共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 755 毫秒
1.
为了研究铁调素调节蛋白(hemojuvelin,HJV)在硬骨鱼中抵御病原菌感染和维持自身铁稳态过程中的作用,实验扩增了尼罗罗非鱼铁调素调节蛋白基因(Onhjv)的开放阅读框(ORF),分析其在健康尼罗罗非鱼各组织中的分布模式及在抵御病原菌感染和调节铁稳态中的相关作用。结果显示,Onhjv的ORF全长由1 248个碱基组成,编码415个氨基酸,在不同物种之间具有一定的保守性。实时荧光定量PCR(qRT-PCR)结果显示,Onhjv在尼罗罗非鱼各组织中广泛分布,并在肝脏中的表达量最高。在无乳链球菌或嗜水气单胞菌感染后,Onhjv在肝脏、脾脏、肠和鳃中的表达量均显著上调。体外头肾单核/巨噬细胞和肝细胞中Onhjv表达量在受到这2种病原菌应激下也显著上调。此外,在1和10μmol/L FeCl_3溶液刺激后,Onhjv表达量在肝脏、脾脏、肠和鳃等组织,以及头肾单核/巨噬细胞和肝细胞中的表达量也呈显著上调。受重组罗非鱼IL-6蛋白[(r)OnIL-6]刺激后,头肾单核/巨噬细胞中Onhjv表达量显著上调,表明炎症因子可以促进Onhjv表达。研究表明,尼罗罗非鱼铁调素调节蛋白在宿主抵御病原菌感染和维持铁稳态的过程中发挥作用。本实验为探究HJV在硬骨鱼中的生物学功能提供了参考,同时为进一步研究铁代谢在宿主防御病原菌感染过程中的重要作用提供理论指导。 相似文献
2.
白细胞介素21（interleukin 21,IL-21）是一种多效性细胞因子,主要通过其专一性受体（IL-21R）行使免疫调节功能。为研究IL-21及其受体IL-21R在鱼类抵御病原菌的免疫应答过程中的作用,本研究利用反转录PCR（RT-PCR）技术成功克隆了尼罗罗非鱼IL-21基因（OnIL-21）及其受体IL-21R基因（OnIL-21R）,对其进行生物信息学分析,并利用实时荧光定量PCR（qRT-PCR）技术检测其mRNA水平的表达。结果显示,OnIL-21及其受体OnIL-21R的开放阅读框为420 bp和1 548 bp,分别编码139和515个氨基酸。经氨基酸序列预测分析,OnIL-21为分泌型蛋白,具有一个Ig-like结构域;而OnIL-21R是跨膜蛋白,具有典型的γ-c链,2个基因的蛋白序列都具有多个保守的磷酸化位点和糖基化位点。系统进化树结果表明,OnIL-21和OnIL-21R均与斑马拟丽鱼IL-21和IL-21R的亲缘关系最近。组织差异性表达分析发现,OnIL-21在皮肤和心脏组织中表达量较高,在肌肉中较低;而OnIL-21R在鳃和脾脏组织中表达量最高,在肌肉中最低。无乳链球菌和嗜水气单胞菌体内感染和体外刺激白细胞后,头肾和脾脏中OnIL-21和OnIL-21R表达量均呈现显著上调,说明OnIL-21和OnIL-21R可能参与尼罗罗非鱼病原菌感染的免疫应答过程。此外,重组蛋白(r)OnIL-21刺激脾脏白细胞后,OnIL-21R和炎症相关因子（IL-1β、TNF-α、IFN-γ、IL-6和IL-10）的mRNA表达均发生显著上调,表明OnIL-21可调控其受体基因OnIL-21R的表达及参与调控机体的炎症反应。上述研究结果阐述了尼罗罗非鱼IL-21与其受体IL-21R的分子生物学特征,并初步阐明了二者参与了机体病原菌感染的免疫应答过程,为进一步探究IL-21通过其受体IL-21R调控机体免疫反应的作用机制和信号通路提供了重要参考。 相似文献
3.
