共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 78 毫秒
1.
摘 要：【研究目的】为了了解麻醉剂丁香酚对鱼类养殖的影响，适量麻醉是否可以降低操作带来的应激反应。【方法】通过对罗非鱼进行适量麻醉和无麻醉直接处理后，检测不同时间捕捉处理后罗非鱼血浆中皮质醇和乳酸动态变化，研究鱼用麻醉剂丁香酚对罗非鱼捕捉应激的影响。【结果】结果显示：在10~120 mg/L范围内，随着丁香酚药浴浓度的增加，罗非鱼麻醉时间逐渐缩短，苏醒时间逐渐增长，实验选取的最适麻醉浓度为45 mg/L。捕捉后0、30、60 min三个取样点，丁香酚处理组罗非鱼血浆中皮质醇浓度降低，但各时间点无显著性差异(P>0.05)，直接捕捉处理组皮质醇浓度显著增加(P<0.05)。0 min时处理组皮质醇浓度显著低于对照组，30、60 min时处理组极显著低于对照组(P<0.01)。捕捉后两个处理组0 min血浆中乳酸浓度无显著差异；直接捕捉处理组30 min和60 min血浆中乳酸浓度显著高于0 min(P<0.05)，且显著高于丁香酚处理组0 min、30、60 min三个取样点 (P<0.05)，丁香酚处理组血浆中乳酸浓度差异不大。【结论】结果表明：在理想麻醉剂量下，将罗非鱼使用丁香酚进行麻醉后捕捞、运输等操作，可避免捕捉后鱼体皮质醇和乳酸浓度的激增，有效降低罗非鱼的捕捉应激。 相似文献
2.
探索丁香酚对细鳞裂腹鱼(Schizothorax chongi)幼鱼的麻醉效果,为其生产和分子取样等提供参考。采用静水法研究幼鱼在丁香酚溶液中,不同浓度、不同药浴时间、不同空气中暴露时间下细鳞裂腹鱼幼鱼麻醉与复苏情况。结果表明,丁香酚浓度与麻醉时间呈负相关,浓度与麻醉时间关系式：y1=286.63e-0.0135x,R2=0.9593;幼鱼复苏时间与丁香酚浓度呈正相关,浓度与复苏时间相关式：y2=101.54e0.0134x,R2=0.9913,不同浓度下幼鱼的麻醉时间和复苏时间均呈显著性差异(P<0.05),40 mg/L浓度丁香酚药浴中,幼鱼药浴时间与复苏时间呈正相关,复苏时间与药浴时间关系式：y=64.647x0.2394,R2=0.9823,不同时长下复苏时间呈现显著性差异(P<0.05),40 mg/L浓度下,幼鱼在空气中暴露时长和复苏时间呈负相关,麻醉后的幼鱼在空气中的暴露时间与复苏时间的... 相似文献
3.
为了找到一种可以准确测量活体刺参体长的方法,我们研究了不同浓度及不同药浴时间条件下,硫酸镁、丁香酚和乙二醇苯醚等三种麻醉剂对仿刺参(Apostichopus japonicus)幼参(1.3815±0.2138) g的麻醉效果。试验结果显示：（1）乙二醇苯醚的麻醉效果最差,丁香酚在浓度较小(≤0.3 mol/L)时有一定的麻醉效果。当浓度过大时,二者都会对刺参造成伤害。硫酸镁在浓度为0.3~0.4 mol/L时麻醉效果最好,麻醉时间较快（约30 min）且麻醉率和苏醒率均达100%。（2）在0.3~0.4 mol/L的硫酸镁溶液中药浴1 h左右的刺参,其体长与药浴前的体长变化差异极显著,而药浴1、1.5、2 h的刺参个体间体长变化不显著。以上结果表明：0.3~0.4 mol/L的硫酸镁溶液对刺参的麻醉效果最好,既不影响刺参的正常生长又可准确测量其自然生长状态长度。通过本研究确定硫酸镁是刺参的最佳麻醉剂,用于刺参体长测量的最佳浓度和麻醉时间分别为0.3~0.4 mol/L 和 1 h。 相似文献
4.
为了获得数量多且存活的游离青虾精子,首次采用胰蛋白酶消化日本沼虾精荚的方法,获得了游离日本沼虾的精子。通过观察游离精子形态,并经台盼蓝染色,以每克精荚所获得形态正常、结构完整且不被染色的存活精子数为依据,探究胰蛋白酶处理的最佳条件。在p H 7.1的条件下,设计三因素四水平正交试验,设置不同酶浓度(0.2%、0.4%、0.6%、0.8%)、处理时间(5 min、10 min、15 min、20 min)和处理温度(30℃、35℃、40℃、45℃),根据正交试验结果确定酶处理最佳反应条件。结果表明,酶浓度对获得游离精子影响最大,其次是处理温度和处理时间。酶处理的最适条件为:酶浓度0.8%,处理时间10 min,处理温度40℃。经优化验证试验,表明上述理论组合确为最佳组合。本研究通过酶解法获得较多数量的存活游离精子,为进一步研究日本沼虾精子提供了获得游离精子的方法。 相似文献
5.
