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1.
试验研究了日粮中添加蛋氨酸锌(Zn-Met)对冬毛期蓝狐营养物质利用率及粪中微量元素的影响。试验选用150只体重相近的冬毛期蓝狐，随机分为5组，每组30只。对照组饲喂基础日粮，试验组在基础日粮中分别以Zn-Met形式添加30、60、90、120 mg/kg锌。结果表明：在日粮中添加适量蛋氨酸锌可使粗蛋白、钙、磷的消化率提高，其中B组（30 mg/kg）的添加水平效果最佳，差异显著(P<0.05)，对干物质、粗脂肪的消化率无显著性影响；蛋氨酸锌减少了微量元素铁、铜、锌、锰的排泄量，减少了环境的污染，与对照组相比，B组（30 mg/kg）和C组（60 mg/kg）效果差异显著(P<0.05)；综上所述，冬毛生长期蓝狐日粮中蛋氨酸锌的最适添加水平为30~60 mg/kg。 相似文献
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《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2015,(17)
为了研究日粮中添加蛋氨酸锌(Zn-Met)对冬毛期蓝狐生长性能(日增重、饲料转化率)及毛皮质量的影响,试验采用随机分组的试验设计方法,选用150只体重相近的冬毛期蓝狐,随机分为5组,每组30只。对照组(A组)饲喂基础日粮,试验组在基础日粮中分别以Zn-Met形式添加分别为30 mg/kg(B组)、60 mg/kg(C组)、90 mg/kg(D组)、120 mg/kg(E组)。结果表明:试验组平均日采食量、平均日增重与对照组相比均有所提高;料重比降低,其中B组效果最好且显著高于其他各组(P0.05);试验组鲜皮长度与对照组相比有所增加,试验组鲜皮面积与对照组相比均极显著增加(P0.01);试验组针毛长度均显著高于对照组(P0.05),试验组绒毛长度均显著高于对照组(P0.05),且B组效果最好。说明冬毛期蓝狐日粮中蛋氨酸的最适添加水平为30~60 mg/kg。 相似文献
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本试验旨在研究饲粮铜、锌添加水平对育成期蓝狐生长性能、营养物质利用率及氮代谢的影响.试验采用2×3完全随机试验设计,分别在基础饲粮中添加2个水平的锌(40和120 mg/kg)和3个水平的铜(30、45和60 mg/kg),另设对照组(添加0 mg/kg铜和40 mg/kg锌).选用(55±5)日龄、体重相近的健康雄性蓝狐84只,随机分成7组,每组12个重复,每个重复1只.预试期为7d,正试期为75 d.结果表明:1)饲粮中添加铜有提高蓝狐平均日增重(P=0.06)和降低料重比(P=0.08)的趋势,但并未观测到铜、锌之间的互作效应(P＞0.05).30 mg/kg铜+40 mg/kg锌和45 mg/kg铜+120 mg/kg锌组平均日增重显著高于对照组(P＜0.05),料重比显著低于对照组(P＜0.05).2)饲粮中添加铜能极显著提高蓝狐蛋白质和脂肪消化率(P＜0.01).60mg/kg铜+40mg/kg锌和60mg/kg铜+120mg/kg锌组蓝狐蛋白质消化率极显著高于对照组(P＜0.01),45 mg/kg铜+120 mg/kg锌组显著高于对照组(P＜0.05).30 mg/kg铜+40 mg/kg锌、45 mg/kg铜+40 mg/kg锌、30 mg/kg铜+120 mg/kg锌、60 mg/kg铜+120 mg/kg锌组蓝狐脂肪消化率极显著高于对照组(P＜0.01),45 mg/kg铜+120mg/kg锌组显著高于对照组(P＜0.05).饲粮铜、锌添加水平对粪便中铜排出量有极显著影响(P＜0.01);饲粮锌添加水平对粪便中锌排出量有极显著影响(P＜0.01).各组蓝狐铜排出量和锌排出量并未观测到铜、锌之间的互作效应(P＞0.05).3)饲粮中添加铜极显著降低了粪氮含量(P＜0.01),饲粮铜、锌添加水平并未对各组蓝狐食入氮、尿氮、氮沉积含量及蛋白质生物学价值、净蛋白质利用率产生显著影响(P＞0.05).综合试验结果得出,育成期蓝狐饲粮中添加30 mg/kg铜+40mg/kg锌(总铜、总锌水平为别37.68和80.08 mg/kg)时可提高蓝狐的生长性能和营养物质消化率,同时降低了粪便中氮的排放. 相似文献
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日粮不同锌添加水平对育成期雄性水貂消化代谢、生长性能和血清生化指标的影响 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
本试验选用硫酸锌和蛋氨酸螯合锌两种锌源,在日粮添加60 mg/kg硫酸锌、蛋氨酸螯合锌为0、15、30、45、60、75 mg/kg 水平下,对比研究了不同锌水平对育成期雄性水貂营养物质消化率、氮代谢和血清生化指标的影响。结果表明,育成期雄性水貂日粮中添加15 mg/kg的蛋氨酸螯合锌时,水貂采食量和蛋白质消化率较高(P<0.05)。日粮中添加锌水平对水貂干物质消化率、脂肪消化率、氮代谢、生长性能和血清尿素氮、血清乳酸脱氢酶活性没有显著性影响(P>0.05)。 相似文献
