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论述了葡萄设施栽培技术要点,分别从栽培园地与方式的选择、品种的选择、肥水管理、整形修剪、低温情况下温湿度管理和病虫害防治等方面进行了详细的论述,为葡萄设施栽培提供了详尽的技术依据。 相似文献
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葡萄是我国主要果树之一,随着设施栽培技术的推广应用,将设施栽培技术与葡萄栽培相结合逐渐成为葡萄产业发展的新亮点,通过人工创造适宜葡萄生长发育的优质条件,可以有效克服地域、气候等环境因素,实现葡萄产业的定向生产目标,并具有见效快、收益高等特点。基于此,课题组通过对中国北方设施葡萄现状的调查和分析,发现北方地区设施葡萄产业取得了较大发展,实现了从产量效益型向果实质量效益型的转变,但仍存在品种结构单一、苗木质量参差不齐、果品质量差、栽培技术缺乏标准化与规范化等问题。针对以上问题,课题组提出了加强设施专用葡萄品种选育、健全良种苗木繁育体系建设、提高设施栽培技术标准化与规范化水平、积极培育龙头企业、加强信息技术研究和应用等对策措施,以推动北方设施葡萄产业专业化、多元化、可持续发展。 相似文献
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《农业装备与车辆工程》2017,(4)
在葡萄苗木嫁接时,切削刀的技术参数,如刀刃参数、切削速度、切削方式等,直接影响了切削面的粗糙度,继而影响了成活率。因而,根据工业中零部件粗糙度的定义,确定了葡萄苗木粗糙度的检测评定,遵从国家标准GB/T 3505—2009规定的用"轮廓法确定表面结构",采用GB/T 12472-2003标准,确定葡萄切削面粗糙度的评定规则,计算其轮廓算术平均偏差(Ra)、轮廓最大高度(Rz)、单个微观不平度高度与在测量长度上的平均值(Rpv),来计算切削面粗糙度值。在此基础上,综合分析了现有粗糙度检测的国家标准、检测方法、图像检测技术,提出了采用图像处理技术对葡萄苗木切削面粗糙度进行无损检测,可以确定切削技术参数,提高嫁接成活率,为后续的自动化嫁接技术提供技术支撑。 相似文献
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今春以来，枣庄市山亭区引进10万株德国和法国的优良葡萄苗木，将采用当今欧洲先进的栽培技术和管理模式，建成枣庄地区首个以生产国际品牌、欧洲风味高档葡萄酒为主产品的葡萄庄园。图为山亭区高级农艺师于庭柏（右一）在富安葡萄庄园指导农民科学管理洋葡萄幼苗。 相似文献
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近年来,随着园区式农业经济迅速发展,大中型葡萄基地及无公害示范园区如雨后春笋般在各地建立起来。在夏末秋初时北方葡萄园常有大面积黄(褐)叶、枯叶现象发生,由于防治不及时不对症,给葡萄生产造成了很大损失。为便于采取相应措施,以 相似文献
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正浙江省温岭市滨海镇是中国大棚葡萄之乡,葡萄种植面积高达1 466.7 hm~2,是温岭市的葡萄主产区。温岭市滨海葡萄专业合作社是温岭市影响最大的葡萄专业合作社,是温岭市农业龙头企业,也是"浙江省省级农民专业合作社","滨珠"牌葡萄获中国绿色食品发展中心绿色食品认证、国家农业部无公害农产品认证,连续获浙江省农博会金奖。合作社选择20 hm~2种植区域作为示范区,开展葡 相似文献
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大扁杏是近年来阜新地区发展迅速的经济树种.介绍适宜阜新地区种植条件的大扁杏高产栽培技术,着重阐述在园地选择与规划、苗木品种选择和授粉树配比、栽植、管理、提高坐果率、病虫害防治方面的技术要点,以期为大扁杏的高效栽培提供技术支持. 相似文献
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Overland water and salt flows in a set of rice paddies 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
E. Playn O. Prez-Coveta A. Martínez-Cob J. Herrero P. García-Navarro B. Latorre P. Brufau J. Garcs 《Agricultural Water Management》2008,95(6):645-658
Cultivation of paddy rice in semiarid areas of the world faces problems related to water scarcity. This paper aims at characterizing water use in a set of paddies located in the central Ebro basin of Spain using experimentation and computer simulation. A commercial field with six interconnected paddies, with a total area of 5.31 ha, was instrumented to measure discharge and water quality at the inflow and at the runoff outlet. The soil was classified as a Typic Calcixerept, and was characterized by a mild salinity (2.5 dS m−1) and an infiltration rate of 5.8 mm day−1. The evolution of flow depth at all paddies was recorded. Data from the 2002 rice-growing season was elaborated using a mass balance approach to estimate the infiltration rate and the evolution of discharge between paddies. Seasonal crop evapotranspiration, estimated with the surface renewal method, was 731 mm (5.1 mm day−1), very similar to that of other summer cereals grown in the area, like corn. The irrigation input was 1874 mm, deep percolation was 830 mm and surface runoff was 372 mm. Irrigation efficiency was estimated as 41%. The quality of surface runoff water was slightly degraded due to evapoconcentration and to the contact with the soil. During the period 2001–2003, the electrical conductivity of surface runoff water was 54% higher than that of irrigation water. However, the runoff water was suitable for irrigation. A mechanistic mass balance model of inter-paddy water flow permitted to conclude that improvements in irrigation efficiency cannot be easily obtained in the experimental conditions. Since deep percolation losses more than double surface runoff