共查询到17条相似文献，搜索用时 274 毫秒
1.
金黄色葡萄球菌是引起人和动物感染及食物中毒的重要病原体之一。为了解四川省山羊金黄色葡萄球菌的健康带菌情况及其耐药性,采集了省内4个养殖场共32只山羊的鼻腔棉拭子样本,进行金黄色葡萄球菌的分离、鉴定及药敏试验。共从11只羊的鼻腔棉拭子样本中分离出金黄色葡萄球菌,检出率为34.4％。对临床分离株进行了苯唑西林、头孢西丁、万古霉素等11种抗菌药物的药敏试验,结果表明,分离株对氨苄西林的耐药率为72.7％,对其它抗菌药物没有耐药性,未发现耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）。本研究结果表明,四川地区山羊的金黄色葡萄球菌的带菌情况较普遍,因此,应该规范屠宰过程的卫生操作,并进行严格监控,减少金黄色葡萄球菌的污染。 相似文献
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《动物医学进展》2015,(8)
采用微量肉汤稀释法对新疆等规模化猪场2013年分离的不同生长期猪源大肠埃希菌进行药敏试验,对2010年和2013年新疆某养殖场不同生长期猪源大肠埃希菌的耐药情况结果应用SPSS软件进行统计学分析。结果显示,2013年不同生长期猪源大肠埃希菌存在不同程度耐药;与2010年相比,2013年该养殖场总体耐药呈上升趋势,不同生长期分离菌对环丙沙星、恩诺沙星、诺氟沙星和氨苄西林抗菌药物耐药率明显升高;哺乳仔猪源菌和妊娠猪源菌对阿莫西林/克拉维酸的耐药率分别高出13.0%和65.4%;保育猪源菌对恩诺沙星的耐药率高出44.0%。多药耐药结果显示,多药耐药率按年份呈快速增长趋势,妊娠猪源菌多药耐药上升明显,由0耐上升为6耐;哺乳猪源菌由5耐上升为7耐,保育猪源菌由5耐上升为6耐。与2010年耐药结果相比,2013年不同生长期猪源大肠埃希菌耐药性除安普霉素外耐药率均呈现上升趋势,提示细菌耐药形势严峻,临床应联合兼或交替使用敏感的抗菌药物。 相似文献
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新疆不同动物源大肠埃希菌耐药性比较 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了比较新疆不同动物源大肠埃希菌对临床常用抗菌药物的耐药情况,从猪场、羊场和牛场分别分离猪源大肠埃希菌454株、羊源大肠埃希菌638株和牛源大肠埃希菌89株,用微量肉汤法对上述细菌进行临床常用β-内酰胺类、氟喹诺酮类、氨基糖苷类和酰胺醇类抗菌药物最小抑菌浓度测定。结果表面,猪源大肠埃希菌对氨苄西林(67.0%)和阿莫西林/克拉维酸(63.7%)耐药率较高,其他药物耐药率在10.4%~41.2%之间;羊源大肠埃希菌对安普霉素(33.9%)和阿莫西林/克拉维酸(21.2%)耐药率较高,其他药物耐药率在3.1%~15.6%之间;牛源大肠埃希菌对氨苄西林(24.4%)和阿莫西林/克拉维酸(8.9%)耐药率较高,其他药物耐药率在1.1%~6.7%之间。多药耐药结果,猪源大肠埃希菌以2耐~5耐为主,羊源大肠埃希菌以0耐~2耐为主,牛源大肠埃希菌以0耐~1耐为主。新疆猪源大肠埃希菌对临床常用抗菌药物耐药情况最严重,羊源菌次之,牛源菌最轻;猪源大肠埃希菌多药耐药现象严重。 相似文献