亚硝酸盐胁迫下丁酸梭状芽孢杆菌对日本沼虾应激代偿的调节 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
以日本沼虾（Macrobrachium nipponense）为试验材料,研究了在亚硝酸盐的污染胁迫下,饲料中添加一定量的丁酸梭状芽孢杆菌（Clostridium butyricum）对试验沼虾的生长及肌肉组织中超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性的影响。研究结果表明,经21d的试验,添加1%和5%的丁酸梭状芽孢杆菌可显著提高沼虾的生长率、SOD和CAT的活性（P<0.01）,但2个添加组之间的差异不明显（P>0.05）。当养殖水环境中的亚硝酸钠浓度在0~0.50 mg?L-1范围内,试验组沼虾肌肉的SOD和CAT活性随着亚硝酸钠质量浓度和丁酸梭状芽孢杆菌添加量的上升而升高,在试验的第6~9d时达到峰值,随后又开始下降。至试验21d时,沼虾肌肉组织中SOD和CAT活性取决于水环境中亚硝酸钠的质量浓度和饲料中丁酸梭状芽孢杆菌的添加量。研究表明饲料中添加丁酸梭状芽孢杆菌不仅可促进日本沼虾的生长,而且还可以增加日本沼虾对亚硝酸盐污染胁迫的耐受和抵抗能力,其适宜的添加量为106个活菌数/克饲料。 相似文献
6.
日本沼虾对碱性湖泊水含盐量的适应性研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
采用室内急性毒性实验法,研究日本沼虾对东北地区碱性湖泊水含盐量的适应能力,探讨碱性湖泊增殖与养殖日本沼虾的可能性。结果表明,在pH 为7.72~7.81、碱度7.87~14.49 mmol/L时,含盐量对幼虾毒性作用的24 h半数有效浓度为3.17 g/L,95%置信限3.02~3.32 g/L。在pH为 7.85~8.07、碱度16.97~26.96 mmol/L时,含盐量对幼虾毒性作用的24 h、48 h、96 h半数致死浓度分别为7.95、6.84、5.77 g/L,95%置信限分别为7.74~8.11、6.69~6.99、5.59~5.93 g/L。日本沼虾对东北地区碱性湖泊水含盐量的适应上限为3.69 g/L,耐受限8.65 g/L,耐受范围4.25~8.19 g/L,长期生存所适应的含盐量为1.52 g/L。碱性水环境下日本沼虾对含盐量的适应能力将下降。东北地区含盐量在4.0 g/L以下、碱度在10~30 mmol/L的碱性湖泊可以增殖与养殖日本沼虾。 相似文献
7.
8.
9.
日本沼虾SRAP反应体系正交设计及优化 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
对影响SRAP反应的4个因素(Taq酶、dNTP、Mg2+、引物)4个水平进行正交组合,以建立日本沼虾的SRAP分子标记技术。试验分两步进行:第一步筛选出可有效扩增的引物组合;第二步对筛选出的体系进行优化。结果表明,日本沼虾SRAP反应体系适宜引物组合为Me4Em2,最适条件为在25μL的反应体系中,Mg2+、dNTP、Taq酶、引物浓度分别为2.5 mmol/L、0.25 mmol/L、0.64 U/20μL、0.6μmol/L。本研究结果为SRAP分子标记技术在日本沼虾中的应用奠定了基础。 相似文献
10.
为研究墨吉明对虾的弧菌病防控措施,通过人工注射感染的方式,研究不同数量副溶血弧菌及在不同温度、盐度、pH、不同硝酸氮、亚硝酸氮和氨氮浓度条件下副溶血弧菌对墨吉明对虾的致病性的影响。结果表明：当人工感染副溶血弧菌数量为3.92×106 CFU以上时,24 h内对虾累计死亡率100%,副溶血弧菌数量为3.92×105 CFU时,24 h对虾累计死亡率为50%。温度为32℃时,对虾累计死亡率最高,在一定范围内,随着温度的升高对虾累计死亡率升高。在温度为(24±1)℃时,盐度为10‰时对虾的死亡率最高,盐度为30‰次之,盐度为20‰时最低;在温度为(24±1)℃,盐度为(22±1)‰时,对虾累计死亡率pH 9时最高,pH 7时次之,pH 8时最低;温度为(24±1)℃,盐度为(22±1)‰,硝酸氮浓度为30.0 mg/L时,对虾累计死亡率最高,浓度为20.0 mg/L时次之,浓度为10.0 mg/L时最低;亚硝酸氮浓度为10.0 mg/L时死亡率最高,5.0 mg/L时死亡率次之,1.0 mg/L时死亡率最低;氨氮浓度为1.5 mg/L时死亡率最高, 1.0 mg/L时死亡率次之,0.5 mg/L时死亡率最低。实验证实：当副溶血弧菌数量为3.92×105 CFU以上和数量为3.92×104 CFU爆发72 h之后,弧菌病难以控制;在26~32℃范围内,随着温度的升高对虾累计死亡率升高;盐度与pH对墨吉明对虾的致病性可能与噬菌体有关;硝酸氮对感染副溶血弧菌的墨吉明对虾有胁迫作用;一定范围内亚硝酸氮浓度(1.0~10.0 mg/L)、氨氮浓度(0.5~1.5 mg/L)越高,副溶血弧菌对墨吉明对虾的致病性的影响越强,对虾累计死亡率越高。该试验为墨吉明对虾的弧菌病防控提供了坚实的基础。 相似文献
11.