黄颡鱼甘露糖受体基因的克隆和功能分析 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
甘露糖受体(MR)隶属凝集素超家族,主要表达于巨噬细胞和未成熟的树突状细胞表面。MR不仅在先天免疫防御中发挥重要作用,还通过参与抗原呈递,激活T淋巴细胞,启动获得性免疫应答过程。本研究采用同源克隆技术获得黄颡鱼甘露糖受体(pf MR)基因,采用荧光定量PCR技术检测MR在正常黄颡鱼体内的分布情况,采用鲖爱德华菌感染黄颡鱼头肾巨噬细胞和甘露聚糖封闭MR方法研究黄颡鱼MR在抗细菌感染中的作用。结果显示,pf MR同团头鲂、草鱼、斑马鱼和尼罗罗非鱼的MR聚为一支。pf MR在所检测的12个组织中均有分布,其在肾脏、脾脏和肌肉组织中表达量较高,在血液中表达量较少。鲖爱德华菌感染黄颡鱼头肾巨噬细胞后,pf MR、IL-1β和TNF-a均被细菌诱导表达,超氧阴离子和一氧化氮的含量也上升,超氧阴离子在感染30 min后即显著上升,一氧化氮在感染12 h后才显著上升。甘露聚糖竞争结合MR,显著抑制巨噬细胞内化GFP标签的鲖爱德华菌,加入EDTA减少内化的荧光强度,加入Ca~(2+)使内化的荧光强度回升。研究表明,黄颡鱼头肾巨噬细胞MR参与鲖爱德华菌的识别和内吞过程,而且依赖Ca~(2+)。 相似文献
4.
为获得具有单一克隆特性的能稳定传代培养的罗非鱼巨噬细胞系,本研究从尼罗罗非鱼腹腔中分离纯化巨噬细胞,采用EB病毒(Epstein-Barr virus,EBV)感染,筛选单克隆细胞的方法建立了尼罗罗非鱼巨噬细胞系,并对其进行了EBV感染鉴定、电镜观察、端粒酶活性检测、致癌性评估、核型分析以及分子生物学鉴定。研究表明,EBV已整合到尼罗罗非鱼巨噬细胞中且稳定表达,经30代稳定传代,该细胞系仍维持较好的增殖状态;该细胞系表面不平滑,有明显的钝圆形突起和细长的伪足,表现为典型的巨噬细胞形态;端粒酶活性显著高于未经感染的巨噬细胞,而与He La细胞差异不显著,且该细胞系不具有致癌性,说明永生化细胞系构建成功。核型分析结果发现,该细胞系具有44条染色体,其核型公式为2 n=2 x=44=4 sm+17 st+1 t。PCR检测发现,该细胞系存在CD33和CD205的转录本,这些都是单核巨噬细胞的标志物,经18S r RNA检测证明该细胞系来自尼罗罗非鱼巨噬细胞。永生化尼罗罗非鱼巨噬细胞系已被成功建立,该细胞系为研究罗非鱼链球菌HSP70-肽疫苗的高保护率,以及罗非鱼的免疫防御机制提供了工具。 相似文献
5.
为了了解尼罗罗非鱼(Oreochromis niloticus)细胞转录因子Xbp1-S(On Xbp1-S)的基因序列特征及其在无乳链球菌(Streptococcus alactolyticus)应激和在B细胞分化中的作用,应用RACE克隆技术获得的On Xbp1-S基因全长1380 bp,包括开放阅读框ORF为1155 bp,5?端非编码区(5?UTR)长127 bp,3?端非编码区(3'UTR)长98 bp。On Xbp1-S序列分析推测该基因编码384个氨基酸,分子量为41.32 k Da,理论等电点为4.36。同源性分析显示,On Xbp1-S基因与其他鱼类的聚为一支,其中,与南极鳕(Notothenia coriiceps)相似性最高。荧光定量PCR及Western-blot结果显示,On Xbp1-S在各组织中均有表达,m RNA水平上在肝脏中表达量最高,蛋白水平上在胸腺中表达量最高,而在肌肉中表达量最低。无乳链球菌应激后,On Xbp1-S基因在肝脏和脾脏中的表达趋势相似,均在应激期间出现表达量上调,在192 h出现峰值。另外,免疫组化分析发现,On Xbp1-S因子在不同分化程度B细胞亚类中的表达呈现差异,在成熟B细胞中呈现高表达,而在未成熟B细胞中几乎不表达。研究结果表明,On Xbp1-S参与尼罗罗非鱼对无乳链球菌的免疫防御,和在B细胞分化中起作用。本研究将为进一步研究On Xbp1-S因子应答病原菌侵染的机理及促进B细胞分化机制提供理论依据。 相似文献
6.
