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《中国兽医学报》2014,(11):1748-1752
对我国最为流行的血清4、5、12、13和14型副猪嗜血杆菌进行了豚鼠和仔猪毒力试验的比较研究。豚鼠毒力试验结果表明,对豚鼠毒力最强的是12和14型菌株,其LD50均低于3.5×108 CFU;其次是5型,其LD50介于1.0×1091.9×109 CFU之间;毒力最弱的是13型,其LD50介于4.0×1091.9×109 CFU之间;毒力最弱的是13型,其LD50介于4.0×1094.1×109 CFU之间。4型的毒力差异较大,强毒菌株与5型接近,弱毒菌株与13型接近。与我们前期报道的小鼠毒力试验结果相比,豚鼠接种副猪嗜血杆菌后具有更长的发病死亡周期,且具有纤维素性渗出和败血症等副猪嗜血杆菌病的病变特征,表明豚鼠较小鼠更适合作为该病的替代实验动物。进一步的仔猪毒力试验结果与豚鼠毒力试验结果相一致。剖检发现,所有5、12和14型菌株以及4型强毒菌株均能导致严重的败血症性病理变化,表明副猪嗜血杆菌强毒菌株能导致猪的系统感染和全身性疾病;而所有13型菌株和4型弱毒株则不能。这表明国内流行的5、12和14型副猪嗜血杆菌的毒力与国外已有报道一致,均为强毒菌株;而4和13型则不同,具有明显的地域特征。 相似文献
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为了了解猪丹毒丝菌安徽分离株(BB130818)对小鼠的致病性,试验采用改良寇氏法测定猪丹毒丝菌安徽分离株对小鼠的半数致死量(LD50),应用1×LD50和100×LD50菌量分别攻毒感染小鼠,通过实时荧光定量PCR技术检测感染菌株在小鼠体内的分布情况,并采集以100×LD50剂量攻毒时小鼠的脾脏、肺脏、肝脏制作组织切片观察病理变化。结果表明:猪丹毒丝菌安徽分离株对小鼠的LD50为50.3 cfu/m L;以1×LD50剂量攻毒36 h后即可从小鼠心脏、脾脏和脑组织中检出该菌,48 h后可从小鼠肝脏、肺脏中检出该菌;以100×LD50剂量攻毒24 h后即可从小鼠心脏、脾脏、肺脏和脑组织中检出该菌,36 h后可从小鼠肝脏中检出该菌;小鼠全身败血性出血,脾脏、肺脏、肝脏均出现病变。说明猪丹毒丝菌安徽分离株具有较强的致病力,进入小鼠体内的主要增殖器官首先是心脏、脾脏和脑组织,然后到肺脏和肝脏。 相似文献
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《畜牧与兽医》2016,(9):100-103
为了同时检测引起猪关节病的猪链球菌2型(Streptococcus suis type2,SS2)、副猪嗜血杆菌(Haempohlius parasuis,HPS)和猪丹毒丝菌(Erysipelothrix rosenbach),分别设计针对SS2的cps2J基因、HPS和猪丹毒丝菌的16S rRNA基因的3对特异性引物,建立了同时检测以上3种病原的多重PCR方法,并对反应条件进行优化,测试多重PCR方法的特异性和灵敏度。对采自8个规模猪场的猪关节病病料进行检测,从72份猪关节液样品中检出2株猪链球菌2型、1株副猪嗜血杆菌和2株猪丹毒丝菌,结果显示与常规PCR检测结果一致,表明建立的多重PCR方法敏感、特异、快速,可用于猪关节病重要病原体的检测。 相似文献
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探讨甘草查尔酮A对副猪嗜血杆菌体内外生长的影响。将副猪嗜血杆菌于分别含10、20、50、100、200μg/mL甘草查尔酮A的TSA液体培养基中培养,采用分光光度法分析副猪嗜血杆菌生长和生物被膜形成的变化;以1、10、100mg/kg甘草查尔酮A经口灌胃小鼠,分别在3d、5d和7d称重,并计算脏器指数,Hiseq高通量测序技术分析肠道菌群等生长性能,Bliss法测定副猪嗜血杆菌对小鼠半数致死量(LD50);检测甘草查尔酮A对小鼠清除0.01×LD50副猪嗜血杆菌感染和抵抗100×LD50副猪嗜血杆菌感染的影响。结果表明,各浓度甘草查尔酮A对副猪嗜血杆菌的生长速率和生物被膜形成的影响差异均无显著差异。所有剂量组小鼠给予甘草查尔酮A处理后,一般临床症状、体重和脏器指数无统计学意义。灌喂甘草查尔酮A有增加小鼠肠道菌群丰富度的趋势,但降低拟杆菌门丰度而增加厚壁菌门丰度。小鼠清除0.01×LD50副猪嗜血杆菌感染的能力呈剂量依赖性,而100×LD50的副猪嗜血杆菌感染小鼠后随着甘草查尔酮A浓度增加可呈剂量依赖延迟小鼠死亡时间。表明甘草查尔酮A对副猪嗜血杆菌体外生长无显著的抑制作用,同时对小鼠生长性能亦无明显影响,但可增加肠道菌群丰富度而提高小鼠抵抗副猪嗜血杆菌感染的能力。 相似文献
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副猪嗜血杆菌对部分常用实验动物的致病性试验 总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2
