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以菏泽市为代表的鲁西南两熟制植棉区是山东省重要的棉花产区,一直采用套作的方式生产棉花.为了菏泽市棉花的绿色高质高效套作栽培模式的稳定发展,介绍了蒜棉套种、大蒜与棉花和辣椒套种、棉花与花生间作、棉花与西瓜间作、小麦与棉花套种共5种基本模式的种植方法,并以蒜棉套种模式为例,从选择适宜品种,棉花无土基质育苗、适期移栽、合理密植、加强肥水调控、科学简化整枝、合理化学调控、病虫害绿色防控,双晚栽培(晚拔棉材和大蒜适期晚播)几个方面详细介绍了间套作的轻简化栽培技术,以提高复种指数,实现棉花与其它作物双优质、双高产和棉田高效. 相似文献
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通过对息烽县九庄烟区不同种植模式成本投入和经济效益调查研究,结果表明:单作烤烟种植模式每公顷经济效益为19 036.5元；单作大葱种植模式每公顷经济效益为16 522.5元；烤烟套种大葱模式一(大葱4月上市)每公顷的经济效益为28 059.0元,烤烟套种大葱模式二(大葱推迟至6月上市)每公顷的经济效益为29 259.0元,烤烟套种大葱的经济效益明显高于烤烟或大葱单作种植模式,模式二的收入又比模式一每公顷高1 200.0元. 相似文献
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一般间作套种棉田效益较单作棉田提高3～4倍,如洋葱、大蒜、西瓜、马铃薯等与棉花间作套种,可较单作棉田每公顷增加经济效益4万～6万元.近年来在安阳市发展菜棉间作套种模式,年种植面积4000 hm2左右.
1菜棉间作套种的主要模式和种植规格
1.1洋葱、棉花套种.4-1式,80 cm一带.11月中旬移栽4行洋葱,行距17 cm,株距20 cm,每公顷25万株左右,预留空档30 cm.翌年4月中旬在预留空档上栽1行棉花,棉花株距18～25 cm,棉花与洋葱间距15 cm,6月上旬洋葱收获后,棉花为80cm等行距,每公顷5万～7万株.该模式每公顷皮棉产量1200～1500 kg,洋葱30～37.5 t,合计收入在10万元以上(按每千克皮棉17元、洋葱2.7元计算). 相似文献
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近年 ,随着棉价下跌 ,棉农收入大幅度下降 ,如何找到一条既稳定棉花产量 ,又确保棉农增产的好路子 ,是目前农业结构调整和面对ＷＴＯ的工作重点。南昌市在 1998年就提出棉田要“放宽行距 ,缩小株距 ,改棉花传统栽植方式为宽行窄株种植 ,使之易于间作套种”。通过 3年对多种棉田间套模式的试验与摸索 ,得出棉田套种无籽西瓜效益较好。本文就其社会、经济效益及配套技术要点作简要介绍。1 效益分析1 1 经济效益增加 1999～ 2 0 0 1年试验、示范结果显示 ,棉瓜套种虽然棉花产量略减 4～ 5 % ,但经济效益提高了 86 7% ,扣除生产成本 ,比单作… 相似文献
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为探讨适宜长江流域棉区棉田间作栽培的模式,以增加棉花产量、改善纤维品质和获得更高的经济效益。比较了棉花间作大豆、棉花间作玉米和棉花间作甘薯三种模式的经济效益、棉花产量、纤维品质、干物质积累及叶面积指数的变化特点。结果表明:三种间作模式较单作棉花可增加纯收入,棉花产量和干物质积累量及单位面积成铃数均增加;马克隆值变优和断裂比强度提高;在棉花盛蕾期棉花叶面积指数三种模式均比对照提高,在棉花盛铃期及以后的棉花叶面积指数因模式不同而有差别。棉花间作甘薯和棉花间作大豆模式的籽棉产量较高、经济效益好,纤维品质较优,其生产优势较为明显,适宜在长江流域棉区推广。 相似文献
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金华市是浙江省最大的主产棉区,棉花常年种植面积6000hm^2,平均皮棉单产1630kg,hm^2,年均总产量9800t。同时农产品外贸加工企业发达,常年需速冻加工新鲜蔬菜原料1000t左右。金华市为了提高棉田综合经济效益,积极开展立体种植,采用高效问（套）作模式的棉田约占三分之一。2010-2011年,在农业部棉花高产创建示范活动中,兰溪市女埠街道是浙江省唯一的项目示范区,采用棉花套种荷兰豆高产高效栽培模式,在核心示范方达到了“一亩”棉田“千斤棉、万元钱”的预期目标。现将示范情况介绍如下。 相似文献
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《Journal of Cereal Science》2007,45(3):236-251
Sorghum is a good source of phenolic compounds with a variety of genetically dependent types and levels including phenolic acids, flavonoids, and condensed tannins. Most sorghums do not contain condensed tannins, but all contain phenolic acids. Pigmented sorghums contain unique anthocyanins that could be potential food colorants. Some sorghums have a prominent pigmented testa that contains condensed tannins composed of flavan-3-ols with variable length. Flavan-3-ols of up to 8–10 units have been separated and quantitatively analyzed. These tannin sorghums are excellent antioxidants, which slow hydrolysis in foods, produce naturally dark-colored products and increase the dietary fiber levels of food products. Sorghums have high concentration of 3-deoxyanthocyanins (i.e. luteolinidin and apigenidin) that give stable pigments at high pH. Pigmented and tannin sorghum varieties have high antioxidant levels that are comparable to fruits and vegetables. Finger millet has tannins in some varieties that contain a red testa. There are limited data on the phenolic compounds in millets; only phenolic acids and flavones have been identified. 相似文献
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Sorghum and millet phenols and antioxidants 总被引：5，自引：2，他引：5