《渔业科学进展》2018,(1)
为了了解尼罗罗非鱼(Oreochromis niloticus)细胞转录因子Xbp1-S(On Xbp1-S)的基因序列特征及其在无乳链球菌(Streptococcus alactolyticus)应激和在B细胞分化中的作用,应用RACE克隆技术获得的On Xbp1-S基因全长1380 bp,包括开放阅读框ORF为1155 bp,5?端非编码区(5?UTR)长127 bp,3?端非编码区(3'UTR)长98 bp。On Xbp1-S序列分析推测该基因编码384个氨基酸,分子量为41.32 k Da,理论等电点为4.36。同源性分析显示,On Xbp1-S基因与其他鱼类的聚为一支,其中,与南极鳕(Notothenia coriiceps)相似性最高。荧光定量PCR及Western-blot结果显示,On Xbp1-S在各组织中均有表达,m RNA水平上在肝脏中表达量最高,蛋白水平上在胸腺中表达量最高,而在肌肉中表达量最低。无乳链球菌应激后,On Xbp1-S基因在肝脏和脾脏中的表达趋势相似,均在应激期间出现表达量上调,在192 h出现峰值。另外,免疫组化分析发现,On Xbp1-S因子在不同分化程度B细胞亚类中的表达呈现差异,在成熟B细胞中呈现高表达,而在未成熟B细胞中几乎不表达。研究结果表明,On Xbp1-S参与尼罗罗非鱼对无乳链球菌的免疫防御,和在B细胞分化中起作用。本研究将为进一步研究On Xbp1-S因子应答病原菌侵染的机理及促进B细胞分化机制提供理论依据。 相似文献
7.
以尼罗罗非鱼(Oreochromis niloticus)为对象,采用体内注射植物血细胞凝集素(PHA)方式收集有丝分裂后期的鱼体头肾细胞,低渗法制片,运用激光显微分离获得尼罗罗非鱼1号染色体,分离后的单染色体通过特异性酶切和LA-PCR体外扩增,得到500~2 000 bp之间的DNA片段,并通过Southern blot和微卫星标记得到验证。扩增片段通过电泳回收、连接转化、感受态细胞培养等步骤构建尼罗罗非鱼1号染色体微克隆文库,克隆片段长度在300~600 bp之间。 相似文献
8.
C型凝集素受体（C-type lectin receptor，CTLR）是可以特异性结合糖类病原体相关分子模式（pathogen-associated molecular patterns，PAMPs）的模式识别受体（pattern recognition receptors，PPRs），在先天性免疫中发挥着重要作用。为了揭示硬骨鱼CTLR的生物学功能，本研究以从大黄鱼（Larimichthys crocea）转录组数据库中筛选出的一个CTLR基因—C型凝集素结构域家族4成员E基因（C-type lectin domain family 4 member E gene，Clec4e）为研究对象，研究其分子特征、表达分布和凝集特性。结果显示，LcClec4e cDNA全长1546 bp，开放阅读框（open reading frame，ORF）771 bp，编码254个氨基酸。LcClec4e的N端有一个跨膜区，无信号肽，C端含有一个糖识别结构域（carbohydrate recognition domain，CRD），其中含有糖结合位点EPN和WFD以及6个可形成二硫键的保守半胱氨酸。系统发育分析表明，LcClec4e与多种鲈形目鱼类Clec4e具有较近的亲缘关系。荧光定量PCR结果显示，LcClec4e在所检测的10种组织中呈组成型分布，且在肝脏中表达量最高；LcClec4e在来源于大黄鱼头肾组织的原代巨噬细胞、淋巴细胞和粒细胞中均有表达，且在巨噬细胞中表达量最高；经灭活溶藻弧菌刺激后，LcClec4e在3种免疫细胞中的表达均极显著上调。原核表达的重组LcClec4e胞外段（recombinant LcClec4e-extracellular domain，rLcClec4e-ex）具有Ca2+依赖性的凝集活性，可凝集小鼠、家兔的红细胞，以及嗜水气单胞菌、变形假单胞菌、溶藻弧菌和坎氏弧菌等4种水产常见的革兰氏阴性菌。D-葡萄糖、D-果糖、D-甘露糖、D-麦芽糖、α-乳糖和脂多糖均可抑制rLcClec4e-ex对大黄鱼重要病原菌变形假单胞菌的凝集作用，说明LcClec4e可能与变形假单胞菌表面的糖类物质结合。这些研究结果提示，LcClec4e可能作为一种PPR，通过结合病原菌表面的糖类PAMPs来识别病原，参与大黄鱼抗细菌感染的免疫防御。 相似文献
9.
