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采用自然降温和人工升温、降低盐度的方法,测定了不同规格半滑舌鳎苗种对温度和盐度的耐受性.结果表明:越冬池底层水温保持在2℃以上,规格8～15 cm鱼种成活率为78.6%,规格22～26 cm鱼种成活率为90%.在每日升高1℃的情况下,水温升至30℃时半滑舌鳎苗种摄食明显减少,32℃时出现死亡;保持32℃水温条件,5 d全部死亡,由此,半滑舌鳎存活温度为2～31℃.在海水盐度每天下降2‰～3‰的情况下,保持盐度在5‰以上,半滑舌鳎苗种可正常摄食、生长,生长速度与对照组无显著性差异,说明半滑舌鳎适宜低盐度养殖. 相似文献
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本文报道了大菱鲆鱼种南移网箱养殖试验结果,并探讨了其网箱养殖前景。在水温12~22℃,盐度26~28,pH值7.9~8.1条件下,平均体重168g的大菱鲆鱼种经3个多月养殖达到商品鱼规格(平均体重556g),大菱鲆鱼种运输成活率98.3%,养殖成活率95.5%。 相似文献
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鱼种秋季强化培育措施鱼种规格大小与体质好坏，直接影响鱼种越冬成活率。生产实践证明，鱼种规格越小、膘体越瘦，其越冬成活率越低。进入秋季，气温、水温逐渐下降，鱼种生长由增加体长为主转入到增加体重为主，大量积蓄营养物质，以备越冬消耗所需。因此，必须抓好鱼种... 相似文献
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运输时间及水温对南美白对虾苗成活率的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在不同的温度(18℃、20℃、22℃、24℃、26℃)和时间(8h、14h、20h、26h、32h)条件下对南美白对虾苗进行运输。试验结果表明：运输时间和运输水温及两者的交互作用对南美白对虾苗成活率均有显著影响。多重比较结果显示运输时间在20h以内,不同时间梯度对南美白对虾苗的运输成活率的影响无显著差异,成活率均在90℃左右,随着运输时间的延长,虾苗成活率明显降低,且不同时间梯度间差异显著;运输用海水的温度控制在22～24℃时,虾苗具有较高的成活率,随着水温的升高或降低,成活率均明显降低,且不同温度梯度间差异显著。在本试验条件下,不同运输时间和运输水温对南美白对虾苗运输后暂养的成活率和生长无显著影响。 相似文献
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为研究中草药复合添加剂“富康163”对水库网箱养殖靬金鳟和虹鳟生长效果的影响,分别设置了两个试验箱和对照箱。试验箱添加2%“富康163”,在水温13℃～20℃条件下,经42d的养殖试验,结果表明,相同含量的“富康163”对不同饲养密度的网箱养殖靬金鳟和虹鳟的增重倍数、日平均增长率、饲料系数和成活率均产生不同程度的影响,其中以放养密度高的虹鳟试验箱增产效果尤为显著。 相似文献
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An analysis of the food of 274 specimens of Tilapia aurea (Steindachner), which had been collected in Lake Kinneret, showed that this species is mainly a zooplankton consumer.A study of the quantitative dynamics of the food components in the course of a year has proved that the species in question feeds more intensely in spring, this being the time when zooplankton forms are more abundant in the water of the lake. Vegetable detritus, mixed with plankton and benthos forms, served as additional and alternative food.The lack of clearly positive degree of food component selectivity, as well as the low values of the intestine repletion index and of the condition coefficient, account for the slowness in growth of Tilapia aurea in Lake Kinneret.The low values of the growth and feeding indices are due, according to the authors, to the pressure brought to bear by the other local fish species, which are competitors for the same food. 相似文献
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Pepietta Spataru 《Aquaculture (Amsterdam, Netherlands)》1978,14(4):327-338
Analysis of the gut content of 329 specimens of T. zillii (Cichlidae) collected from Lake Kinneret, has shown great variation in the sorts of food.A study of seasonal dynamics has proved the prevalence in the food of Chironomida pupae (Diptera) in winter and spring and of zooplankton forms in summer and autumn. The additional food consisted of the various groups of algae, the most frequently found being Cyanophyta (100%) and Pyrrophyta (64.16%). An extremely voraceous species, it consumes — while searching for its preferred food — anything that comes its way in the water: algae, scraps of macrophytes, autochthonous and allochthonous insects, and forms of benthic origin, such as Nematoda, Ostracoda, Porifera and Chironomida (larvae).The satiation index is high (between 4.08 and 5.63), in contradiction to the low values of the coefficient of condition (between 3.05 and 3.51), and with the slow rate of growth in Lake Kinneret. The main food of Tilapia zillii, consists of arthropod species with a chitin content (which is eliminated unchanged) of more than 50% of the total weight, and this may account for the poor exploitation of the trophic base.This species of fish may be considered as being detrimental to others (i.e. commercially important species) because of its successful competition for food, and not, as is often incorrectly assumed, because it is an aggressive consumer of their spawn and fry. 相似文献
