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孟加拉国是世界上第四大水稻生产国,水稻种植面积占全国耕种面积的75%左右,年产稻谷约3 400万t,是孟加拉国人民的主要粮食作物之一。杂交水稻的推广显著提高了孟加拉国的稻谷产量,为解决孟加拉国粮食安全问题作出了重大贡献。该文介绍了孟加拉国杂交水稻的状况,包括其杂交水稻种植情况、制种情况、本国杂交水稻科研情况、本国公司制种情况及中国公司在孟加拉国的出口情况等,为进一步发展孟加拉国杂交水稻市场提供参考。 相似文献
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浙江省杂交水稻育种研究专项的成就与展望 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
水稻是浙江省最重要的粮食作物,为加强浙江省杂交水稻育种研究,1988年12月,浙江省设立水稻育种研究重大科技专项,定名为"8812"计划,组织全省水稻育种研究优势单位共同攻关。经过20年的攻关,浙江省杂交稻育种技术和方法不断创新,品种大批育成,单产水平显著提高,品质明显改善,同时,突破了连作杂交晚稻和籼粳杂交稻育种的瓶颈。目前,育成的杂交稻组合年种植面积占浙江省年推广杂交稻面积的75%以上,对推进浙江省的水稻科技创新和保障粮食安全具有重大的意义。本文简要地阐述该项目实施以来取得的主要进展。 相似文献
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我国水稻杂种优势利用研究，相继取得籼、粳稻“三系”配套，至1976－1980年5年累计，全国种植杂交水稻面积达3亿5千多万亩，增产粮食130多亿公斤，平均每亩增产50公斤以上。杂交水稻的生产潜力与植株形态密切相关，为提高杂交水稻育种水平．尽快培育出生产潜力更大的杂交水稻新组合，总结本人多年育种经验，结合水稻形态学研究有关资料对杂交水稻高产形态进行探讨，望能对杂交水稻育种及栽培实践有所助益。1杂交稻根系发达，活力旺盛优良组合杂交水稻和常规水稻比较具有较为明显的根系生长优势。据营口县水稻三系育种组观察，杂交水稻黎化… 相似文献
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两系杂交水稻由于具有优质高产的特性,近几年在全省各地发展较为迅速。六合区为江苏省丘陵地区杂交水稻优势区域,随着水稻优质产业提档升级,至2010年两系杂交水稻种植面积已占全区杂交稻种植面积的80%以上。 相似文献
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前言杂交水稻在福建省种植面积和产量都占有重要地位，扩大杂交稻种植面积是我省粮食增产的重要途径之一。据1996年统计杂交稻种植面积1297．86万亩，占水稻种植面积61．85％，晚杂交稻种植面积已占70．60％。而早杂交稻只占34．07％，可见扩大早杂交稻良种很有潜力，因此对新配制的早杂交稻组合进行鉴定并作出利用评价有着重要的意义。本文论述1996年早杂交稻在参加省区试的表现并对其利用作出评价，供各地示范、试种参考。一、试验材料、方法参试组合有：福优77．福优016、威优89、福代17464、福代晚三、宁化77、汕优82、汕优34、博优306… 相似文献
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两系杂交稻Y两优1号是湖南杂交水稻研究中心育成的水稻新品种,于2008年通过国家品种审定。在浦城山区作中稻种植,表现丰产性好、米质优、熟期转色好、适应性广。阐述了Y两优1号在浦城山区示范种植表现及高产栽培技术。 相似文献
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自主创新实现杂交水稻研发新飞跃 总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2
杂交水稻经历了由三系杂交稻、两系杂交稻到超级杂交稻的发展历程，取得了一系列重大科技成果，对中国乃至世界的粮食安全做出了巨大贡献。阐述了袁隆平院士提出的攻克超级杂交稻第3期育种目标、实施“种3产4”丰产工程和拓展杂交水稻国际化开发等新时期杂交水稻研发的重大目标，提出了以分子育种技术的运用、C4型杂交水稻的研究和杂交水稻产业化开发为突破口，坚持自主创新，实现杂交水稻研发新飞跃的战略措施。 相似文献
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1全国两系杂交稻发展概况两系法杂交水稻是继三系法杂交水稻之后在水稻遗传育种上又一重大技术革新，具有生产程序简化，制种成本低，配组自由，杂种优势强等优点。1987年被列入国家“863”计划，开始了全国性的协作攻关，10多年来经过科学家们不懈努力，两系杂交水稻研究... 相似文献
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概述了海峡两岸农业交流与合作的现状,提出了应该共同呼吁尽快实现两岸“三通”,开放农业生物技术图书期刊资料交流以及开放生物学科方面网络的思路,以便为农业交流与合作的顺畅开展打好基础,并寄希望能够就糖蔗、果蔗以及甘蔗笋等方面的研究与开发到台湾学习取经,开展学术交流或与台湾同行共同开展研究,为我省甘蔗业的发展作出贡献。 相似文献
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Sorghum and millet phenols and antioxidants 总被引：5，自引：2，他引：5
Sorghum is a good source of phenolic compounds with a variety of genetically dependent types and levels including phenolic acids, flavonoids, and condensed tannins. Most sorghums do not contain condensed tannins, but all contain phenolic acids. Pigmented sorghums contain unique anthocyanins that could be potential food colorants. Some sorghums have a prominent pigmented testa that contains condensed tannins composed of flavan-3-ols with variable length. Flavan-3-ols of up to 8–10 units have been separated and quantitatively analyzed. These tannin sorghums are excellent antioxidants, which slow hydrolysis in foods, produce