为了解亚硝酸盐氮长期胁迫下尼罗罗非鱼（Oreochromis niloticus）生理功能变化,实验设置不同浓度亚硝酸盐氮（空白对照、0.03 mmol/L、0.06 mmol/L、0.12 mmol/L、0.23 mmol/L）,研究亚硝酸盐氮21 d胁迫对尼罗罗非鱼幼鱼血液和肝脏组织的生理生化、代谢功能和非特异性免疫的影响。结果表明,随着亚硝酸盐氮的浓度的提高,尼罗罗非鱼幼鱼血液中白细胞数呈现略微上升的趋势,而红细胞数和血红蛋白浓度均呈现显著下降的趋势（P<0.05）;幼鱼血清中,葡萄糖、谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶和K+随着亚硝酸盐氮的增加浓度显著提高（P<0.05）,与此同时甘油三酯、总胆固醇、总蛋白、Na+和Cl-浓度、超氧化物歧化酶、碱性磷酸酶、溶菌酶和免疫球蛋白浓度以及亚硝酸盐氮浓度表现出负相关的下降趋势（P<0.05）;肝脏组织中非特异性免疫因子HSP70、IL-1β、IL6和TNF-α随着亚硝酸盐氮的浓度增加表达量显著上升（P<0.05）,而LYS因子表达量则与之相反。研究表明,0.06~0.23 mmol/L亚硝酸盐氮长期胁迫下可导致罗非鱼幼鱼血液生理、代谢和免疫产生功能障碍,并影响肝组织的非特异性免疫基因表达。本研究结果有助于进一步了解亚硝酸根离子在罗非鱼体内的毒性机制,为建立罗非鱼养殖水质亚硝酸盐氮因子的安全阈值提供参考。 相似文献
10.
从尼罗罗非鱼(Oreochromis niloticus)嗜中性粒细胞中克隆了唾液酸结合型免疫球蛋白凝集素Siglec-4b like基因,对其进行生物信息学分析,并利用实时荧光定量PCR检测:1)早期胚胎发育过程的表达;2)成鱼组织中的分布;3)人工感染无乳链球菌(Streptococcus agalactiae,GBS)后组织表达的变化。结果表明,尼罗罗非鱼Siglec-4b like具有与哺乳类Siglec-4相似的特异性结构域及保守氨基酸残基;早期胚胎发育Siglec-4b like基因在卵子中有一定表达量,受精后7 h即卵裂期表达上调,随后表达下降;Siglec-4b like基因在所检测的各组织中均有表达,鳃的表达量最高,其次是肌肉、皮肤、头肾和肠,其他组织的表达量较低;人工感染无乳链球菌后,Siglec-4b like在鳃、肾与肠等多个组织的表达均呈下调趋势。研究结果为进一步开展Siglec-4b like对罗非鱼免疫系统的调控作用及其与无乳链球菌免疫逃逸机制关系的研究奠定基础。 相似文献
11.
Association between the interannual variation in the oceanic environment and catch rates of bigeye tuna (Thunnus obesus) in the Atlantic Ocean 
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下载免费PDF全文 The environmental processes associated with variability in the catch rates of bigeye tuna in the Atlantic Ocean are largely unexplored. This study used generalized additive models (GAMs) fitted to Taiwanese longline fishery data from 1990 to 2009 and investigated the association between environmental variables and catch rates to identify the processes influencing bigeye tuna distribution in the Atlantic Ocean. The present findings reveal that the year (temporal factor), latitude and longitude (spatial factors), and major regular longline target species of albacore catches are significant for the standardization of bigeye tuna catch rates in the Atlantic Ocean. The standardized catch rates and distribution of bigeye tuna were found to be related to environmental and climatic variation. The model selection processes showed that the selected GAMs explained 70% of the cumulative deviance in the entire Atlantic Ocean. Regarding environmental factors, the depth of the 20 degree isotherm (D20) substantially contributed to the explained deviance; other important factors were sea surface temperature (SST) and sea surface height deviation (SSHD). The potential fishing grounds were observed with SSTs of 22–28°C, a D20 shallower than 150 m and negative SSHDs in the Atlantic Ocean. The higher predicted catch rates were increased in the positive northern tropical Atlantic and negative North Atlantic Oscillation events with a higher SST and shallow D20, suggesting that climatic oscillations affect the population abundance and distribution of bigeye tuna. 相似文献
12.