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叶尔羌高原鳅胚胎发育与胚后发育观察 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用形态学和生态学方法,对叶尔羌高原鳅[Triplophysa(Hedinichthys)yarkandensis(Day)]胚胎发育和胚后发育阶段全过程进行观察、拍照并测量。结果显示:叶尔羌高原鳅,卵微黏性,略有沉性,受精卵呈卵圆形,卵径为(0.60±0.052)mm,在水温(20.0±1.0)℃下,历时65 h 34 min完成整个胚胎发育分为7个生理阶段过程;胚后发育主要根据卵黄囊、体色、鼓鳔和须的变化分为仔鱼期、稚鱼期、幼鱼期。初孵卵黄囊仔鱼全长(2.0±0.65)mm,出膜后7 d,卵黄囊吸收完毕,完全消失;初孵仔鱼继续培育至16日龄,仔鱼鳃盖后缘鼓鳔明显长出,须清晰可辨,体色加深,心脏红色素明显,体色与成体相似,标志后期仔鱼发育完全进入稚鱼期,此时鱼苗全长(8.0±0.45)mm;培育至30日龄,仔鱼鼓鳔完全,鳃盖张合明显,身体透明特征消失,稚鱼阶段完成发育进入幼鱼期,此时全长达(13.0±0.55)mm,其外部形态和生态习性均与成鱼相似。试验中,卵黄囊长度(LY)和出膜天数(D)的关系式:LY=0.0286D2–0.0636D+3.1196(R2=0.9050);用直线方程拟合卵黄囊长度(LY)和卵黄囊仔鱼全长(LT)的关系式:LY=–1.315LT+5.368(R2=0.8199);拟合卵黄囊仔鱼全长(LT)和出膜后仔稚鱼天数(D)的关系式:LT=–0.0263D2+0.5113D+1.6169(R2=0.9890)。本研究旨在通过了解叶尔羌高原鳅的早期发育特征为该物种的保护和增殖对策提供科学依据,并对其苗种生产提供理论指导。 相似文献
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Moshe Gophen 《Aquaculture (Amsterdam, Netherlands)》1979,16(1):67-71
Daphnia lumholtzi (Sars) was found in Lake Kinneret until the late nineteen-fifties. Lake Kinneret was the northern-most limit of the distribution of this species. It is suggested that fingerlings of grey mullets and Sarotherodon aureus that were introduced into Lake Kinneret caused the extinction of D. lumholtzi. 相似文献
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Substitution effect of sea tangle (ST) (Laminaria japonica) with tunic of sea squirt (SS) (Halocynthia roretzi) in diet on growth and carcass composition of juvenile abalone (Haliotis discus,Reeve 1846) 
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下载免费PDF全文 B. Jang P.Y. Kim H.S. Kim K.W. Lee H.J. Kim D.G. Choi S.H. Cho B. Min K. Kim H. Han 《Aquaculture Nutrition》2018,24(1):586-593
Substitution effect of sea tangle (ST) with tunic of sea squirt (SS) in diet on growth and carcass composition of juvenile abalone was determined. One thousand four hundred and seventy abalones were distributed into 21 containers. Six formulated diets in triplicate were prepared. A 200 g/kg ST was included into the ST0 diet. The 200, 400, 600, 800 and 1000 g/kg of ST were substituted with the same amount of tunic of SS, referred to as the ST200, ST400, ST600, ST800 and ST1000 diets, respectively. Finally, Undaria was prepared to compare effect of the formulated diets on performance of abalone. The experimental diets were fed to abalone for 16 weeks. Weight gain of abalone fed the ST400 diet was higher than that of abalone fed the ST0, ST600, ST800 and ST1000 diets and Undaria. Weight gain of abalone fed the formulated diets was higher than that of abalone fed the Undaria. The chemical composition of the carcass of abalone was affected by dietary substitution of ST with tunic of SS. In conclusion, ST could be completely substituted with tunic of SS without retardation in performance of abalone. Abalone fed the ST400 diet substituting 400 g/kg ST with tunic of SS achieved the best growth. 相似文献
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褐牙鲆(♀)×犬齿牙鲆(♂)杂交F1及其亲本肌肉营养成分分析与比较 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
褐牙鲆(Paralichthys olivaceus)为东亚地区重要的海水养殖鱼类,在中国、日本和韩国海水养殖业中占有重要的地位.目前,褐牙鲆经过连续多代缺乏选择的人工繁育和养殖,造成养殖群体种质发生退化,生长速度和抗逆性下降,极大制约了牙鲆养殖业发展.以选育生长迅速、抗逆性强、饵料转化率高的牙鲆类养殖新品种为目的,作者对褐牙鲆(♀)×犬齿牙鲆(Paralichthys dentatus)(♂)的杂交育种进行了研究.本实验对褐牙鲆(♀)×犬齿牙鲆(♂)杂交F1及其亲本肌肉营养成分进行测定.结果显示,杂交F1含水率显著低于双亲(P＜0.05),粗蛋白含量显著高于双亲(P＜0.05),粗脂肪含量介于二者之间;杂交F1的氨基酸总量、必需氨基酸、非必需氨基酸、半必需氨基酸与鲜味氨基酸总量都显著高于褐牙鲆与犬齿牙鲆(P＜0.05);脂肪酸含量方面,脂肪酸总量、不饱和脂肪酸总量3种鱼由高到低排列顺序为褐牙鲆、犬齿牙鲆、杂交F1,三者饱和脂肪酸总量差异不显著(P＜0.05).对3种鱼肌肉的营养品质进行了评价,杂交F1的必需氨基酸指数EAAI(90.30)明显高于褐牙鲆(77.75)与犬齿牙鲆(79.34),在蛋白质品质上表现出一定杂种优势.上述结果表明,杂交F1的肌肉具有蛋白和氨基酸含量较高、脂肪酸含量较低的特点. 相似文献