naturally dark-colored products and increase the dietary fiber levels of food products. Sorghums have high concentration of 3-deoxyanthocyanins (i.e. luteolinidin and apigenidin) that give stable pigments at high pH. Pigmented and tannin sorghum varieties have high antioxidant levels that are comparable to fruits and vegetables. Finger millet has tannins in some varieties that contain a red testa. There are limited data on the phenolic compounds in millets; only phenolic acids and flavones have been identified. 相似文献
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《Journal of Cereal Science》2007,45(3):236-251
Sorghum is a good source of phenolic compounds with a variety of genetically dependent types and levels including phenolic acids, flavonoids, and condensed tannins. Most sorghums do not contain condensed tannins, but all contain phenolic acids. Pigmented sorghums contain unique anthocyanins that could be potential food colorants. Some sorghums have a prominent pigmented testa that contains condensed tannins composed of flavan-3-ols with variable length. Flavan-3-ols of up to 8–10 units have been separated and quantitatively analyzed. These tannin sorghums are excellent antioxidants, which slow hydrolysis in foods, produce naturally dark-colored products and increase the dietary fiber levels of food products. Sorghums have high concentration of 3-deoxyanthocyanins (i.e. luteolinidin and apigenidin) that give stable pigments at high pH. Pigmented and tannin sorghum varieties have high antioxidant levels that are comparable to fruits and vegetables. Finger millet has tannins in some varieties that contain a red testa. There are limited data on the phenolic compounds in millets; only phenolic acids and flavones have been identified. 相似文献
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近年来，随着大豆播种面积的增长，受病虫危害日趋严重。特别是大豆根潜蝇（又名根明）与根腐病共同发生危害，严重影响大豆的生产。综合防治技术主要手段是三年以上轮作，适时播种及种衣剂拌种等措施。 相似文献
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Summary Between 1993 and 1998 205 different potato cultivars and 1220 accessions/genotypes of wild and cultivated potato species from
the IPK Genebank Gatersleben were evaluated. Parameters interesting for starch isolation and especially for the use of starch
were determined. Altogether, there was a higher variability in wild potato species than in cultivated potatoes for all characteristics
investigated: dry matter content, starch content, protein content, amylose content and mean particle diameter of starch granules. 相似文献
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In field experiments conducted over 2 years in Mediterranean conditions, five winter and five spring triticales were evaluated for forage and grain production in the same cropping season. The experiments had two treatments, namely harvesting for grain only, and dual-purpose forage and grain production. In the latter treatment, forage was cut when the first node was detectable (Zadoks' stage 31), without removing the apical meristems. Grain was harvested when ripe (Zadoks' stage 92) in both cut and uncut plots.
