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为鉴定、验证、评价分光光度测量法在试管凝集试验结果判定中的实用价值,按照《动物布鲁氏菌病诊断技术》(GB/T 18646-2002)试管凝集试验操作方法检测72份已知凝集效价血清,比较分光光度测量法和比浊法判定结果差异。结果显示,分光光度测量法和比浊法判定72份血清效价与已知效价符合率分别为88.89%(64/72)、83.33%(60/72)(P0.05),判定结果一致率为94.44%,Kappa值0.770.75,但分光光度测量法判定效价与已知效价符合率高于比浊法,且对试验结果的判定更为客观、准确,因此,分光光度测量法判定试管凝集试验结果适宜在布鲁菌病监测中推广应用。 相似文献
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含抗凝剂样品对畜间布鲁氏菌病检测结果的影响 《畜牧与饲料科学》2015,36(10):0-0
[目的]探讨含抗凝剂样品对布鲁氏菌病虎红平板凝集试验和试管凝集试验的影响。[方法]选取2012年内蒙古东胜区周边牛、羊各50头(只),每只动物分别采集2份血液样品,其中一份用含有抗凝剂肝素钠采血管,另一份用不含任何抗凝剂的普通采血管。2份血液样品同时离心,取上清液按照动物布鲁氏菌病诊断技术进行试验。[结果]同只动物血液标本用含有抗凝剂采血管的试验结果均为布鲁氏菌病阳性,用不含抗凝剂的普通采血管结果均为布鲁氏菌病阴性。[结论]布鲁氏菌病虎红平板凝集试验和试管凝集试验不能使用含有抗凝剂的血液样品,易出现假阳性。 相似文献
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布鲁氏菌病和结核病是2种严重危害人民身体健康和畜牧业发展的人畜共患病。吴忠市利通区是宁夏回族自治区规定的布鲁氏菌病和结核病稳定控制区达标考核县（区）之一，为了继续贯彻稳定控制区内以免疫、监测和淘汰病畜为主的综合性防制措施，基层兽医工作者为此付出了几十年的艰辛。近年出现了阳性畜检出率上升的趋势。为了引起有关决策部门的注意，有必要对利通区多年来 “两病”检疫监测情况加以总结。布鲁氏菌病平板凝集试验、试管凝集试验和结核菌素变态反应的方法和操作，2002年以前依照农业部《动物检疫操作规程》进行；2002年以后布鲁氏菌病按照GB/T18646 2002进行，结核病按照GB/T18645 2002规定的标准进行。结果表明：利通区奶牛布鲁氏菌病的阳性检出率与20世纪60年代相比下降了17.43%；比80年代初下降了3.73%；比90年代下降了4.05%；比2000年度下降了1.37%，比2001年度下降了0.99%，比2002、2003、2004年分别增加了0.04%、0.05%、0.04%，出现了阳性检出率的小反弹。 相似文献
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广西山羊布鲁氏菌病血清学调查 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
我国的羊布鲁氏菌病主要流行于东北、西北及内蒙古牧区。近年来,广西大力发展山羊养殖,各地引种频繁,在引种中疏忽了对该病的检疫,造成了一定的隐患。为摸清疫情,消除隐患,从2003年8月到2005年10月对全区山羊传统主产区和新养殖区的11市28县(区)进行山羊布鲁氏菌病血清学调查,结果报告如下。1材料和方法1.1血清现场采血,分离血清后,冷冻保存待检。1.2抗原及标准阳性血清试管凝集抗原购自中国流行病学研究所,批号2004-03,有效期2006.03。阴性血清自备,批号2003-1,有效期2008.06。1.3方法具体操作按《动物布鲁氏菌病诊断技术》(GB/T18646—2002)的规定进行。血清先做虎红平板凝集试验筛选,阳性和可疑样品再做试管凝集试验进一步确认,判断标准为:血清稀释1∶50出现“ ”以上凝集,判为阳性。2结果检测南宁、崇左、北海、梧州、贺州、桂林、河池、防城港、来宾、百色和柳州11市的28县(区)共1469份血清,检测结果如表1。3小结检测区内11个市28个县(区)共1469份血清,结果阳性18份,阳性率为1.23%。检出的18份阳性血清均来自柳州市的一个养羊点,经现场重新采血,试管凝集试验确... 相似文献
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《吉林畜牧兽医》2018,(12)
目的:通过对牛群秋季例行检疫,检出来一头公牛携带布鲁氏杆菌,检验过程及讨论分析,说明在布病稳定控制区必须采取综合防治措施才能有效控制布鲁氏菌病,为降低动物及人的感染风险具有重要参考价值。方法:遵照《动物布鲁氏菌病诊断技术》国家标准方法 (GB/T 18646-2002):虎红平板凝集试验(RBPT)、试管凝集试验(SAT)和补体结合试验(CFT)复合。结果:(1)虎红平板凝集试验RBPT方法结果示(+);(2)布鲁氏菌血和淋巴液涂片检验,淋巴液片中检出布鲁氏杆菌(+),呈红色多数集结细胞内短小杆菌,只有少数在细胞外;(3)试管凝集试验SAT方法结果显示:1:100(++);结论:该牛确诊患布鲁氏杆菌病。根据目前松原地区布病发展趋势,采取综合防治措施予以控制。牛应该预防接种布氏杆菌19号活菌苗。 相似文献
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[目的 ]为在布鲁氏菌病临床检疫中选择可靠的血清学检测方法提供参考。[方法 ]对采集的294份牛血清样品用虎红平板凝集试验(RBT)、试管凝集试验(SAT)、酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)和补体结合试验(CFT)进行布鲁氏菌病抗体检测,比较RBT与ELISA,SAT与CFT的符合率及Kappa值,以CFT作为判定标准,比较四种检测方法的敏感性和特异性。[结果 ]RBT与ELISA、SAT与CFT检测方法的符合率高达到95%以上,且Kappa值均大于0.75。以CFT作为判定标准,RBT和ELISA的敏感性较好,但有假阳性;SAT的特异性较好,但有假阴性。综合比较认为ELISA的敏感性和特异性都比较理想。[结论 ]临床工作中使用RBT或ELISA对布鲁氏菌病进行初筛,用CFT进行复核确诊,通过两种或两种以上的血清学检测方法联合诊断,结果较为理想。 相似文献
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《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2017,(18)
布鲁氏菌病(简称布病)是一种危害养殖业的重要疫病。为了筛选出布病净化过程当中适合的检测方法,从而做好动物布病的诊断和净化工作,对GB/T 18646—2002和世界动物卫生组织(OIE)推荐的布鲁氏菌病抗体检测方法进行了比较。结果表明:在检测牛、羊血清布鲁氏菌病抗体的试验中,虎红平板凝集试验与其他方法差异最大,Kappa分析值(K值)在0.122~0.701之间,两种ELISA法一致性最高,K值在0.9以上,ELISA法和试管凝集试验、补体结合试验的K值在0.329~0.566之间,一致性较差,试管凝集试验和补体结合试验的K值在0.483~0.723之间,一致性较好。说明虎红平板凝集试验的敏感性最高,但是易出现假阳性,适合初步筛选,而在确诊时应优先选择间接ELISA试验或竞争ELISA试验,其次是试管凝集试验或补体结合试验。 相似文献