为筛选对副猪嗜血杆菌易感的实验动物,对部分常用的不同品种、不同品系实验动物进行了副猪嗜血杆菌致病性试验。用副猪嗜血杆菌血清型5型标准株（Strain Nagasaki）培养物,以2×10^8-2×10^10CFU的接种量,通过腹腔感染SPF级小鼠、大鼠、金黄地鼠、豚鼠以及清洁级豚鼠和兔。结果当接种量达到2×10^9CFU时,SPF豚鼠、清洁级豚鼠和SPF昆明小鼠出现死亡,在死亡豚鼠观察到典型的副猪嗜血杆菌病病理变化,而在死亡小鼠未见。其它各实验动物在上述剂量范围内均未发病或死亡,感染7d后剖检也未见任何异常。对死亡豚鼠和小鼠的各个组织器官进行副猪嗜血杆菌分离,结果在豚鼠的大脑、心血、肺、肝和腹水中分离到了副猪嗜血杆菌。提示豚鼠对副猪嗜血杆菌易感,可以做为建立副猪嗜血杆菌感染动物模型的候选实验动物。 相似文献
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为了解天津部分地区2014年副猪嗜血杆菌病的发病情况及菌株的致病力,收集本地区45个规模化养猪场疑似副猪嗜血杆菌病猪的病料53份,通过病原分离培养、培养特性及染色特性观察、生化试验及PCR扩增等方法进行鉴定,最终分离到阳性样品15例,阳性率28.3%;挑选2株(TJ-0121A,TJ-0134A)分离于临床症状典型病猪,且生物学特性典型的分离株进行豚鼠副猪嗜血杆菌的人工感染试验,每只豚鼠腹腔注射2.0×109 CFU/mL菌液。TJ-0121A分离株接种豚鼠后,豚鼠全部死亡;TJ-0134A分离株感染7d后未出现死亡。对所有豚鼠的肝、肺、脾、淋巴结、肾、心肌进行副猪嗜血杆菌分离和PCR检测,TJ-0121A组死亡豚鼠的所有组织均可分离并检测到副猪嗜血杆菌;TJ-0134A组豚鼠仅肺脏分离检测到副猪嗜血杆菌,说明不同菌株间的致病力存在差异。 相似文献
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副猪嗜血杆菌高密度发酵工艺研究 《畜牧与饲料科学》2018,39(11):1-6
旨在建立副猪嗜血杆菌高密度发酵工艺。通过对TSB、BH1、LB培养基进行比较，选择TSB培养基进行优化，利用优化后的培养基对副猪嗜血杆菌在10L发酵罐中进行高密度发酵培养。结果表明，血清4型JS株的活菌数达到2．5×10^10CFU／mL，血清5型ZJ株的活菌数达到2．5×10^10CFU／mL，且通过批次补料与流加相结合的工艺使关键成本血清的使用量降低了1／2。在1000L发酵规模上进行连续3批的发酵试验．经验证该工艺可用于副猪嗜血杆菌灭活疫苗抗原的规模化生产。对3批发酵抗原利用替代动物豚鼠进行动物实验，结果显示抗原均合格。研究结果为国内副猪嗜血杆菌流行菌株血清4型和5型二价灭活疫苗的规模化生产提供了理论依据。 相似文献
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Beran GW 《Preventive veterinary medicine》2008,86(3-4):198-207
When early people made their appearance, zoonotic infectious diseases were already waiting, but epidemic diseases did not appear in human history until people began to live in large numbers under conditions of close contact, mainly during the last 10,000 years. Disease has decimated urban populations, conquered armies, and disrupted society. The focus here is on (1) the plague of Athens and the Black Death; (2) smallpox, influenza, and rabies; (3) avian influenza prion diseases, and foot & mouth disease; and (4) emerging and re-emerging diseases. All have veterinary public health associations. In Athens, Greece, in 430 BC, when the Spartans ravaged the countryside, hordes crowded into Athens so that orderly movements, space in which to live, and adequate supplies of food became impossible. Crowding of any population fosters disease transmission; chaos and disorder enhance it all the more. Out of northern Egypt came a terrible plague from across the Mediterranean Sea. The identity of the plague of Athens remains unsure, but the well-considered conclusion is Rift Valley Fever, a mosquito borne, viral zoonosis. The Black Death, also called the Plague, raged in