Liping Li Rui Wang Wanwen Liang Xi Gan Ting Huang Yan Huang Jian Li Yunliang Shi Honglin Luo Ming Chen 《广西水产科技》2014,(1)
Previously, we reported 10 PEGE types of 85 tilapia Streptococcus agalactiae(GBS), which shifted from Streptococcus iniae in China, by using PEGE method. Presently, larger and more representative tilapia GBS were isolated, for the ?rst time in China, to characterize their serotypes and genetic diversities more precisely than had done before. 168 GBS strains were distributed in ?ve provinces of China, in which Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan were the major ones, holding36.9%(62/168), 37.5%(63/168) and 19.6%(33/168), respectively. Serotypes, Ia, Ib and III, were observed in these strains and the most predominant one was Ia(95.2%), which mainly distributed in Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan. Ia initially occurred in 2009, it shoot up to 32.1% in 2010,but decreased to 16.1% in 2011 before went up to 45.2% in 2012. Ib sporadically occurred during2007–2011, III onlyoccurred in 2012. 14 different PFGE types, including 4 new types(N, O,P and Q), were observed, in which B, D, F and G were the predominant types, holding 83.9%(141/168) of the total GBS strains. Ia corresponded to 11 PFGE types(A–H, N–P), in which type D predominated(51%). Ib represented 3 genotypes(I, J and Q) and III harbored only 2genotypes(N and F). Type N and Fsynchronously presented in Ia and III. In summary, the genetic diversity of tilapia GBS varied by serotypes and changed with geographical locations and years.Although Iastillpredominated, new rareserotypeIII alreadyoccurred in China. 相似文献
13.
In this experiment, a feeding trial was performed to determine the effects of fructooligosaccharide (FOS) on growth performance, digestive enzyme activity and immune response of Japanese sea bass, Lateolabrax japonicus juveniles (initial weight 38.3 ± 0.5 g), and the fish were examined following feeding with six levels of FOS (0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4 and 6 g/kg) for 28 days. Significant enhancement of weight gain (WG) and specific growth rate (SGR) was found in fish fed 1 g/kg FOS incorporated diets (p < .05), while the feed conversion ratio (FCR) in the 1, 2 g/kg FOS groups reduced significantly compared with the control (p < .05). Besides, the crude lipid in the 4, 6 g/kg FOS groups increased significantly compared with the control (p < .05). On the other hand, the erepsin and lipase activities significantly elevated in intestine of fish fed 2 g/kg FOS (p < .05) and the lysozyme activity in serum of fish fed 2 g/kg FOS were significantly higher than that in the control (p < .05). Moreover, the alkaline phosphatase activities in serum of fish fed 0.5, 1, 2 g/kg FOS were significantly higher than in control (p < .05). Regression analysis showed that the relationships between dietary FOS levels and either SGR, FCR, erepsin or lysozyme activities were best expressed by regression equations, and the optimal inclusion levels are 1.37, 1.80, 3.06, 3.11, 1.93 and 1.80 g/kg for SGR, FCR, erepsin, lipase, lysozyme and total superoxide dismutase activities, respectively. Overall, this study revealed that FOS incorporated diets could beneficial for L. japonicus culture in terms of increasing the growth, digestion and immune activities. Under the present experimental condition, the optimal supplementary level of FOS in the diet of L. japonicus is 1–3 g/kg. 相似文献
14.
Two gonadotropins (GtH; Qa and Qb) were purified by gel filtration and ion exchange chromatography from the pituitaries of Indian walking catfish (Clarias batrachus). The presence of GtH during purification was assessed by in vitro oocyte maturation and in vivo steroidogenic activity, and their identities were determined by elution profiles, molecular weight, biological activities and yield. The molecular weights of Qa and Qb were 37 and 42 kDa, respectively, and composed of distinct subunits (Qa: 20 and 14 kDa and Qb: 26 and 18 kDa). Polyclonal antibodies raised against Qa immunostained Qa, Qb and pituitary GtH cells. A competitive Qa‐ELISA was developed whose sensitivity was 6.25 ng mL?1 (1.25 ng well?1) with intra‐ (3.5%) and inter‐ (12.4%) assay coefficients of variation. Displacement curves parallel to the standard were obtained with plasma and pituitary extracts of catfish, Qb and carp GtHII. The assay was validated by measuring the plasma Qa levels after LHRH treatment and in relation to ovarian growth in the female catfish during different reproductive phases. Based on the results, Qa and Qb corresponded to fish LH and FSH respectively. The findings will increase the knowledge of the mechanisms controlling fish reproduction and identification of sensitive phases in fish in captivity for hormonal manipulation. 相似文献
15.
