共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 78 毫秒
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自动控制灌溉系统介绍 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
一、自动控制灌溉系统的定义自动控制灌溉系统是将自动控制与灌溉系统有机的结合起来，使灌溉系统在无人干预的情况下通过控制器按规定的程序或指令自动进行灌溉。1、全自动控制灌溉系统全自动控制灌溉系统不需要人直接参与，通过预先编制好的控制程序和根据反映作物需水的某些参量可以长时间地自动启闭水泵和自动按一定的轮灌顺序进行灌溉。人的作用只是调整控制程序和检修控制设备。这种系统中，除灌水器、管道、管件及水泵、电机外，还有中央控制器、自动阀、传感器及电线等。在园林绿地灌溉中普遍应用的中央计算机控制系统是典型的全自… 相似文献
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随着电气信息技术在节水灌溉工程中的应用,开发节水灌溉控制系统具有广阔的市场前景和巨大的社会效益。本文基于PLC为核心器件,从灌溉系统手动设置和自动灌溉两种模式探讨硬件系统的搭建与设计。 相似文献
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针对传统灌溉方式浪费水资源的问题,基于电力线设计了自动灌溉系统,由一个主模块和N个从模块构成,以单片机为控制中心。系统通过电力线进行通信和远程控制,采用灰色预测模糊PID控制算法控制灌溉系统的需水量。为验证该系统的性能,对系统进行了灌溉试验。试验结果表明:系统可以完成灌溉系统数据的稳定传输,能够稳定控制灌溉过程的水流量,且灌溉系统运行稳定,工作性能良好。 相似文献
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针对传统丘陵山地农业灌溉通常采用人工控制电磁阀进行灌溉所出现的水资源浪费、人工成本高等问题,设计了一套基于模糊控制和PID控制的丘陵山地农作物自动灌溉控制系统,将PID控制的稳定性和模糊控制的适应性相结合来控制灌溉时长。通过Simulink搭建的丘陵山地灌溉系统,分别用常规PID和模糊PID来控制该系统进行仿真实验。结果表明：模糊PID控制下的系统相比于常规PID控制,超调量和调节时间都明显降低,具有更高的稳定性、适应性和调节性能,可以用于丘陵山地农业自动灌溉系统中。 相似文献
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由于能源和水源日趋紧张,改进传统的地面灌溉技术,推广压力管道输水灌溉,逐步实现粮食以及各种经济作物灌溉系统管道化,做到自动灌溉,施肥,喷药,是当代国际上一个总的发展趋势。本文对压力管道灌溉系统中一种国外引进的水动施肥、喷药装置的系统原理进行分析,并举例说明在实际管道灌溉系统中的应用。 相似文献
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为了实现农作物需水信息的实时采集和农作物的及时灌溉,设计了基于WinCE和ARM的作物需水信息的采集、分析与自动灌溉控制系统。在总结原有的农作物自动灌溉系统存在的系统资源较少、人机交互界面不够友好等不足的基础上,利用ARM嵌入式系统和WinCE的硬件扩展能力强、实时、移植性好、应用程序开发周期短、人机交互友好等优势,从硬件实施和软件开发两个方面设计了一种新的自动灌溉系统。实测结果表明,该系统可以较好地实现土壤含水率的监测。同时,通过选择中、下层土壤含水率来设定灌溉起、停阈值,达到了节水的目的。系统性能稳定、可靠,能够满足农作物需水信息的实时采集和自动灌溉要求。 相似文献
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农田自动灌溉管理可以提高灌溉效率,促进农业的发展。自动灌溉技术依赖于GSM数字通信技术,文章基于该技术的自动灌溉系统组成和应用进行了分析。自动灌溉系统在农村地区推广过程中还面临较多的问题,技术和引进成本问题是农民重点考虑的问题。文章从理论上和实践应用两个方面对其进行分析,进一步明确基于GSM数字通信技术的自动灌溉控制系统应用。 相似文献
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Overland water and salt flows in a set of rice paddies 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
E. Playn O. Prez-Coveta A. Martínez-Cob J. Herrero P. García-Navarro B. Latorre P. Brufau J. Garcs 《Agricultural Water Management》2008,95(6):645-658
Cultivation of paddy rice in semiarid areas of the world faces problems related to water scarcity. This paper aims at characterizing water use in a set of paddies located in the central Ebro basin of Spain using experimentation and computer simulation. A commercial field with six interconnected paddies, with a total area of 5.31 ha, was instrumented to measure discharge and water quality at the inflow and at the runoff outlet. The soil was classified as a Typic Calcixerept, and was characterized by a mild salinity (2.5 dS m−1) and an infiltration rate of 5.8 mm day−1. The evolution of flow depth at all paddies was recorded. Data from the 2002 rice-growing season was elaborated using a mass balance approach to estimate the infiltration rate and the evolution of discharge between paddies. Seasonal crop evapotranspiration, estimated with the surface renewal method, was 731 mm (5.1 mm day−1), very similar to that of other summer cereals grown in the area, like corn. The irrigation input was 1874 mm, deep percolation was 830 mm and surface runoff was 372 mm. Irrigation efficiency was estimated as 41%. The quality of surface runoff water was slightly degraded due to evapoconcentration and to the contact with the soil. During the period 2001–2003, the electrical conductivity of surface runoff water was 54% higher than that of irrigation water. However, the runoff water was suitable for irrigation. A mechanistic mass balance model of inter-paddy water flow permitted to conclude that improvements in irrigation efficiency cannot be easily obtained in the experimental