共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 156 毫秒
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哺乳仔猪下痢病（黄、白痢）是养猪生产中最常见的疾病。造成仔猪下痢病的原因很多主要有：环境中存在病原微生物，致病源扩散，可引起传染性下痢；母猪本身患病，其胎毒通过乳汁致使乳猪患先天性下痢；母猪饲料类型突变或饲料配合不当，致使母乳营养成份改变，可引起营养性下痢；母猪饲养管理不当，引起乳汁过多或过少，过浓或过稀，可引起泌乳性下痢；环境气候骤变，特别是湿度大，气候多变的冬春季节，可引起环境应激性下痢；乳猪供水不足，误饮粪尿污水，致使病菌侵入而下痢；仔猪开食迟，饲料中油脂含量过多，不可消化蛋白含量高，饲料… 相似文献
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仔猪黄白痢的综合防治 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
多年来 ,仔猪下痢一直是困扰猪场管理者和兽医的一个顽症 ,它直接影响仔猪的成活率和猪场经济效益 ,故备受业界重视和关注 ,而仔猪下痢又以大肠杆菌引起的黄白痢为最常见 ,也最严重。该病是由某些产肠毒素性 /致病性大肠杆菌 (ＥＴＥＣ/ＥＰＥＣ)引起的、以初生仔猪急性腹泻为特征的肠道传染病。根据发病日龄、临床症状和病原血清型差异 ,又可分为仔猪黄痢和白痢两种。仔猪黄痢本病是仔猪出生后 1周内发生以剧烈腹泻、排出黄色或黄白色水样粪便为特征的一种急性、高度致死性肠道传染病 ,发病急 ,病程短 ,发病率和死亡率高。病原该病由肠毒性… 相似文献
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吴楚泓 《广东畜牧兽医科技》1999,(4)
引起哺乳仔猪下痢的原因很多，有细菌性的、病毒性的、寄生虫性的，也有饲养管理方面的等等，针对不同的原因，其控制方法各有不同。对由病毒、寄生虫等所引起的哺乳仔猪下痢，应通过消除病因的方法将其控制。对由饲养管理和一般性细菌引起的哺乳仔猪下痢，如能做好下列几点，便能很好地预防和控制。（１）必须饲养管理好母猪，使临产母猪有较好的体况，既不过肥，也不偏瘦。这样，既保证初生仔猪有较壮实的身体，又能使母猪产后食欲正常，泌乳正常，仔猪能吸吮到充足的母乳，生长发育良好，体况和体质较好，抵抗力强，不易受病原微生物侵袭… 相似文献
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母猪乳期添加剂——“乳克痢’是一种混于母猪饲料中，饲喂泌乳母猪，通过母乳间接防治吮乳仔猪下痢病的药物添加剂。1993年9月申请发明专利，1994年10月通过专家鉴定，1995年9月取得扩大区域试验的批文，1996年6月列入“星火计划”，1996年7月获得澳门“国际发明最高金奖”。本文将进一步阐明乳克痢的作用机理与临床效应，以确定其生产、应用、推广价值。1乳克痢的作用机理仔猪下痢病的原因很多，病菌感染可引起细菌性下痢；母猪饲料突变或饲粮配合不当，致使母乳营养成分改变，可引起营养性下痢；母猪乳汁过多过少、过浓过稀，可弓l起泌乳… 相似文献
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兔下痢病严重影响养兔业的发展.引起免下痢的原因主要有病原性和非病原性两类,病原性的主要有大肠杆菌病(粘液性肠炎)沙门氏菌病、泰泽氏病、魏氏梭菌病、轮状病毒感染和球虫病等;非病原性的主要由饲养管理不当等引起的兔下痢. 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献
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乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物.本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制.乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道.文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分(表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖)与肠道受体(C型凝集素受体、Toll样受体和Nod样受体),阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制. 相似文献
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Billinghurst RC Brama PA van Weeren PR Knowlton MS McIlwraith CW 《American journal of veterinary research》2004,65(2):143-150
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether serum concentrations of biomarkers of skeletal metabolism can, in conjunction with radiographic evaluation, indicate severity of osteochondrosis in developing horses. ANIMALS: 43 Dutch Warmblood foals with varying severity of osteochondrosis. PROCEDURE: 24 foals were monitored for 5 months and 19 foals were monitored for 11 months. Monthly radiographs of femoropatellar-femorotibial and tibio-tarsal joints were graded for osteochondral abnormalities. Serial blood samples were assayed for 8 cartilage and bone biomarkers. At the end of the monitoring period, foals were examined for macroscopic osteochondrosis lesions. RESULTS: Temporal relationships were evident between certain serum biomarkers and osteochondrosis severity in foals during their first year. Biomarkers of collagen degradation (collagenase-generated neoepitopes of type-II collagen fragments, type-I and -II collagen fragments [COL2-3/4C(short)], and cross-linked telopeptide fragments of type-I collagen) and bone mineralization (osteocalcin) were positive indicators of osteochondrosis severity at 5 months of age. In foals with lesions at 11 months of age, osteochondrosis severity correlated negatively with COL2-3/4C(short) and osteocalcin and positively with C-propeptide of type-II procollagen (CPII), a collagen synthesis marker. Radiographic grading of osteochondrosis lesions significantly correlated with macroscopic osteochondrosis severity score at both ages and was strongest when combined with osteocalcin at 5 months and CPII at 11 months. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The ability of serum biomarkers to indicate osteochondrosis severity appears to depend on stage of disease and is strengthened with radiography. In older foals with more permanent lesions, osteochondrosis severity is significantly related to biomarker concentrations of decreased bone formation and increased cartilage synthesis. 相似文献