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本试验研究了潞党参煎剂和左旋咪唑对蛋鸡禽流感抗体效价和免疫器官指数的影响.将1 548只海蓝褐蛋雏鸡随机分为3组,A组为潞党参,剂量按0.75 g/kg添加在饮水中;B组为左旋咪唑,C组为对照.在给鸡群接种禽流感H5N1疫苗的前1 d,把潞党参煎剂和左旋咪唑分别连续给鸡群饮水3d.2周后每组随机抽取24只鸡翅下静脉采血,检测各组鸡血凝抑制抗体效价.于免疫后35日龄、42日龄、49日龄,每组随机抽取5只鸡称重,剖杀,摘取胸腺、脾脏和腔上囊并称重,计算3种免疫器官指数.试验重复3次,结果显示,与对照组相比A组的抗体效价和免疫器官指数均差异显著(P＜0.05),表明潞党参可提高雏鸡的体液免疫水平,增强其非特异性免疫功能,并促进免疫器官的发育. 相似文献
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《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2017,(1)
为了研究党参皂苷提取优化工艺以及分析不同产地党参皂苷含量,试验采用乙醇回流提取潞党参皂苷,在单因素试验基础上以提取浓度、提取时间、料液比为因素,采用3因素3水平响应面分析方法进行试验。结果表明:潞党参皂苷的最佳提取工艺参数为乙醇浓度69.5%,提取时间150 min,料液比1∶32(g∶m L)。按照此工艺对不同产地党参皂苷提取发现,山西潞党参皂苷含量相对较高且稳定;野生潞党参皂苷比种植潞党参皂苷含量高,且2年生以上皂苷高于1年生。抗氧化分析发现潞党参皂苷浓度与抗氧化活性呈正比;不同产地潞党参皂苷提取物对自由基清除率有所不同;野生党参皂苷清除率比人工种植党参皂苷较高且稳定;不同生长年限党参皂苷抗氧化能力也不相同。 相似文献
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论述了近代河南省柞蚕业的发展历程,明清之际,河南省开始出现柞蚕生产,并在官方和民间的推动下不断发展壮大;鸦片战争之后,国际市场对柞蚕业的旺盛需求进一步刺激了河南省柞蚕业的发展,清末民初时期是河南省柞蚕业发展的鼎盛时期,无论柞蚕茧生产量还是柞蚕丝、绸的产销量都达到了历史最高水平;抗日战争之后,河南省柞蚕业逐渐走向衰落。近代河南省柞蚕业的发展在一定程度上提高了农民的收入,增加了农村就业率,带动了农村市场的繁荣,也对河南省城镇经济发展起到了推动作用。 相似文献
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重庆市蚕丝业经过五十多年的发展,已形成桑、蚕、种、茧、丝、绸、绢纺、服装、印染及教学科研相结合、门类较为齐全的蚕丝业产业基础,也形成了适合本地社会和自然环境条件的蚕桑生产技术路线。在这种产业基础和技术路线的支持下,曾创造了重庆市最高年产茧5万t以上,蚕农收入6.2亿元,丝绸出口创汇1.2亿美元,居全国第4位的最好成绩。长期以来,栽桑养蚕业与生猪、水果一样,一直是重庆市广大农村的骨干产业,是广大农民的主要经济收入来源之一。因此,蚕丝业在重庆市国民经济中具有重要的地位,重庆市政府也给予高度重视,将蚕丝业列入全市农业“百… 相似文献
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据《山西通志·农业志》第三编第一节蚕桑史略记载：1917年，山西推行包括蚕桑在内的“六政三事“改良运动，把蚕桑列为重要内容，并成立了“六政“考核处，负责“六政“的实施执行。这些对当时山西的蚕业发展起到了一定的积极作用。据《山西六政三事汇编》所云：晋省河东、泽潞两处，蚕桑事业较为发达，蚕桑职业学校和丝织业也曾有过一段兴盛时期。从各地县、市近年编著的地方志中也可窥见一斑。兹将其主要内容加以综合分析和整理，略述如下：
公元1921年夏县成立农桑局，开办女子蚕桑传习所，规定每户建立半亩桑园，鼓励农民栽桑养蚕。1919年县城北街姜延寿和其父姜效维在里泰山庙办起了三圣宫机房厂，有固定资金2000元，24名技术工人，7台缫丝织机，年产春绸350疋，各色丝线150kg。1936年，全县有丝织作坊14家，合资2家，其余均为独资经营，共有职工315人。县城大辛庄一带所经营的手工丝线闻名全省。赵文胜一家三代从事丝线加工有200多年历史，自己养蚕、加工和销售，产品有50余种，运往陕西、内蒙等地销售。 相似文献
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川西北高原地处长江、黄河上游及重要支流的源头地区,地理位置独特,生态战略地位十分重要,是长江、黄河上游的重要生态屏障.文章研究了川西北高原生态环境状况,分析了形成这种状况的自然因素和人为因素,并提出了一些相应的对策. 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献
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乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物.本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制.乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道.文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分(表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖)与肠道受体(C型凝集素受体、Toll样受体和Nod样受体),阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制. 相似文献
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Billinghurst RC Brama PA van Weeren PR Knowlton MS McIlwraith CW 《American journal of veterinary research》2004,65(2):143-150
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether serum concentrations of biomarkers of skeletal metabolism can, in conjunction with radiographic evaluation, indicate severity of osteochondrosis in developing horses. ANIMALS: 43 Dutch Warmblood foals with varying severity of osteochondrosis. PROCEDURE: 24 foals were monitored for 5 months and 19 foals were monitored for 11 months. Monthly radiographs of femoropatellar-femorotibial and tibio-tarsal joints were graded for osteochondral abnormalities. Serial blood samples were assayed for 8 cartilage and bone biomarkers. At the end of the monitoring period, foals were examined for macroscopic osteochondrosis lesions. RESULTS: Temporal relationships were evident between certain serum biomarkers and osteochondrosis severity in foals during their first year. Biomarkers of collagen degradation (collagenase-generated neoepitopes of type-II collagen fragments, type-I and -II collagen fragments [COL2-3/4C(short)], and cross-linked telopeptide fragments of type-I collagen) and bone mineralization (osteocalcin) were positive indicators of osteochondrosis severity at 5 months of age. In foals with lesions at 11 months of age, osteochondrosis severity correlated negatively with COL2-3/4C(short) and osteocalcin and positively with C-propeptide of type-II procollagen (CPII), a collagen synthesis marker. Radiographic grading of osteochondrosis lesions significantly correlated with macroscopic osteochondrosis severity score at both ages and was strongest when combined with osteocalcin at 5 months and CPII at 11 months. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The ability of serum biomarkers to indicate osteochondrosis severity appears to depend on stage of disease and is strengthened with radiography. In older foals with more permanent lesions, osteochondrosis severity is significantly related to biomarker concentrations of decreased bone formation and increased cartilage synthesis. 相似文献