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不同锌源与锌水平日粮对生长期雌性水貂营养物质消化率及氮代谢的研究 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
本试验主要研究了不同锌源及锌水平对生长期雌性水貂营养物质消化率及氮代谢的影响。本试验采用单因子试验设计,每组12个重复,每个重复1只,Ⅰ-Ⅵ组水貂基础日粮中蛋氨酸螯合锌添加量(以锌元素计)分别为0(Ⅰ组)、15(Ⅱ组)、30(Ⅲ组)、45(Ⅳ组)、60(Ⅴ组)、75 mg/kg(Ⅵ组)、Ⅶ组水貂基础日粮中硫酸锌添加量(以锌元素计)为60 mg/kg。结果表明,冬毛生长期雌性水貂对添加蛋氨酸螯合锌水平为45 mg/kg的日粮的干物质、蛋白质和脂肪的消化率最高;不同锌源及锌水平日粮对生长期雌性水貂氮代谢的影响无显著差异。 相似文献
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本试验旨在研究饲粮中不同铜源及铜水平对育成期蓝狐生长性能、营养物质消化率及血清指标的影响。试验选择55日龄健康蓝狐100只,随机分成5个组,每组20个重复,每个重复1只蓝狐。5组蓝狐分别饲喂在基础饲粮中添加0、50、100 mg/kg(以铜计)的五水硫酸铜(CuSO_4·5H_2O)或蛋氨酸铜(Met-Cu)的试验饲粮,2种铜源共用0添加组为对照组。预试期为7 d,正试期为60 d。结果表明:1)饲粮铜水平对育成期蓝狐平均日增重有极显著影响(P0.01),对育成期蓝狐料重比有显著影响(P0.05)。饲粮铜源对育成期蓝狐平均日采食量、平均日增重和料重比均无显著影响(P0.05)。2)饲粮铜水平对育成期蓝狐粗蛋白质消化率和粪铜含量有极显著影响(P0.01),对干物质消化率、粗脂肪消化率有显著影响(P0.05)。饲粮铜源对育成期蓝狐粪铜含量有显著影响(P0.05),蛋氨酸铜组的粪铜含量显著低于硫酸铜组(P0.05);饲粮铜源对育成期蓝狐干物质消化率、粗脂肪消化率、粗蛋白质消化率和氮沉积均无显著影响(P0.05)。3)饲粮铜源及铜水平对育成期蓝狐血清尿素氮含量有极显著影响(P0.01),50、100 mg/kg铜添加组的血清尿素氮含量极显著高于对照组(P0.01),蛋氨酸铜组的血清尿素氮含量极显著高于硫酸铜组(P0.01)。饲粮铜源及铜水平对育成期蓝狐血清总蛋白、白蛋白、球蛋白、铜、铁含量及天冬氨酸转氨酶、丙氨酸转氨酶活性均无显著影响(P0.05)。由此可见,育成期蓝狐的饲粮中添加蛋氨酸铜可以获得与硫酸铜相似的促生长效果,此外,蛋氨酸铜的利用率更高,环境排放低,是蓝狐饲粮更高效、更环保的有机铜源。 相似文献
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本试验旨在研究饲粮添加低水平蛋氨酸锌(Zn-Met)或硫酸锌(ZnSO_4)对生长育肥猪生长性能、血清抗氧化指标和微量元素利用的影响,确定生长育肥猪饲粮中锌的适宜添加量,实现有效利用资源,减少排泄物中锌对环境的影响。选用体重为(33.70±2.76)kg的"杜×长×大"生长育肥猪32头,随机分成4组,每组8个重复,每个重复1头猪。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组在基础饲粮中分别添加40 mg/kg Zn-Met、40 mg/kg ZnSO_4和80 mg/kg ZnSO_4(以锌元素计)。预试期7 d,正试期72 d,分生长期和育肥期2个阶段。结果表明:1)与对照组相比,饲粮添加不同来源和水平锌对生长育肥猪平均日增重、平均日采食量和料重比均无显著影响(P0.05)。2)与对照组相比,饲粮添加不同来源和水平锌能显著提高生长育肥猪血清总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)及铜锌超氧化物歧化酶(CuZn-SOD)活性(P0.05),显著降低血清丙二醛(MDA)含量(P0.05);40 mg/kg Zn-M et组血清T-SOD和GSH-Px活性最高,血清MDA含量最低;而血清Cu Zn-SOD活性随ZnSO_4添加量的增加而升高,以80 mg/kg ZnSO_4组最高。3)与对照组相比,饲粮添加Zn-Met显著提高锌、铜和锰表观吸收率(P0.05),而饲粮添加ZnSO_4只显著提高锌表观吸收率(P0.05),且随ZnSO_4添加量的增加而降低;40 mg/kg Zn-Met组锌表观吸收率最高。综上所述,饲粮添加Zn-Met或ZnSO_4没有显著改善生长育肥猪的生长性能,但显著改善了生长育肥猪的血清抗氧化指标和微量元素的表观吸收率;本试验条件下,生长育肥猪饲粮中ZnSO_4的添加量需低于80 mg/kg,而40 mg/kg Zn-M et较为适宜。 相似文献
