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1.
旨在探究草莓和宝石鲈共生过程中，植物净水情况、鱼类生长情况及应用推广价值。通过集合循环水养殖(RAS)的高效水处理技术和浮筏式水培架等，运用物质平衡原理确立关键参数，构建一套草莓和宝石鲈共生浮筏式系统。为期69 d的养殖试验，结果显示，鱼类生长情况良好，最高养殖密度13.01±1.36 kg/m3，成活率100%；草莓生长情况良好，产量共计428.51±0.02 g，系统平均日耗电量12.49 kW·h。水质结果表明：水质参数平均值为氨氮0.56±0.01 mg/L、亚硝酸盐氮0.175±0.019 mg/L、硝酸盐氮31.13±1.75 mg/L、溶解氧7.38±0.61 mg/L、pH 7.11±0.58。系统运行稳定，产出2种经济产物，为鱼菜共生系统推广提供技术支持。 相似文献
2.
【研究目的】本文旨在研究循环水养殖系统中铜离子浓度对系统净化效能的影响；【方法】通过在循环水养殖系统中利用铜离子发生器添加铜离子，监测水质和斑马鱼健康状况，评价杀菌效果；【结果】铜离子发生器的铜离子增加速度R2=0.9942，稳定性较好。在24 h时，斑马鱼在铜离子浓度达到0.76 mg/L时，出现死亡情况；另外在同一浓度范围内，温度越低，斑马鱼对铜离子的耐受度越高，同一温度下，铜离子浓度越大，斑马鱼死亡速度越快。在安全浓度范围内（Cu2 +为0~0.23 mg/L），(26±2)℃为事宜养殖温度，并且0.14~0.226 mg/L范围内的铜离子浓度能有效地抑制细菌生长。最后本研究利用斑马鱼进行20天的养殖验证试验，随着铜离子浓度增加，硝酸盐、亚硝酸盐、总氨氮的变化趋势较为一致；【结论】铜离子浓度在0.1~0.2 mg/L之间，养殖温度(26±2)℃时，硝酸盐、亚硝酸盐、总氨氮、细菌总数处于平稳状态，有利于斑马鱼生长。 相似文献
3.
为研究封闭循环水养殖条件下水质参数变化对水体和养殖对象肌肉中重金属含量的影响,以初始体重为(57.9±0.87)g的吉富罗非鱼(Oreochromis niloticus)为试验对象,在模拟实际工况的小型循环水系统中养殖60天,通过控制不同水质因子包括碱度、溶解氧和固体总悬浮颗粒物(TSS)水平的高低,观察其最后对水体和鱼体重金属含量的影响。结果显示,碱度对水中Cu、Zn浓度及试验鱼肌肉中Zn含量有显著影响,溶解氧对水中Cu浓度及试验鱼肌肉中Cu、Zn含量有显著影响,而TSS水平高低对水体和鱼肌肉重金属含量均没有显著影响。试验期间,试验鱼可食用部分重金属含量符合国家和行业标准。 相似文献
4.
【研究目的】为比较分析对虾工厂化养殖与池塘养殖环境的差异及探讨简易水处理系统的处理效果;【方法】试验借住常规的水质检测方法,对比两系统水质因子,分析处理系统废水处理前后各水质因子的变化。【结果】工厂化养殖排放废水DO含量的变化范围为7.1 mg/L ~ 12.6 mg/L;池塘养殖排放废水DO含量的变化范围为2.9 mg/L ~ 4.8 mg/L,远低于工厂化养殖。池塘养殖废水TSS含量的变化范围为100.4 mg/L ~ 140.0 mg/L;工厂化养殖废水TSS含量的变化范围为172.6 mg/L ~ 220.4 mg/L。方差分析表明,工厂化养殖废水的TSS含量显著高于池塘养殖 （F=126.393, P=0.000<0.01）;工厂化养殖排放废水的总氮（TN）和总磷（TP）含量显著高于池塘养殖（F=17.009, P=0.001<0.05）。经沉淀池处理后,TSS含量降低了66.9;经栽培有裙带菜的养殖槽,废水中TAN、NO2-N、NO3-N和PO4-P分别降低了58.1.0%、43.0%、55.9% 和29.1%。【结论】来自工厂化养殖的废水含有较多的污染物质,直接排放可能对环境的危害更大;该实验设计的简易水处理系统具有较好的处理效果。 相似文献
5.