Controlled infection of Poecilia reticulata Peters (guppy) with Tetrahymena by immersion and intraperitoneal injection 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 G Sharon M Pimenta‐Leibowitz M C L Vilchis N Isakov D Zilberg 《Journal of fish diseases》2015,38(1):67-74
Tetrahymena is a protozoan parasite, which infects guppy, Poecilia reticulata Peters, and causes substantial economical losses in commercial farms worldwide. Studies of guppy infected by Tetrahymena require standardized infection protocols. The LD50 for Tetrahymena infection of guppies by intraperitoneal (IP) injection was calibrated, and the level obtained was 946 parasites per fish. Guppy infection with Tetrahymena by immersion, imitating the natural route of infection via the integument, was studied under normal or stress conditions. Exposure to cold and netting (CNI) and to cold only (CI) followed by immersion exposure to 10 000 Tetrahymena per mL resulted in 22.5% and 19.2% mortality, respectively, as compared to 14.2% and 10% in groups that were netted only (NI) or non‐stressed (I). Histopathology revealed that immersion infection resulted in a systemic infection. Lysozyme levels, measured 3 weeks after infection, were significantly higher in the CNI group (288 μg per mg protein) compared with CI‐, NI‐ and I‐treated groups (94.5, 64 and 62.3 μg mg?1, respectively). There was no evident parasite immobilization activity in body homogenates, suggesting no development of acquired immunity. Re‐infection by IP injection revealed no increase in protection in any of the treatment groups, mortality range of 56.3–75%, higher than in the non‐exposed control (40.6% mortality). 相似文献
16.
Sandra García‐Garrido Ismael Hachero‐Cruzado Carlos Rosas Pedro Domingues 《Aquaculture Research》2013,44(11):1741-1751
Protein and amino acid composition of the mantle of juvenile O ctopus vulgaris (Cuvier, 1797) during fasting for 27 days were determined. Average protein content of octopus mantle was of 711.19 ± 46.80 g kg?1 DW, and it decreased with increasing fasting days. The non‐essential amino acids content was higher (486.18 ± 11.08 g kg?1 protein) than essential amino acids (425.82 ± 9.15 g kg?1 protein) at the start of the experiment (unstarved animals). The results suggest that the amino acid profile of the mantle where the most abundant amino acids are Arg, His, Lys, Gly, Leu and Pro could indicate a prolonged fasting condition (>20 days) or poor nutrition of O . vulgaris. This study supports the idea of using mantle for metabolic needs of starved O . vulgaris suggesting that the degradation pathway of amino acids to pyruvate and tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates was favoured contrary to the degradation pathway of ketogenic amino acids. Special considerations should be taken concerning Thr, Ile, Ser, Ala, Asx (Asp, Asn), Glx (Glu, Gln) (because of their fast intake) and Lys and His (due to their stable contents) during a prolonged period of fasting. 相似文献
17.
There has been growing concern about the overuse of antibiotics in the ornamental fish industry and its possible effect on the increasing drug resistance in both commensal and pathogenic organisms in these fish. The aim of this study was to carry out an assessment of the diversity of bacteria, including pathogens, in ornamental fish species imported into North America and to assess their antibiotic resistance. Kidney samples were collected from 32 freshwater ornamental fish of various species, which arrived to an importing facility in Portland, Oregon from Colombia, Singapore and Florida. Sixty‐four unique bacterial colonies were isolated and identified by PCR using bacterial 16S primers and DNA sequencing. Multiple isolates were identified as bacteria with potential to cause disease in both fish and humans. The antibiotic resistance profile of each isolate was performed for nine different antibiotics. Among them, cefotaxime (16% resistance among isolates) was the antibiotic associated with more activity, while the least active was tetracycline (77% resistant). Knowing information about the diversity of bacteria in imported ornamental fish, as well as the resistance profiles for the bacteria will be useful in more effectively treating clinical infected fish, and also potential zoonoses in the future. 相似文献
18.