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为分析鸡肠道大肠杆菌对常用抗菌药物的耐药性,试验采集了34个鸡直肠拭子样本,分离并鉴定大肠杆菌,采用微量稀释法测定分离菌对卡那霉素、氯霉素、氨苄西林、环丙沙星、头孢曲松钠、庆大霉素、磺胺嘧啶和强力霉素8种药物的敏感性。结果显示,分离并鉴定出34株鸡肠道大肠杆菌,其中4株经鉴定为产H2S大肠杆菌。34株菌对卡那霉素、氯霉素、氨苄西林、环丙沙星、头孢曲松钠、庆大霉素、磺胺嘧啶和强力霉素的MIC50分别为>256、256、>256、16、<0.125、256、>512和16 μg/mL,耐药率依次为100.0%、100.0%、100.0%、70.6%、11.8%、94.1%、100.0%和82.3%。34株菌均为多重耐药菌株,最少可对5种药物耐药,最多可对8种药物耐药,其中耐8种药物菌株百分率为2.9%;耐7种药物菌株百分率为58.8%;耐6种药物菌株百分率为32.4%;耐5种药物菌株百分率为5.9%。试验结果表明,34株鸡肠道大肠杆菌对8种常用抗菌药物的耐药谱广、耐药率高,兽医临床应根据试验结果调整用药方案。 相似文献
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《动物医学进展》2021,42(9)
为了解新疆昌吉地区某规模化猪场不同日龄猪粪源粪肠球菌对被检抗菌药物的耐药性和耐药基因携带情况,指导临床针对不同日龄的猪合理用药。采集不同日龄猪肛拭子样品262份进行粪肠球菌分离鉴定,采用琼脂稀释法进行11种抗菌药物最小抑菌浓度的测定,用PCR进行10种耐药基因的检测。共分离鉴定163株粪肠球菌,分离率62.2%(163/262)。不同日龄猪源粪肠球菌耐药严重程度由高到低依次为保育猪源、妊娠猪源、后备猪源、育肥猪源,对红霉素、四环素、利福平和多西环素的耐药率都高达90.0%以上。保育猪的耐药率最高,对氟苯尼考和利奈唑胺的耐药率高于其他猪源粪肠球菌;妊娠猪对恩诺沙星的耐药率高于其他猪源粪肠球菌。保育猪多药耐药在5～9耐分布,妊娠猪以7耐为主,后备猪以6耐为主,育肥猪以5耐为主。cfr与vanA基因未检出,分离株tetM、aac(6')/aph(2")、aph(3')-Ⅲ、ermB耐药基因的携带率均高于98.7%。此外,检出近年来新发现的恶唑烷酮类耐药基因optrA(13.5%)。该猪场不同日龄粪肠球菌呈现多药耐药率高、耐药谱广、耐药基因携带率高的特点,建议加强抗菌药物的规范使用,结合药敏试验结果,针对不同日龄猪只合理使用抗菌药物。 相似文献
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为调查广东省宠物源伪中间型葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus pseudintermedius)的携带和耐药情况,从小动物临床采集皮肤、耳部和鼻腔等部位的样品,分离鉴定伪中间型葡萄球菌,并采用琼脂稀释法和纸片扩散法对伪中间型葡萄球菌进行抗菌药物敏感性检测,采用PCR方法检测mecA基因。结果表明,从898个样品中共分离到144株伪中间型葡萄球菌,检出率为16.0%,皮肤、耳部和鼻腔的伪中间型葡萄球菌检出率分别为20%(64/319)、17.8%(64/359)和7.5%(3/40)。抗菌药物敏感性检测和mecA基因检测结果显示有89株(61.8%)为耐甲氧西林伪中间型葡萄球菌(MRSP)。伪中间型葡萄球菌对氨苄西林、红霉素、阿奇霉素、克林霉素和四环素的耐药率均在80%以上,对利福平和阿米卡星的耐药率低于8%,对万古霉素、利奈唑胺、喹奴普汀/达福普汀和替考拉宁均敏感。大部分(>69%)MRSP对红霉素、克林霉素、泰乐菌素、阿奇霉素、复方新诺明、四环素、环丙沙星和恩诺沙星等抗菌药物表现耐药。本研究结果表明宠物源伪中间型葡萄球菌的耐药情况严重且MRSP的检出率高,应高度重视宠物源细菌耐药问题。 相似文献