为探讨凡纳滨对虾反季节集约化健康养殖技术,本实验在合理投饵、科学管理的基础上投放健康优质虾苗、应用微生态制剂和微管充氧等措施,结合虾池水质理化因子(D.O、透明度、pH、盐度、NH4+-N)和病原生物(弧菌、WSSV、TSV)的实时监测,结果显示,养殖期间水温、透明度、pH、盐度、溶解氧分别保持在19.5~26.7℃,平均(22.94±0.63)℃;23.2~59.1 cm,平均(37.8±12.0)cm;7.7~8.5,平均(8.1±0.0.2) pH酸碱度？、30.0‰~33.5‰,平均(31.72±0.84)‰,4.0~6.0 mg/L,平均(5.13±0.38)mg/L,虾池氨氮控制在0.05~1.30 mg/L,平均(0.59±0.09)mg/L,池水中异养细菌和弧菌分别控制在(5.05~19.23×104) cfu/mL,平均(10.92±3.45×104) cfu/mL,(0.45~3.71×104) cfu/mL,平均(1.14±0.73×104) cfu/mL。养殖期间对虾体长生长(L)与养殖天数(天)的回归方程：l=0.087d+0.1968(r=0.9843) ,体重生长(W)与养殖天数(天)的回归方程：W=0.0001d2.3847(r=0.9948)。28口实验虾池中只有5口的产量低于500 kg/666.67m2,占17.86%,其余虾池对虾产量均达到500 kg/666.67m2以上,其中有39.29%的虾池产量达到500~1000 kg/666.67m2;28.57%的虾池产量1000~1250 kg/666.67m2;10.71%的虾池产量1250~1500 kg/666.67m2;3.57%的虾池产量1500 kg/666.67m2以上,平均产量(769.08±440.22)kg/666.67m2,对虾平均成活率为(67.84±15.23)%,饵料系数(1.27±0.83)。 相似文献
6.
在江汉平原荆州市分别在植物培养箱和自然条件下模拟高密度养殖水体,利用多参数水质监测仪,采用完全开放式对养殖水体溶氧、水温等要素的变化进行自动连续观测,结合养殖水域中溶解氧动态平衡方程分别计算出水-气界面溶氧速率、水呼吸耗氧速率、草鱼呼吸耗氧率及光合作用产氧量;并对低溶氧条件下草鱼生存时间等进行实验监测。结果显示：鱼塘水呼吸耗氧率1.22~1.83 mg/(L·h);在水体溶氧在1.5 mg/L以上时,草鱼的代谢呼吸耗氧率为78.6~210.0 mg/(L·h);在高密度养殖塘内水呼吸是鱼呼吸耗氧4倍以上。阴到多云天气下光合作用产氧量为3.47~4.33 mg/(L·h),大于鱼呼吸与水呼吸量之和,但阴雨天光合作用产氧量不能维持鱼塘良好的溶氧环境。草鱼在0.1~0.4 mg/L低溶氧环境中有浮头出现,但能存活长达到5天时间。分析还表明：缺氧引起浮头,也造成底层H2S、CH4有毒物质增加,雨水进入鱼池形成水上下层对流,水体上部有毒物质浓度升高是泛塘死鱼的主要原因。 相似文献
7.
