calves indicated that arrested development is not a feature of the life cycle of this parasite in central Kenya. The maintenance of the parasite population depended on continuous cycling of infection between the host and the pasture. The agroclimatic conditions of the study area were such that, in general, favourable weather conditions for the development and survival of the free-living stages of gastrointestinal nematodes existed all year round.  相似文献   

16.
The occurrence of ectoparasites in sheep flocks is frequently reported but seldom quantified. Sheep production used to be a predominantly family activity in the state of Sa~o Paulo (Brazil), but it began to become a commercial activity in the past decade. Thus, information about the ectoparasites existing in sheep flocks has become necessary. The present data were obtained by means of questionnaires sent to all sheep breeders belonging to the `Associaça~o Paulista de Criadores de Ovinos' (ASPACO; Sa~o Paulo State Association of Sheep Breeders). Response reliability was tested by means of random visits paid to 10.6% of the respondents. Most of the properties (89.5%) reported the presence of one or more ectoparasites. Screw-worm (Cochliomyia hominivorax) was the most frequent ectoparasite (72.5%), followed by bot fly larvae (Dermatobia hominis, 45.0%), ticks (Amblyomma cajennense) and Boophilus microplus, 31.3%) and finally lice (Damalinia ovis, 13.8%). Combined infestations also occurred, the most common one being screw-worm with bot fly larvae (36.0%) followed by bot fly larvae with ticks (13.9%), screw-worm with ticks (9.3%), bot fly larvae with lice (6.9%), and ticks with lice (5.0%). The most common triple combination was screw-worm, bot fly larvae and ticks (12.8%). Breeds raised for meat or wool were attacked by bot fly larvae and ticks more often than other breeds. Lice were only absent from animals of indigenous breeds. The relationships among these ectoparasites are discussed in terms of sheep breeds, flock size, seasonality and the ectoparasitic combinations on the host.  相似文献   

17.
Our particular attention in this article was given to natural mediators for macrophages isolated from the sites of tissue injury. A number of chemotactic factors, which may satisfy many criteria making them acceptable as inflammatory leucocyte chemotactic factors, has been separated. Among them, our laboratory has isolated three macrophage (monocyte) chemotactic factors (MCF-a, -b and -c). Their purification, characterization and functional specificity are discussed.  相似文献   

18.
Comparison of different tests to diagnose feline infectious peritonitis   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
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19.
An experiment was conducted to study disappearance of C14 to C18 fatty acids, lag times and biohydrogenation (BH) rates of C18 fatty acids of ground soya bean and canola seeds in situ. Three ruminally fistulated Dallagh sheep were used to determine ruminal BH of unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs). Differences in the disappearance of fatty acids through the bags and lag times were observed between the oilseeds. We saw that the longer the incubation time of the oilseeds in the rumen, the lower the content of C18:2 and C18:3. Significantly higher lag times for both C18:2 and C18:3 were observed in ground canola compared to ground soya bean. BH rates of C18:2 and C18:3 fatty acids in soya bean were three times higher than those of canola. These results suggest that the fatty acid profile of fat source can affect the BH of UFAs by rumen micro‐organisms. So that UFAs of canola had higher ability to escape from ruminal BH. It seems that fatty acid profile of ruminant products is more affected by canola seed compared to soya bean seed.  相似文献   

20.
Serum biochemical values and the wet weight to dry weight ratios of tissues were determined in yaks in Shandan county of Gansu province. The liver, kidney, heart and muscle contents of seven elements in yaks were also analysed. Most serum biochemical values were similar to those of cattle, camels and sheep, but the calcium concentration was considerably above the normal range for other ruminants. The liver contained the highest concentrations of copper, manganese and cobalt and the kidney of selenium, iron and calcium.Abbreviations Alb albumin - ALT alanine aminotransferase - AST aspartate aminotransferase - BUN blood urea nitrogen - Chol cholesterol - Glob globulin - -GT -glutamyl transpeptidase - IP inorganic phosphorus - TP total protein  相似文献   

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