Sorghum is a good source of phenolic compounds with a variety of genetically dependent types and levels including phenolic acids, flavonoids, and condensed tannins. Most sorghums do not contain condensed tannins, but all contain phenolic acids. Pigmented sorghums contain unique anthocyanins that could be potential food colorants. Some sorghums have a prominent pigmented testa that contains condensed tannins composed of flavan-3-ols with variable length. Flavan-3-ols of up to 8–10 units have been separated and quantitatively analyzed. These tannin sorghums are excellent antioxidants, which slow hydrolysis in foods, produce naturally dark-colored products and increase the dietary fiber levels of food products. Sorghums have high concentration of 3-deoxyanthocyanins (i.e. luteolinidin and apigenidin) that give stable pigments at high pH. Pigmented and tannin sorghum varieties have high antioxidant levels that are comparable to fruits and vegetables. Finger millet has tannins in some varieties that contain a red testa. There are limited data on the phenolic compounds in millets; only phenolic acids and flavones have been identified. 相似文献
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概述了海峡两岸农业交流与合作的现状,提出了应该共同呼吁尽快实现两岸“三通”,开放农业生物技术图书期刊资料交流以及开放生物学科方面网络的思路,以便为农业交流与合作的顺畅开展打好基础,并寄希望能够就糖蔗、果蔗以及甘蔗笋等方面的研究与开发到台湾学习取经,开展学术交流或与台湾同行共同开展研究,为我省甘蔗业的发展作出贡献。 相似文献
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Summary Between 1993 and 1998 205 different potato cultivars and 1220 accessions/genotypes of wild and cultivated potato species from
the IPK Genebank Gatersleben were evaluated. Parameters interesting for starch isolation and especially for the use of starch
were determined. Altogether, there was a higher variability in wild potato species than in cultivated potatoes for all characteristics
investigated: dry matter content, starch content, protein content, amylose content and mean particle diameter of starch granules. 相似文献
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种子加工、检验理论与技术现状及思考 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
种子加工及检验是种子向市场流通的关键，是商业化育种中赋予种子商品属性不可或缺的环节。种子加工、检验理论与技术的研究是完善种业产业链、实现规模化商业育种、夯实“育繁推一体化”种业科学的重要一环。中国的种业科学技术体系正在形成与完善之中，受制于行业发展水平，种子加工及检验理论与技术相对薄弱。本文回顾了种子加工及检验理论与技术研究发展历程，提出了完善中国种业科学发展的策略与建议。围绕种业发展的需要，在做好品种优质化繁育的基础上，分析种子加工及检验理论与技术的新方向和新需求，加强种业应用性研究，建立先进的种子质量检验体系，研制适合现代种业发展需求的种子加工设备，打造种子加工产业标准化生产体系，完善种业科学技术学科建设，促进种业产业持续健康发展。 相似文献
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近年来，随着大豆播种面积的增长，受病虫危害日趋严重。特别是大豆根潜蝇（又名根明）与根腐病共同发生危害，严重影响大豆的生产。综合防治技术主要手段是三年以上轮作，适时播种及种衣剂拌种等措施。 相似文献
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In field experiments conducted over 2 years in Mediterranean conditions, five winter and five spring triticales were evaluated for forage and grain production in the same cropping season. The experiments had two treatments, namely harvesting for grain only, and dual-purpose forage and grain production. In the latter treatment, forage was cut when the first node was detectable (Zadoks' stage 31), without removing the apical meristems. Grain was harvested when ripe (Zadoks' stage 92) in both cut and uncut plots.