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本研究以国家标准《动物布鲁氏菌病诊断技术》(GB/T 18646-2018)中的试管凝集试验方法为确诊金标准,对353份临床牛、羊和猪血清样品进行确诊,然后分别采用虎红平板凝集试验抗原和抗体检测试纸条,对该353份临床血清进行检测,比较两种诊断制品在布鲁氏菌病初筛中的差异。经统计分析发现,虎红平板凝集试验抗原敏感性为100%(23/23),特异性为97.88%(323/330),与确诊结果间的Kappa值为0.86;布鲁氏菌抗体检测试纸条敏感性为100%(23/23),特异性为99.39%(328/330),与确诊结果间的Kappa值为0.95,两种方法的重复性试验结果均一致。试验结果证明,布鲁氏菌抗体检测试纸条和布鲁氏菌虎红平板凝集试验抗原都能满足布鲁氏菌病初筛的需求;由于布鲁氏菌抗体检测试纸条的储存、运输和操作的便捷性,在部分地区或特殊环境下可替代布鲁氏菌虎红平板凝集试验抗原用于布鲁氏菌病初筛。 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献
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乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物.本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制.乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道.文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分(表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖)与肠道受体(C型凝集素受体、Toll样受体和Nod样受体),阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制. 相似文献
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Billinghurst RC Brama PA van Weeren PR Knowlton MS McIlwraith CW 《American journal of veterinary research》2004,65(2):143-150
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether serum concentrations of biomarkers of skeletal metabolism can, in conjunction with radiographic evaluation, indicate severity of osteochondrosis in developing horses. ANIMALS: 43 Dutch Warmblood foals with varying severity of osteochondrosis. PROCEDURE: 24 foals were monitored for 5 months and 19 foals were monitored for 11 months. Monthly radiographs of femoropatellar-femorotibial and tibio-tarsal joints were graded for osteochondral abnormalities. Serial blood samples were assayed for 8 cartilage and bone biomarkers. At the end of the monitoring period, foals were examined for macroscopic osteochondrosis lesions. RESULTS: Temporal relationships were evident between certain serum biomarkers and osteochondrosis severity in foals during their first year. Biomarkers of collagen degradation (collagenase-generated neoepitopes of type-II collagen fragments, type-I and -II collagen fragments [COL2-3/4C(short)], and cross-linked telopeptide fragments of type-I collagen) and bone mineralization (osteocalcin) were positive indicators of osteochondrosis severity at 5 months of age. In foals with lesions at 11 months of age, osteochondrosis severity correlated negatively with COL2-3/4C(short) and osteocalcin and positively with C-propeptide of type-II procollagen (CPII), a collagen synthesis marker. Radiographic grading of osteochondrosis lesions significantly correlated with macroscopic osteochondrosis severity score at both ages and was strongest when combined with osteocalcin at 5 months and CPII at 11 months. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The ability of serum biomarkers to indicate osteochondrosis severity appears to depend on stage of disease and is strengthened with radiography. In older foals with more permanent lesions, osteochondrosis severity is significantly related to biomarker concentrations of decreased bone formation and increased cartilage synthesis. 相似文献