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不同水平的蛋氨酸锌对肉用仔鸡生产性能和免疫的影响 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
试验采用完全随机试验设计,将1日龄的罗斯308肉鸡360只分成6组,每组3个重复,每个重复20只鸡,研究蛋氨酸锌(ZnMet)对肉鸡平均日增重(ADG)、平均日采食量(ADFI)和料重比(F/G)以及免疫器官指数和ND抗体效价的影响。日粮处理组为在不添加锌的玉米-豆粕型基础饲粮基础上分别添加20、40、60、80和100mg/kg水平的蛋氨酸锌(以锌计),结果表明,饲粮中添加蛋氨酸锌能提高肉鸡的平均日增重,改善料重比和免疫功能,60～80mg/kg为适宜添加量。 相似文献
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本试验旨在研究不同锌源[蛋氨酸锌(Zn-Met)或硫酸锌(ZnSO_4)]及水平对生长肥育猪血清酶活性和组织器官锌沉积量的影响。选用体重[(33.70±2.76)kg]相近的"杜×长×大"生长肥育猪32头,随机分成4组,每组8个重复,每个重复1头猪。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组在基础饲粮中分别添加40 mg/kg Zn-Met、40 mg/kg ZnSO_4和80 mg/kg ZnSO_4(以锌元素计)。预试期7 d,正试期72 d,分30~60 kg和61~90 kg 2个阶段。结果表明:1)与对照组相比,饲粮添加40 mg/kg Zn-Met显著降低了生长肥育猪血清谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)和乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)活性(P0.05),显著提高了血清碱性磷酸酶(ALP)活性(P0.05);饲粮添加40 mg/kg ZnSO_4显著降低了血清ALT和LDH活性(P0.05);饲粮添加80 mg/kg ZnSO_4显著降低了血清ALT活性(P0.05),显著提高了血清ALP活性(P0.05)。40 mg/kg Zn-Met组生长肥育猪血清ALT、AST和LDH活性最低,血清ALP活性最高。2)与对照组相比,饲粮添加40 mg/kg Zn-Met显著提高了生长肥育猪血清锌含量(P0.05),40 mg/kg Zn-Met组血清锌含量最高。3)与对照组相比,饲粮添加40 mg/kg Zn-Met或40、80 mg/kg ZnSO_4对生长肥育猪脾脏、胰脏、毛和肌肉锌沉积量均无显著影响(P0.05),但显著提高了肝脏和骨锌沉积量(P0.05)。综上所述,饲粮添加40 mg/kg Zn-Met或40、80 mg/kg ZnSO_4可改善生长肥育猪血清酶活性、血清锌含量及肝脏和骨锌沉积量。本试验条件下,生长肥育猪饲粮添加40 mg/kg Zn-Met为宜。 相似文献
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试验旨在研究不同水平有机铜、有机锌对肉鸭生长性能、组织器官铜、锌、铁含量和血清抗氧化指标的影响。试验采用3×3完全随机试验设计,选用1 080只1日龄樱桃谷肉鸭,随机分为9组,每组6个重复,每个重复20只,试验期为42 d。基础日粮为不额外添加铜、锌,试验组分别在基础日粮中添加12、24和36 mg/kg的蛋氨酸螯合铜（以铜元素计）和24、48和72 mg/kg的蛋氨酸螯合锌（以锌元素计）。结果显示：72 mg/kg蛋氨酸螯合锌组肉鸭1～21日龄日增重显著高于添加48 mg/kg蛋氨酸锌组（P<0.05）;饲粮添加铜可显著提高肉鸭血清铜水平（P<0.05）;饲粮添加铜和锌对肉鸭血清超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性和铜锌超氧化物歧化酶（CuZn-SOD）活性具有显著影响（P<0.05）。研究表明,饲粮以蛋氨酸螯合锌形式添加72 mg/kg锌可提高1～21日龄肉鸭日增重,以蛋氨酸螯合铜形式添加36 mg/kg铜可提高肉鸭血清SOD活性。 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献
19.
乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物.本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制.乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道.文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分(表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖)与肠道受体(C型凝集素受体、Toll样受体和Nod样受体),阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制. 相似文献