Environmental conditions affected grain production and protein content more than forage yield and quality. Winter triticales yielded about 43% more forage than spring types, but after forage removal the spring types yielded about 36% more grain than winter triticales.
Reductions in grain yield after clipping were more pronounced in winter (32%) than in spring (19%) types. Forage crude protein content was significantly higher in the spring types studied (24.6%) than in the winter types (23.5%), the opposite being true for fibre content (20.7 and 21.6% respectively). Grain crude protein content did not differ between grain and dual-purpose treatments, but was higher in the spring triticales (12.8%) than in the winter types (11.9%). There was more variability for the measured traits within the winter triticales studied than within the spring types. 相似文献
Environmental conditions affected grain production and protein content more than forage yield and quality. Winter triticales yielded about 43% more forage than spring types, but after forage removal the spring types yielded about 36% more grain than winter triticales.
Reductions in grain yield after clipping were more pronounced in winter (32%) than in spring (19%) types. Forage crude protein content was significantly higher in the spring types studied (24.6%) than in the winter types (23.5%), the opposite being true for fibre content (20.7 and 21.6% respectively). Grain crude protein content did not differ between grain and dual-purpose treatments, but was higher in the spring triticales (12.8%) than in the winter types (11.9%). There was more variability for the measured traits within the winter triticales studied than within the spring types. 相似文献
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种子加工、检验理论与技术现状及思考 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
种子加工及检验是种子向市场流通的关键，是商业化育种中赋予种子商品属性不可或缺的环节。种子加工、检验理论与技术的研究是完善种业产业链、实现规模化商业育种、夯实“育繁推一体化”种业科学的重要一环。中国的种业科学技术体系正在形成与完善之中，受制于行业发展水平，种子加工及检验理论与技术相对薄弱。本文回顾了种子加工及检验理论与技术研究发展历程，提出了完善中国种业科学发展的策略与建议。围绕种业发展的需要，在做好品种优质化繁育的基础上，分析种子加工及检验理论与技术的新方向和新需求，加强种业应用性研究，建立先进的种子质量检验体系，研制适合现代种业发展需求的种子加工设备，打造种子加工产业标准化生产体系，完善种业科学技术学科建设，促进种业产业持续健康发展。 相似文献
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《Journal of Crop Improvement》2013,27(1):313-324
Summary Arbuscular mycorrhizae were inoculated into phosphorus-deficient soil fertilized with either organic or chemical fertilizer with cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) as the first crop and lettuce (Lactu-ca sativa L.) as the second crop but without additional fertilization and AM inoculation. AM increased dry matter and fruit yield of cucumber significantly in the unfertilized, organic-fertilized and P-deficient plants compared with the fully chemical-fertilized plants. AM inoculation increased the available phosphorus in plant and soil by around 30% for all treatments except for those chemically-fertilized. The rate of AM infection did not differ significantly among the fertilization treatments, but the infection intensity was higher in unfertilized, organic-fertilized and phosphorus-deficient treatments than chemical-fertilized treatment. The residual effects of AM-inoculated to cucumber were evident for lettuce in all pre-treatments that were unfertilized and un-inoculated for the second cropping. Without P-fertilization, neither crop could grow optimally even when the soil was inoculated with AM, suggesting that AM could not serve as a substitute for phosphorus fertilizer. However, the other beneficial effects of AM on crop growth and yield could not be fulfilled with phosphorus fertilizer. 相似文献