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了解胶东地区猪源耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)的临床感染现状及耐药性,为临床合理使用抗生素类药物提供数据依据。利用多重PCR方法,扩增葡萄球菌属16SrRNA基因,金黄色葡萄球菌属nuc基因以及耐药基因mecA;血浆凝固酶试验对MRSA进行鉴定;微量肉汤稀释法对MRSA的耐药表型进行检测;运用SPSS20.0软件对试验数据进行统计分析。结果显示:共分离出508株金黄色葡萄球菌,其中MRSA 122株,占24.02%;甲氧西林敏感金黄色葡萄球菌(MSSA)386株,占75.98%。所有样品均来自健康猪只的鼻腔拭子和体表拭子。MRSA对AM和P的耐药率为100%;对CLI、CEF、TIL、CZ、EM、A/C和SXT的耐药率均在80%以上;对OFL、ENR和SF的耐药率较低,分别为13.11%,5.74%和4.10%。MSSA对EM、AM和P的耐药率均在90%以上;对CLI、CEF、TIL、CZ和SXT的耐药率均在50%以上;对ENR、OFL和A/C的耐药率分别为25.65%,47.15%,41.71%;对SF的耐药率最低为2.33%。MRSA与MSSA未检出耐VAN的菌株。MRSA的多重耐药率为100%,多集中在7耐及以上;MSSA多重耐药率为99.22%,多集中在3~11耐。结果表明,MRSA的检出率较高,MRSA的耐药率及多重耐药率高于MSSA,且均处于较高水平,应给予重视,临床应依据药敏试验结果合理选择抗菌类药物。 相似文献
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临床分离病原菌耐药性监测 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
以头孢硝噻吩纸片对病原菌进行β－内酰胺酶定性测定,应用Ｋｉｒｂｙ－Ｂａｕｅｒ法进行药物敏感性试验,判定药敏结果。对４６５株送检病料分离病原菌,革兰氏阳性占１９％;革兰氏阴性占８１％,以大肠杆菌、沙门氏菌,巴氏杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌最为常见。耐苯唑西林的凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌占５０％,耐苯唑西林的金黄色葡萄球菌占２６％,总产酶率为７１％。葡萄球菌对多粘菌素,头孢氨苄耐药率较低,革兰氏阴性杆菌对多粘菌素,氟喹诺酮类药物耐药率较低。大肠杆菌对氟喹诺酮类抗菌药物呈较高的耐药率,且与其它抗菌药物存在交叉耐药 相似文献
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92株猪腹泻大肠杆菌的耐药性分析 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1
分析92株猪腹泻大肠杆菌的耐药性,为临床合理用药提供理论依据。采集腹泻病猪直肠拭子,分离、鉴定大肠杆菌,采用微量稀释法测定分离菌对17种抗菌药物的敏感性。结果表明,从92份腹泻直肠拭子样品中共分离鉴定出92株大肠杆菌,对17种抗菌药物的耐药率从高到低依次为磺胺甲噁唑（100%）、甲氧苄啶（100%）、卡那霉素（89%）、庆大霉素（80%）、氯霉素（78%）、链霉素（76%）、新霉素（76%）、四环素（73%）、大观霉素（72%）、恩诺沙星（66%）、氨苄西林（50%）、阿米卡星（45%）、氟苯尼考（32%）、安普霉素（27%）、利福平（23%）、头孢唑啉（22%）、头孢噻呋（0%）;所有菌株均为多重耐药菌株,92株菌的耐药谱型为81种,菌株最多对14种药物耐药,最少对3种药物耐药。研究结果表明,92株猪腹泻大肠杆菌耐药谱广,耐药率高。 相似文献
11.