不同养殖密度下吉富罗非鱼生长性状的通径分析 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1
为研究不同养殖密度下吉富罗非鱼(GIFT)成鱼体长、全长、体高和体宽对体重的影响差别,采用单因素方差分析法研究不同养殖密度下罗非鱼生长性状之间的差别。采用通径分析的方法对各养殖密度下变量的重要性进行排序,对不显著变量进行了剔除。结果发现：除在养殖密度为18000尾/hm2和22500尾/hm2时体长和全长之间差异不显著(P＞0.05)外,其他指标在不同养殖密度间差异均极显著(P＜0.01);3个养殖密度下对体重影响最大的变量分别是体长（18000尾/hm2）、体宽（22500尾/hm2）、全长（27000尾/hm2）,回归方程中,在养殖密度为22500尾/hm2时全长和体高被剔除,在养殖密度分别为18000尾/hm2和27000尾/hm2时体长被剔除。不同养殖密度下同日龄吉富罗非鱼的其他生长指标对体重的影响存在差别,在选育时应充分考虑。 相似文献
8.
浮床栽培鱼腥草对吉富罗非鱼养殖池塘水质的影响 总被引：8，自引：5，他引：3
为研究浮床栽培鱼腥草(0、5%、10%和15%种植面积)对吉富罗非鱼养殖池塘的水质净化作用,测定了NH_4+~-N、NO_3~--N、NO_2~--N、TN、TP、CODMn等主要水质指标。结果表明,在同样的试验条件下,7—8月份鱼腥草处理组NO_3~--N下降,与此同时带来了NH_4~+-N(除5%处理组)和NO_2~--N的上升。9月份浮床栽培鱼腥草对5种水质指标的平均去除率在3%~38%之间。5%鱼腥草种植面积适合进行中试。通过鱼腥草的采收,5%鱼腥草处理组叶、根茎的产量分别可达112.4、1619.2 kg/hm~2,且可从养殖水体带走0.38 g/m~2的总氮,0.06 g/m~2的磷元素;同时收获鱼总重和所测生物学指标(除体重)显著高于对照和其他处理组,且对成活率和饵料系数无多大影响。 相似文献
9.
循环水养鱼系统水质参数关系分析 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
为充实有关工厂化循环水养殖系统水质研究数据,提供实际生产理论依据,研究了在循环水养殖系统中饲养吉富品系尼罗罗非鱼(Oreochromisniloticus)成鱼(190g)16天期间水质参数的变化情况,对实验数据进行主成分分析。水质参数包括氨氮、碱度、溶氧、pH和温度,记录实验期间投喂量,及时收集并去除排泄物。主成分分析表明与第一主成分F1（贡献率42.62%）主要关联的是pH、碱度和投喂量;与F2（贡献率27.8%）主要关联的是溶氧和温度;与F3（贡献率为19.3%）主要关联的是氨氮。此外,pH与碱度、氨氮与投喂量、溶氧和温度之间存在显著关系。 相似文献
10.
雍菜对受灭多威污染养殖水体的净化及对鱼类生长的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
灭多威属高毒农药,其可经地表淋溶等途径污染养殖水体。为了研究雍菜对水体中灭多威及其他水质指标的净化效能以及对罗非鱼生长的影响,以灭多威、罗非鱼、雍菜和室内养殖系统为试材,根据《水和废水监测分析方法》中的方法测得水质指标数据,以液相色谱-质谱联用仪(LC-MS)测得水体中灭多威浓度,以试剂盒测定谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量（DTNB法）、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性（WST-1法）、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性（紫外法）。研究结果表明,罗非鱼的生长速度随着水体中灭多威浓度的上升而降低。受灭多威污染可致罗非鱼肝脏氧化压力增大,SOD、CAT和GSH的活性发生变化。雍菜可通过机体吸收有效降低养殖水体中灭多威的含量,对受灭多威污染水体中TN、NH4 +-N、NO3 --N、NO2 --N等具一定的净化作用,并可减轻罗非鱼肝脏的氧化应激。研究显示,水体种植雍菜可有效减轻灭多威对水体的污染,保证鱼类的生长。 相似文献
11.