conditions. Since deep percolation losses more than double surface runoff losses, a reduction in irrigation discharge would not have much room for efficiency improvement. Simulations also showed that rice irrigation performance was not negatively affected by the fluctuating inflow hydrograph. These hydrographs are typical of turnouts located at the tail end of tertiary irrigation ditches. In fact, these are the sites where rice has been historically cultivated in the study area, since local soils are often saline-sodic and can only grow paddy rice taking advantage of the low salinity of the irrigation water. The low infiltration rate characteristic of these saline-sodic soils (an experimental value of 3.2 mm day−1 was obtained) combined with a reduced irrigation discharge resulted in a simulated irrigation efficiency of 60%. Paddy rice irrigation efficiency can attain reasonable values in the local saline-sodic soils, where the infiltration rate is clearly smaller than the average daily rice evapotranspiration. 相似文献
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车用发动机润滑油失效规律与更换周期研究 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
研究在正常使用条件下１０Ｗ／３０－ＱＣ级润滑油用于某型车用发动机时所表现的失效规律,确认期服从两参数Ｗｅｉｂｕｌｌ分布,并给出分布的尺度参数η和形状参数ｍ之最佳线性无偏估计（ＢＬＵＥ）同时,还为定量分析,计算车用发动机润滑油的使用可靠性和合理确定其更换周期提供了一套可供借鉴的方法,并给出了具体的计算实例。 相似文献
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对引进的谷子新品种金谷子耐旱TG118进行品种比较试验和多点试种。结果表明：该品种抗旱、耐瘠、适应性强,稳产、高产、抗病抗风抗倒伏强,品质优良,粮草兼用,种植简单,省工易管;一般产量在6000kg/hm2以上,比当地主栽品种增产20%以上。最高产量达9450kg/hm2,适于在辽西北地区推广应用。 相似文献
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对《种子法》存在问题的探讨 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
李鹏 《农业机械化与电气化》2011,(6):129-130
《种子法》是我国种植业第一部法律。自实施以来,为依法加强种子管理提供了有力的法律支撑,促进我国种子产业发生翻天覆地的变化。但随着依法管理工作的深入和种子产业的快速发展,《种子法》及配套规章的一些问题逐步显现出来。对《种子法》及配套规章存在的问题进行深入分析,对需要进一步补充的章节以及需要调整的内容进行深入探讨,以求更加完善和明确。 相似文献
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瓦房店市是我国重要的水果生产基地,在国内水果生产领域占有重要地位。随着水果市场化的不断深入,如何满足和适应国内外市场需求成为瓦房店市水果生产的关键问题。从瓦房店市水果生产实际出发,阐述了实施水果生产标准化的必要性,提出了发展水果生产标准化的具体措施。 相似文献
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赵国杰 《农业机械化与电气化》2011,(4):106-107
乡（镇）农技推广体系是农业发展的关键。介绍朝阳市农业技术推广体系的现状,针对目前体制及运行机制、服务手段等方面存在的问题,提出适合朝阳市乡（镇）农技推广体系改革与发展的对策,以期对全省农技推广体系改革和发展起到一些借鉴作用。 相似文献
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苑庆刚 《农业机械化与电气化》2010,(3):52-54
草莓果味酸甜爽口,营养价值高,为人们所喜爱的应市鲜果之一。由于草莓易受损伤和微生物侵染,因此其采收、贮藏过程极为重要。介绍草莓采收过程中的注意事项以及11种贮藏保鲜技术的实施步骤和操作方法,推介9种加工方式,为草莓产业化提供技术支持。 相似文献
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在新世纪,面对机遇和挑战,党的十六大把“社会更加和谐”作为全面建设更高水平的小康社会的一个重要目标。中国人素有社会和谐的理想;西方人自古也向往社会和谐;借鉴东西方两种和谐社会思想的经验、教训,构建社会主义和谐社会理论。 相似文献
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About 30 years have passed since the Government of Egypt embarked on implementing a series of large scale drainage projects. At present, about 3.8 million acres have been provided with drainage systems on the basis of systematic pre-drainage investigations and designs. The target is to provide drains in approximately 6.4 million acres in the Nile Valley and Delta.The implementation of the subsurface drainage system is carried out by the public sector and private contractors under direct supervision of governmental regional departments. The implementation process depends on many factors related to the drainage material, machinery, manpower, site requirements, farmers and organizations involved. Problems and constraints are sometimes challenging, however, the annual rate of implementation has gradually increased to 170,000 acre/year.This paper discusses the different aspects involved in the implementation process of drainage systems. The development in materials, machinery and construction technologies will be reviewed. Institutional and management factors are going to be also considered. 相似文献