CAI Jian-xing GUO Qing-yong LIU Ying-yu XIA Li-ning XUAN Hui-yong LIN Ya-jun JIANG Ping 《中国畜牧兽医》2017,44(5):1541-1546
In this study, the resistance of swine Staphylococcus isolated in summer and winter was compared. The rectal anal swab samples and nasal swab samples were collected from the same pig in summer and winter. The susceptibility test of 9 kinds of antimicrobial drugs was carried out by using the broth dilution method. The results revealed that the resistance rates of Staphylococcus isolated from the rectum in summer were higher than that of Staphylococcus isolated from the rectum in winter to amikacin, florfenicol, levofloxacin, benzene and clindamycin. Resistance rates of Staphylococcus isolates from nasal cavity in summer were lower than that of Staphylococcus isolates from nasal cavity in winter to amikacin, benzene, gentamicin, levofloxacin, tetracycline, clindamycin and rifampicin. And Staphylococcus in two seasons in 0 to 9 resistant rectal separation resistance were distributed. Multi drug resistant Staphylococcus in two seasons in 1 to 9 resistant rectal separation resistance were distributed. And in the 6 resistance, the resistance rate of Staphylococcus isolated from the nasal in summer was significantly higher than that of the isolated from anal in winter (P< 0.05). And in 8 resistance, the resistance rate of Staphylococcus isolated from the rectum cavity in summer was significantly higher than that of Staphylococcus isolated from the rectum cavity in winter (P< 0.05). Results showed that the resistance rates of Staphylococcus isolated from different sites of the pigs to the tested antimicrobial drugs were different. The drug resistance rate was correlated with seasonal use of the farm. 相似文献
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[目的] 确定内蒙古呼伦贝尔市新巴尔虎右旗家庭牧场犊牛腹泻的原因,并为该牧场犊牛腹泻的治疗提供药物选择方案。[方法] 无菌采集发病犊牛肛拭子进行细菌培养鉴定及体外药物敏感性试验。[结果] 从腹泻犊牛肛拭子样本分离到1株细菌,经培养后菌落形态一致,通过革兰染色鉴定、生理生化鉴定及16S rDNA鉴定确定该菌为雷氏普罗威登斯菌;该菌对氨曲南、头孢他啶、头孢噻肟、头孢吡肟、头孢曲松、四环素、氯霉素、呋喃妥因8种药物表现为耐药;对氨苄西林、庆大霉素2种药物表现为中度敏感;对头孢西丁、链霉素、哌拉西林、阿米卡星、氧氟沙星、诺氟沙星、左氧氟沙星7种药物表现为敏感。[结论] 该养殖场的犊牛腹泻是由雷氏普罗威登斯菌所致,临床治疗过程中可使用链霉素。 相似文献
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为了解河南郑州市常见宠物携带菌株组成以及耐药情况,本试验采集了郑州地区不同宠物医院患病及健康犬、猫共计76个样本的肛拭子、眼拭子、耳拭子。试验通过细菌分离培养、形态学观察、生化试验、16s rRNA基因测序完成细菌鉴定,确定分离菌株种类,采用微量肉汤稀释法测定分离菌株耐药表型。结果共分离得到大肠杆菌50株、肠球菌27株、奇异变形杆菌24株、葡萄球菌46株、绿脓杆菌4株。奇异变形杆菌耐药最为严重,对多西环素、替米考星两种药物耐药率高于90.0%;大肠杆菌对替米考星的耐药率高达94.0%,对阿莫西林耐药率为62.0%,对多西环素、多粘菌素E、庆大霉素、环丙沙星、恩诺沙星、头孢噻呋的耐药率在4.0%~24.0%之间。肠球菌对多西环素、庆大霉素、头孢噻呋三种药物的耐药率在29.6%~40.7%之间;对阿莫西林、恩诺沙星、环丙沙星三种药物的耐药率在7.4%~14.8%之间,对替米考星的耐药率为66.7%。葡萄球菌对替米考星的耐药率为39.1%,对阿莫西林、多西环素、庆大霉素、环丙沙星、恩诺沙星、头孢噻呋的耐药率均低于20.0%。上述试验结果表明:大肠杆菌和葡萄球菌在宠物菌群组成中占比较大;大肠杆菌和奇异变形杆菌的耐药情况较为严重。 相似文献
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Rubin JE Ball KR Chirino-Trejo M 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》2011,52(2):153-157
This study characterized the antimicrobial susceptibility of 221 Staphylococcus aureus isolated from various species, and 60 canine Staphylococcus pseudintermedius isolated from 1986 through 2000 at the Western College of Veterinary Medicine (WCVM). Resistance of S. aureus was most common to penicillin (31%) and tetracycline (14%); resistance of S. pseudintermedius to penicillin was present in 8% and to tetracycline in 34% of isolates. Resistance to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole was only seen among S. pseudintermedius, and there was no resistance to amoxicillin/clavulanate, ampicillin/sulbactam, cephalothin, amikacin, gentamicin, enrofloxacin, chloramphenicol, or rifampin among any isolate. Inducible clindamycin resistance was found in both S. aureus and S. pseudintermedius, highlighting the need for careful interpretation of culture and susceptibility test results. There were significant differences in the minimum inhibitory concentrations of penicillin, ciprofloxacin, enrofloxacin, clindamycin, erythromycin, chloramphenicol, and tetracycline between avian, bovine, equine, and porcine isolates. 相似文献
16.