Asia for centuries. In 1347, the Black Death was brought by a ship out of Asia to Sicily. The scenes of devastation were repeated throughout Europe, with 90% or more of the people dying in city after city. Influenza, too, has been a cause of periodic human epidemics, but the great pandemic of influenza occurred in the last months of World War I. In the years of highest occurrence, more than half the world's population became clinically infected. If veterinary public health had been born earlier, it could have led to elucidating the epidemiology of influenza and the plagues of Athens, Europe, and Asia. In turn, smallpox had also caused continual tragedy. In 1796, Edward Jenner began to harvest pustules of cowpox from children or infected cows and inject them into susceptible children. In 1980, the World Health Organization declared that smallpox had been eliminated from the world. Rabies, though, still strikes terror. A number of animal diseases, broadly termed emerging and re-emerging diseases, need surveillance because they have the potential to impact human health. From late in 2003 to 2007, the highly pathogenic H5N1 influenza virus in poultry infected at least 121 people and caused 62 deaths in four countries. The prion diseases, too, all have very high numbers in concentrated contacts. To control these diseases, veterinary public health is essential, with diagnosis, epidemiological surveillance, clinical manifestations, and prevention as primary measures. 相似文献
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在动物的异常行为中以刻板行为最为常见,而咽气癖又是马最常见的口部刻板行为之一。作者就咽气癖在生理方面和心智方面对马体产生的影响、行为基础、诱因的研究进展及常见的防治措施进行综述。 相似文献
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Dekker A Dercksen D Snoep J van Wuyjckhuise L 《Tijdschrift voor diergeneeskunde》2007,132(18):695-701
On 26th of july 2007 a new case of bluetongue was notified in the Netherlands and on 2nd of august 2007 foot-and-mouth disease was diagnosed in Surrey, England, which raised the threat of having both infections simultaniously in one area. Bluetongue and foot-and-mouth disease have a different pathogenesis, but symptoms may resemble each other at a later stage of infection. The pathogenesis and possible clinical symptoms of both infections are discussed and illustrated with pictures. 相似文献
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