losses, a reduction in irrigation discharge would not have much room for efficiency improvement. Simulations also showed that rice irrigation performance was not negatively affected by the fluctuating inflow hydrograph. These hydrographs are typical of turnouts located at the tail end of tertiary irrigation ditches. In fact, these are the sites where rice has been historically cultivated in the study area, since local soils are often saline-sodic and can only grow paddy rice taking advantage of the low salinity of the irrigation water. The low infiltration rate characteristic of these saline-sodic soils (an experimental value of 3.2 mm day−1 was obtained) combined with a reduced irrigation discharge resulted in a simulated irrigation efficiency of 60%. Paddy rice irrigation efficiency can attain reasonable values in the local saline-sodic soils, where the infiltration rate is clearly smaller than the average daily rice evapotranspiration. 相似文献
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车用发动机润滑油失效规律与更换周期研究 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
研究在正常使用条件下１０Ｗ／３０－ＱＣ级润滑油用于某型车用发动机时所表现的失效规律,确认期服从两参数Ｗｅｉｂｕｌｌ分布,并给出分布的尺度参数η和形状参数ｍ之最佳线性无偏估计（ＢＬＵＥ）同时,还为定量分析,计算车用发动机润滑油的使用可靠性和合理确定其更换周期提供了一套可供借鉴的方法,并给出了具体的计算实例。 相似文献
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赵国杰 《农业机械化与电气化》2011,(4):106-107
乡（镇）农技推广体系是农业发展的关键。介绍朝阳市农业技术推广体系的现状,针对目前体制及运行机制、服务手段等方面存在的问题,提出适合朝阳市乡（镇）农技推广体系改革与发展的对策,以期对全省农技推广体系改革和发展起到一些借鉴作用。 相似文献
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苑庆刚 《农业机械化与电气化》2010,(3):52-54
草莓果味酸甜爽口,营养价值高,为人们所喜爱的应市鲜果之一。由于草莓易受损伤和微生物侵染,因此其采收、贮藏过程极为重要。介绍草莓采收过程中的注意事项以及11种贮藏保鲜技术的实施步骤和操作方法,推介9种加工方式,为草莓产业化提供技术支持。 相似文献
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对引进的谷子新品种金谷子耐旱TG118进行品种比较试验和多点试种。结果表明：该品种抗旱、耐瘠、适应性强,稳产、高产、抗病抗风抗倒伏强,品质优良,粮草兼用,种植简单,省工易管;一般产量在6000kg/hm2以上,比当地主栽品种增产20%以上。最高产量达9450kg/hm2,适于在辽西北地区推广应用。 相似文献
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对《种子法》存在问题的探讨 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
李鹏 《农业机械化与电气化》2011,(6):129-130
《种子法》是我国种植业第一部法律。自实施以来,为依法加强种子管理提供了有力的法律支撑,促进我国种子产业发生翻天覆地的变化。但随着依法管理工作的深入和种子产业的快速发展,《种子法》及配套规章的一些问题逐步显现出来。对《种子法》及配套规章存在的问题进行深入分析,对需要进一步补充的章节以及需要调整的内容进行深入探讨,以求更加完善和明确。 相似文献
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瓦房店市是我国重要的水果生产基地,在国内水果生产领域占有重要地位。随着水果市场化的不断深入,如何满足和适应国内外市场需求成为瓦房店市水果生产的关键问题。从瓦房店市水果生产实际出发,阐述了实施水果生产标准化的必要性,提出了发展水果生产标准化的具体措施。 相似文献
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在新世纪,面对机遇和挑战,党的十六大把“社会更加和谐”作为全面建设更高水平的小康社会的一个重要目标。中国人素有社会和谐的理想;西方人自古也向往社会和谐;借鉴东西方两种和谐社会思想的经验、教训,构建社会主义和谐社会理论。 相似文献
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About 30 years have passed since the Government of Egypt embarked on implementing a series of large scale drainage projects. At present, about 3.8 million acres have been provided with drainage systems on the basis of systematic pre-drainage investigations and designs. The target is to provide drains in approximately 6.4 million acres in the Nile Valley and Delta.The implementation of the subsurface drainage system is carried out by the public sector and private contractors under direct supervision of governmental regional departments. The implementation process depends on many factors related to the drainage material, machinery, manpower, site requirements, farmers and organizations involved. Problems and constraints are sometimes challenging, however, the annual rate of implementation has gradually increased to 170,000 acre/year.This paper discusses the different aspects involved in the implementation process of drainage systems. The development in materials, machinery and construction technologies will be reviewed. Institutional and management factors are going to be also considered. 相似文献