Background – Meticillin‐resistant staphylococci are significant pathogens in veterinary dermatology, yet longitudinal studies of the impact of routine antimicrobial therapy on emergence or resolution of resistance are lacking. Objectives – To determine the prevalence of meticillin‐resistant staphylococci on skin and carriage sites in dogs with bacterial pyoderma and evaluate the prevalence of meticillin‐resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius (MRSP) colonization after successful treatment of pyoderma. Animals – One hundred and seventy‐three dogs that presented to a dermatology referral service with pyoderma and 41 healthy control dogs. Methods – Skin, nasal and rectal swabs for bacterial culture were collected at the time of referral and after clinical resolution of the pyoderma. Meticillin resistance was confirmed by demonstration of penicillin binding protein 2a antigen. Results – Initially, skin cultures yielded MRSP in 70 (40.5%) dogs, meticillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in three (1.7%) and meticillin‐resistant Staphylococcus schleiferi ssp. coagulans (MRSScoag) in five (2.9%). Samples collected from the nose and rectum (carriage sites) yielded MRSP in 59 (34.1%) dogs, MRSA in 11 (6.4%) and MRSScoag in seven (4.0%). One hundred and two dogs were available for follow‐up cultures after clinical cure. Of 42 dogs initially diagnosed with MRSP pyoderma, MRSP was isolated at follow‐up from skin in 19 (45.2%) and carriage sites in 20 (47.6%). Of 60 dogs that did not have MRSP pyoderma initially, MRSP was isolated post‐treatment from the skin in 17 (28.3%), and MRSP from carriage sites increased from 7.8% (initially) to 26.7% (P = 0.0022). Conclusions and clinical importance – Colonization by MRSP often persists after resolution of MRSP pyoderma. Acquisition of MRSP during treatment appears to be common. 相似文献
17.
Hamed Zamankhan Malayeri Shahram Jamshidi Taghi Zahraei Salehi 《Veterinary research communications》2010,34(5):435-444
Bacterial agents are considered important pathogens causing external otitis in dogs. It is essential to carry out bacterial
culture and antimicrobial susceptibility test in the case of otitis externa, particularly for chronic or recurring cases.
Sterile swab samples were obtained from terminal part of vertical ear canals of 74 dogs with otitis externa for cytology,
bacterial culture and antimicrobial susceptibility test. Cytologic smears were stained using Gram and Giemsa staining methods.
Aerobic bacterial culture performed on blood agar and MacConkey agar. Among total number of 92 isolated bacteria, 68 were
Staphylococcus intermedius. Other isolated bacteria included: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus mirabilis, Escherichia coli, Pasteurella canis, and six other species of coagulase-negative Staphylococcus. Antimicrobial susceptibility test were performed for all isolated bacteria using 14 antibiotics. Based on the results of
this study, all isolated Staphylococcus spp. were sensitive to amikacin, enrofloxacin, and rifampin, and had low resistance to gentamicin, cephalothin and ceftriaxone.
More than half of gram-positive isolates were resistant to penicillin and ampicillin. Generally, all isolated gram-negative
bacteria, were sensitive to amikacin and enrofloxacin, and had low resistance to ceftriaxone and gentamicin. They were highly
resistant to penicillin, eythromycin, and cephalothin. Regarding the results of this study, in cases of uncomplicated otitis
externa, it is possible to select antimicrobial drugs merely based on cytology, but it is recommended to perform bacterial
culture and antimicrobial susceptibility test. However, in complicated or refractory cases, antimicrobials should be selected
based on bacterial culture and antimicrobial susceptibility test. 相似文献