Jens Jensen 《Euphytica》1979,28(1):47-56
Summary The high-lysine gene in Risø mutant 1508 conditions an increased lysine content in the endosperm via a changed protein composition, a decreased seed size, and several other characters of the seed. The designation lys3a, lys3b, and lys3c, is proposed for the allelic high-lysine genes in three Risø mutants, nos 1508, 18, and 19. Linkage studies with translocations locate the lys3 locus in the centromere region of chromosome 7. A linkage study involving the loci lys3 and ddt (resistance to DDT) together with the marker loci fs (fragile stem), s (short rachilla hairs), and r (smooth awn) show that the order of the five loci on chromosome 7 from the long to the short chromosome arm is r, s, fs, lys3, ddt. The distance from locus r to locus ddt is about 100 centimorgans. 相似文献
12.
G. H. Kroon 《Euphytica》1994,76(1-2):125-125
Summary
K x vadensis is a hybrid of K. blossfeldiana and K. marmorata obtained after doubling the number of chromosomes. 相似文献
13.
Hongyan WEI Jian ZHOU Jinguang LU Jingzheng SONG Qiongxi YU Zhihong JIANG 《Medicinal Plant》2019,(6):27-29
[Objectives]This study aimed to establish a QAMS(quantitative analysis of multi-components by single-marker)method for simultaneous determination of four phenol... 相似文献
14.
Summary Avoidance of rust fungi that was based on poor appressorium induction was previously found in Hordeum chilense. In the present study 95 accessions of Triticeae were screened for avoidance of Puccinia hordei. The percentage of appressorium formation per germinated spore ranged from 6 to 90%. On none of the 41 accessions of Aegilops, Agropyron, Elymus, Secale, Thinopyrum or Triticum studied was the rate of appressorium formation lower than 25%. Lower rates of appressorium formation were, however, found on accessions of wild barley species Hordeum brachyantherum, H. marinum, H. parodii and H. secalinum. Its implications in cereal breeding are discussed. 相似文献
15.
Mohammed Riyazaddin Polavarapu B. Kavi Kishor Are Ashok Kumar Belum V. S. Reddy Rajendra S. Munghate Hari C. Sharma 《Plant Breeding》2015,134(4):423-436
Sorghum shoot fly, Atherigona soccata, is one of the important pests of postrainy season sorghums. Of the 90 sorghum genotypes evaluated for resistance to this pest, RHRB 12, ICSV 713, 25026, 93046 and 25027, IS 33844‐5, Giddi Maldandi and RVRT 3 exhibited resistance in postrainy season, while ICSB 463, Phule Anuradha, RHRB 19, Parbhani Moti, ICSV 705, PS 35805, IS 5480, 5622, 17726, 18368 and 34722, RVRT 1, ICSR 93031 and Dagidi Solapur showed resistance in rainy season, suggesting season‐specific expression of resistance to A. soccata. ICSB 461, ICSB 463, Phule Yasodha, M 35‐1, ICSV 700, 711, 25010, 25019 and 93089, IS 18662, Phule Vasudha, IS 18551 and 33844‐5 and Barsizoot had fewer deadhearts than plants with eggs across seasons, suggesting antibiosis as one of the resistance mechanism. Five genotypes exhibited resistance with high grain yield across seasons. Correlation, path and stepwise regression analyses indicated that leaf glossiness, seedling vigour, trichome density, oviposition and leaf sheath pigmentation were associated with the expression of resistance/susceptibility to shoot fly, and these can be used as marker traits to select and develop shoot fly‐resistant sorghums. 相似文献
16.
Summary Apple and pear pollen was irradiated with doses of 0, 50, 100, 250 and 500 krad (gamma rays) and stored at 4°C and 0–10% r.h. From the in-vitro germination percentages an average LD 50 dose of about 220 krad was estimated. For both irradiated and untreated pollen a close and corresponding lineair relationship existed between germination percentage and pollen tube growth.Irradiated pollen was much more sensitive to dry storage conditions than untreated pollen, resulting in less germination and more bursting. Apparently, irradiation caused the pollen cell membrane to lose its flexibility faster than normal. Rehydration of dry-stored, irradiated pollen in water-saturated air restored germination percentages up to their initial levels. The importance of this procedure in germination trials is stressed. 相似文献
17.