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Myxobolus pseudodispar (Gorbunova) is a common parasite of the muscle of roach, Rutilus rutilus L., whereas its actinosporean development occurs in two oligochaete alternate hosts. This paper reports the complete developmental cycle of this parasite in the oligochaete alternate host Tubifex tubifex and the roach. In laboratory experiments, parasite-free T. tubifex specimens were infected by myxospores of M. pseudodispar collected from roach in Lake Balaton. Parasite-free roach fingerlings were infected with floating triactinospores (TAMs) released from oligochaetes on day 69 after challenge. Young plasmodia and spores in roach were first recorded on day 80 post-exposure (p.e.). Myxospores collected from experimentally infected roach initiated a new development in T. tubifex and the resulting TAMs infected roach. No infection of roach resulted from feeding oligochaetes containing mature triactinospores. 相似文献
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In this study, the embryonic development of the eggs in the Mastacembelus mastacembelus (Bank & Solender, 1794) was examined. At the same time, possibilities of artificial breeding through artificial insemination were investigated. Artificial insemination was achieved by mixing the eggs of the mature female and sperm of the mature male samples caught with gill nets (22 × 22) in Ataturk Dam Lake in Turkey. To this end, first in a Petri dish (100 × 20), the testes were cut into small pieces with a lancet and the mixture of sperm–testes‐tissue was obtained. The fertilization rate of the eggs was found to be 80%. The diameter of the eggs ranged from 2.015to 1.147 mm. The perivitelline space formed 0.5 h after insemination. The first cleavage occurred at the animal pool 4 h after insemination. The oil droplets had fused to a single droplet 19 h after insemination. The blastoderm became an embryonic shield 30 h after insemination. The blastoderm covered almost half the egg 40 h after insemination and embryonic body was formed. The blastoderm covered almost the whole egg 50 h after insemination. Some somites were discernible 59 h after insemination. The embryonic body reached two‐third of the circumference of the egg 70 h after insemination. The tail bud began to separate from the yolk 77 h after insemination. A newly hatched larva was observed at 85 h after insemination. 相似文献
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Halil Özçelik Yiğit Taştan Ertugrul Terzi Adem Yavuz Sönmez 《Journal of fish diseases》2020,43(10):1325-1330
This study was designed to prevent fungal disease (Saprolegnia parasitica) that occurs on rainbow trout eggs (Oncorhynchus mykiss) by using wastes of onion (Allium cepa) and garlic (Allium sativum) plants. For this purpose, fertilized rainbow trout eggs were exposed to garlic skin, garlic stem and onion skin aqueous methanolic extracts by bathing in concentrations of 0.4, 0.8, 1.6 and 3.2 g/L, whereas the control group was left untreated. The larvae in all groups were monitored until they become free-swimming larvae, the number of eggs died due to fungus was recorded, and the data obtained from experimental groups and control group were compared. As a result, it was determined that onion skin had no effect on the number of eggs that died due to fungus (p > .05), while garlic skin and garlic stem extracts significantly reduced the number of fungal infestations without affecting the number of live larvae or the embryological development of the eggs (p < .05). In light of these data, we conclude that garlic skin (0.4, 0.8, and 1.6 g/L) and garlic stem (0.8 and 1.6 g/L) aqueous methanolic extracts are effective at preventing Saprolegnia parasitica infestation on rainbow trout eggs and may be used in aquaculture. 相似文献
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中华倒刺（鱼巴）人工繁殖试验 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
中华倒刺鱼巴Barbodes (Spinibarbus) sinensis (Bleeker),地方名青波、青板、乌鳞,以肉质细嫩、肉味鲜美为人们所喜食,具有生长快、个体大、食性广、耐低氧、抗病力强、经济效益高等特点,深受养殖户的青睐.近年来,由于江河野生资源日益枯竭,市价居高不下,一些养殖单位都竞相饲养,但种苗的数量受到限制,仅从江河捕捞的鱼苗根本不能满足成鱼规模养殖所需.开展中华倒刺鱼巴的人工繁殖,对渔业生产的发展具有重要的现实意义. 相似文献