Effect of iodophor disinfection of non‐hardened Salmo trutta eggs on their bacterial and fungus load 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 Franz Lahnsteiner 《Aquaculture Research》2017,48(7):3901-3909
This study investigated the efficiency of iodophor disinfection (135 ppm active iodine for 15–30 min) of non‐hardened Salmo trutta eggs against different groups of bacteria and against fungus. Egg samples were taken from non‐disinfected and from disinfected eggs, microorganisms were cultured on specific nutrient media and their mass was measured by turbidimetric methods. Bacteria and fungus mass of non‐hardened eggs could be reduced but not eliminated by iodophor disinfection with 135 ppm active iodine for 15 min. The extent of reduction was 47–65% (Experiment 1). The efficiency of disinfection increased with disinfection time as the reduction in bacteria and fungus mass was 40–55% after 15 min and 58–74% after 30 min (Experiment 2). Disinfection efficiency of iodophor solution diluted in water (reduction 49–57%) and of iodophor solution diluted in sodium chloride solution iso‐osmolar to the oocytes (reduction 52–61%) was similar (Experiment 3). The reduction in bacteria and fungus mass was persistent as it was 39–72% lower in embryos deriving from disinfected eggs than in embryos deriving from non‐disinfected ones (Experiment 4). In conclusion, the tested disinfection method is inadequate to eliminate pathogens completely but it could positively influence immune defence of eggs and embryos. 相似文献
19.
T. Citarasu K. Venkatramalingam M. Micheal Babu R. Raja Jeya Sekar M. Petermarian 《Aquaculture International》2003,11(6):581-595
The indiscriminate use of antibiotics and chemicals in shrimp hatcheries has led to biomagnification and that in turn could
lead to rejection of a whole consignment. The application of the bioencapsulation technique as a tool for curative treatment
in shrimp larvae was investigated. Herbs having antibacterial properties such as Solanum trilobatum, Andrographis paniculata and Psoralea corylifolia (methanolic extracts) were bioencapsulated in Artemia and fed to Penaeus monodon post larvae PL 1–25. The post larvae were reared in a medium inoculated with pathogenic bacteria such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi and Vibrio sp. Post larvae reared in the non-inoculated water and fed with non-enriched Artemia exhibited 90% survival, highest specific growth rate (12.43%) and reduced bacterial load. P. monodon reared in the bacterial inoculated water and fed with the non-enriched Artemia exhibited the lowest survival (10–30%), specific growth rate (8.42–9.1%) and increased bacterial load (2.86 × 103 to 3.76 × 105 cfu/g). The methanolic extracts of the herbs helped to increase survival and specific growth rate and reduced bacterial load
in the P. monodon culture system. Among the three herbal extracts, P. corylifolia enriched Artemia fed post larvae showed the tendency to higher survival (>50%), growth rate (11.5 averaged) and low bacterial load (1.12 × 105 cfu/g).
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
20.
William King V David L. Berlinsky Craig V. Sullivan 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》1995,14(6):489-500
Plasma estradiol-17 (E2), testosterone (T), 17,20-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one (DHP) and 17,20,21-tri-hydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one (20-S) levels were measured by radioimmunoassay (RIA) in white perch (Morone americana) and white bass (M. chrysops) that were induced to undergo final oocyte maturation (FOM) with human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). Plasma DHP levels increased in females of both species in association with oocyte germinal vesicle migration (GVM) and germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD) and decreased thereafter. Plasma 20-S levels also increased with oocyte GVM in white bass, but were several-fold lower than DHP levels. Circulating E2 and T levels were greatest during GVM and GVBD in both species and decreased to low levels during oocyte hydration and ovulation. Follicles from white perch and white bass which received a priming injection of hCG in vivo, produced both DHP and 20-S in vitro after exposure to hCG and their oocytes underwent GVBD. Ovarian incubates from unprimed fish of either species produced only E2 and T and their oocytes did not complete GVBD. Oocytes from unprimed bass, but not perch, matured when follicles were exposed to hCG in vitro. Both trilostane and cycloheximide blocked in vitro production of DHP and 20-S and oocyte GVBD by white perch follices. DHP and 20-S were equipotent inducers of FOM in the GVBD bioassay. None of several other structurally-related steroids tested were effective within a physiological range of concentrations. These results indicate a role for DHP and 20-S in the control of FOM in white perch and white bass. 相似文献