20.
Billinghurst RC Brama PA van Weeren PR Knowlton MS McIlwraith CW 《American journal of veterinary research》2004,65(2):143-150
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether serum concentrations of biomarkers of skeletal metabolism can, in conjunction with radiographic evaluation, indicate severity of osteochondrosis in developing horses. ANIMALS: 43 Dutch Warmblood foals with varying severity of osteochondrosis. PROCEDURE: 24 foals were monitored for 5 months and 19 foals were monitored for 11 months. Monthly radiographs of femoropatellar-femorotibial and tibio-tarsal joints were graded for osteochondral abnormalities. Serial blood samples were assayed for 8 cartilage and bone biomarkers. At the end of the monitoring period, foals were examined for macroscopic osteochondrosis lesions. RESULTS: Temporal relationships were evident between certain serum biomarkers and osteochondrosis severity in foals during their first year. Biomarkers of collagen degradation (collagenase-generated neoepitopes of type-II collagen fragments, type-I and -II collagen fragments [COL2-3/4C(short)], and cross-linked telopeptide fragments of type-I collagen) and bone mineralization (osteocalcin) were positive indicators of osteochondrosis severity at 5 months of age. In foals with lesions at 11 months of age, osteochondrosis severity correlated negatively with COL2-3/4C(short) and osteocalcin and positively with C-propeptide of type-II procollagen (CPII), a collagen synthesis marker. Radiographic grading of osteochondrosis lesions significantly correlated with macroscopic osteochondrosis severity score at both ages and was strongest when combined with osteocalcin at 5 months and CPII at 11 months. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The ability of serum biomarkers to indicate osteochondrosis severity appears to depend on stage of disease and is strengthened with radiography. In older foals with more permanent lesions, osteochondrosis severity is significantly related to biomarker concentrations of decreased bone formation and increased cartilage synthesis. 相似文献