Environmental conditions affected grain production and protein content more than forage yield and quality. Winter triticales yielded about 43% more forage than spring types, but after forage removal the spring types yielded about 36% more grain than winter triticales.
Reductions in grain yield after clipping were more pronounced in winter (32%) than in spring (19%) types. Forage crude protein content was significantly higher in the spring types studied (24.6%) than in the winter types (23.5%), the opposite being true for fibre content (20.7 and 21.6% respectively). Grain crude protein content did not differ between grain and dual-purpose treatments, but was higher in the spring triticales (12.8%) than in the winter types (11.9%). There was more variability for the measured traits within the winter triticales studied than within the spring types. 相似文献
Environmental conditions affected grain production and protein content more than forage yield and quality. Winter triticales yielded about 43% more forage than spring types, but after forage removal the spring types yielded about 36% more grain than winter triticales.
Reductions in grain yield after clipping were more pronounced in winter (32%) than in spring (19%) types. Forage crude protein content was significantly higher in the spring types studied (24.6%) than in the winter types (23.5%), the opposite being true for fibre content (20.7 and 21.6% respectively). Grain crude protein content did not differ between grain and dual-purpose treatments, but was higher in the spring triticales (12.8%) than in the winter types (11.9%). There was more variability for the measured traits within the winter triticales studied than within the spring types. 相似文献
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ZHU Mingdong WEI Xiangjin XIE Hongjun TANG Guohua ZENG Xiaoshan WANG Jianlong HU Peisong YU Yinghong 《中国水稻科学》2019,33(5):401-406
Seed processing and testing hold the key to the market circulation of seeds, and are an indispensable link in commercial breeding to endow seeds with commodity attributes. The research of seed processing and testing theory and technology is an important link in improving the seed industry chain, realizing large-scale commercial breeding and consolidating the seed industry science of ‘integration of breeding, propagation and promotion’. The scientific and technological system of seed industry in China is being formed and perfected, which is subject to the development level of the industry. The theory and technology of seed processing and testing are relatively weak. We reviewed the development of seed processing and testing theory and technology, and put forward strategies and suggestions to improve the sound development of China’s seed industry. In order to meet the needs of seed industry development and on the basis of high quality breeding of varieties, the new directions and demands of seed processing and testing theory and technology were analyzed. We will work to strengthen the applied research of seed industry, establish advanced seed quality inspection system, improve seed processing equipment suitable for the development needs of modern seed industry, establish standardized production system of seed processing industry, develop the scientific and technological disciplines of seed industry, and promote the sustainable and healthy development of seed industry. 相似文献