Summary
Hordeum chilense is a wild barley extensively used in wide crosses in the Triticeae. It could be a valuable source of resistance to Fusarium culmorum and Septoria nodorum. Some H. chilense x Triticum spp. amphiploids, named tritordeums, were more resistant than the parental wheat line to these diseases, others were not. Average contents of ergosterol and deoxynivalenol (DON) suggested that resistance to colonization by Fusarium was the highest for Hordeum chilense, followed by tritordeum and wheat in decreasing order. In particular, the H. chilense genotypes H7 and H17 enhanced the wheat resistance to F. culmorum in its tritordeum offsprings. Resistance to S. nodorum in tritordeum was not associated with tall plant height. There is sufficient genetic variation for resistance to F. culmorum and S. nodorum among tritordeum to allow the breeding of lines combining short straw and resistance to both diseases. 相似文献
18.
J. T. Fletcher 《Euphytica》1992,63(1-2):33-49
Summary Cultivars of tomatoes, cucumbers, lettuce and peppers have been bred for resistance to one or more pathogens. Some tomato and cucumber cultivars have resistance to a wide range of diseases. Resistance has been transient in many cases and a succession of cultivars with new genes or new combinations of resistance genes has been necessary to maintain control. There has been a number of notable exceptions and these have included durable resistance to such pathogens asFulvia fulva and tomato mosaic virus. With lettuce the resistance situation is complicated by the occurrence of fungicide resistant pathotypes. There are no strains ofAgaricus bisporus purposely bred for disease resistance.In protected flower crops only resistance to Fusarium wilt in carnations has been purposely bred but differences in disease resistance are apparent in cultivars of many ornamental crops. This is particularly so in chrysanthemums where there are cultivars with resistance to many of the major pathogens. Similar situations occur with other flower crops and pot plants. Cultivars of some species have not been systematically investigated for resistance.The need for genetic resistance will increase with the further reduction, in the limits on pesticide use and an increasing public awareness and importance of pesticide pollution.ADAS is an executive agency of the Ministry of Agiculture, Fisheries and Food and the Welsh Office. 相似文献
19.
M. Raj Ahuja 《Euphytica》2009,165(1):5-19
The genetic constitution and diversity of four relictual redwoods are discussed in this review. These include monotypic genera
of the family Cupressaceae: coast redwood (Sequoia sempervirens), giant sequoia (Sequoiadendron giganteum), dawn redwood (Metasequoia glyptostroboides), and alerce (Fitzroya cupressoides). All four species are narrow endemics, share a number of common phenotypic traits, including red wood, and are threatened
species. Fossil history suggests that the ancestors of redwoods probably originated during the Cretaceous and Tertiary periods
and flourished thereafter for millions of years. Towards the end of the Tertiary period began their decline and struggle for
existence that continued during the subsequent geologic upheavals and climate changes, until the survival of the present-day
redwoods in the current restricted locations in the world (USA, China, and South America). Although two species, Sequoiadendron and Metasequoia, are diploids (2n = 22), and the other two are polyploids: Fitzroya a tetraploid (2n = 4x = 44), and Sequoia a hexaploid (2n = 6x = 66); they all share the same basic chromosome number x = 11. The genome size in the hexaploid Sequoia is one of the largest (31,500 MB) in the conifers, while the genome sizes of diploid Metasequoia and Sequoiadendron are about one-third (~10,000 MB) of Sequoia. Genetic diversity in the redwoods is lower than most other gymnosperms, except in Sequoia, which seems to rank near the upper quarter of the coniferous forest trees. Genomic research is sparse in the redwoods, and
should be pursued for a better understanding of their genome structure, function, and adaptive genetic diversity. 相似文献
20.
The induction in vitro of adventitious shoots in Rosa 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
Summary Adventitious shoots were formed on excised leaves, roots and callus of Rosa persica x xanthina and on excised leaves of R. laevigata and R. wichuraiana on culture media that included BAP and NAA as growth regulators. Shoots formed freely on freshly cultured callus of R. persica x xanthina but their production declined in successive cultures and ceased after twelve weeks. Transplantation to soil was improved by rooting plantlets in cellulose plugs in vitro and transferring plantlets to soil while still in the plugs. 相似文献