Jens Jensen 《Euphytica》1979,28(1):47-56
Summary The high-lysine gene in Risø mutant 1508 conditions an increased lysine content in the endosperm via a changed protein composition, a decreased seed size, and several other characters of the seed. The designation lys3a, lys3b, and lys3c, is proposed for the allelic high-lysine genes in three Risø mutants, nos 1508, 18, and 19. Linkage studies with translocations locate the lys3 locus in the centromere region of chromosome 7. A linkage study involving the loci lys3 and ddt (resistance to DDT) together with the marker loci fs (fragile stem), s (short rachilla hairs), and r (smooth awn) show that the order of the five loci on chromosome 7 from the long to the short chromosome arm is r, s, fs, lys3, ddt. The distance from locus r to locus ddt is about 100 centimorgans. 相似文献
12.
G. H. Kroon 《Euphytica》1994,76(1-2):125-125
Summary
K x vadensis is a hybrid of K. blossfeldiana and K. marmorata obtained after doubling the number of chromosomes. 相似文献
13.
Hongyan WEI Jian ZHOU Jinguang LU Jingzheng SONG Qiongxi YU Zhihong JIANG 《Medicinal Plant》2019,(6):27-29
[Objectives]This study aimed to establish a QAMS(quantitative analysis of multi-components by single-marker)method for simultaneous determination of four phenol... 相似文献
14.
Summary Avoidance of rust fungi that was based on poor appressorium induction was previously found in Hordeum chilense. In the present study 95 accessions of Triticeae were screened for avoidance of Puccinia hordei. The percentage of appressorium formation per germinated spore ranged from 6 to 90%. On none of the 41 accessions of Aegilops, Agropyron, Elymus, Secale, Thinopyrum or Triticum studied was the rate of appressorium formation lower than 25%. Lower rates of appressorium formation were, however, found on accessions of wild barley species Hordeum brachyantherum, H. marinum, H. parodii and H. secalinum. Its implications in cereal breeding are discussed. 相似文献
15.
Summary Apple and pear pollen was irradiated with doses of 0, 50, 100, 250 and 500 krad (gamma rays) and stored at 4°C and 0–10% r.h. From the in-vitro germination percentages an average LD 50 dose of about 220 krad was estimated. For both irradiated and untreated pollen a close and corresponding lineair relationship existed between germination percentage and pollen tube growth.Irradiated pollen was much more sensitive to dry storage conditions than untreated pollen, resulting in less germination and more bursting. Apparently, irradiation caused the pollen cell membrane to lose its flexibility faster than normal. Rehydration of dry-stored, irradiated pollen in water-saturated air restored germination percentages up to their initial levels. The importance of this procedure in germination trials is stressed. 相似文献
16.
Mohammed Riyazaddin Polavarapu B. Kavi Kishor Are Ashok Kumar Belum V. S. Reddy Rajendra S. Munghate Hari C. Sharma 《Plant Breeding》2015,134(4):423-436
Sorghum shoot fly, Atherigona soccata, is one of the important pests of postrainy season sorghums. Of the 90 sorghum genotypes evaluated for resistance to this pest, RHRB 12, ICSV 713, 25026, 93046 and 25027, IS 33844‐5, Giddi Maldandi and RVRT 3 exhibited resistance in postrainy season, while ICSB 463, Phule Anuradha, RHRB 19, Parbhani Moti, ICSV 705, PS 35805, IS 5480, 5622, 17726, 18368 and 34722, RVRT 1, ICSR 93031 and Dagidi Solapur showed resistance in rainy season, suggesting season‐specific expression of resistance to A. soccata. ICSB 461, ICSB 463, Phule Yasodha, M 35‐1, ICSV 700, 711, 25010, 25019 and 93089, IS 18662, Phule Vasudha, IS 18551 and 33844‐5 and Barsizoot had fewer deadhearts than plants with eggs across seasons, suggesting antibiosis as one of the resistance mechanism. Five genotypes exhibited resistance with high grain yield across seasons. Correlation, path and stepwise regression analyses indicated that leaf glossiness, seedling vigour, trichome density, oviposition and leaf sheath pigmentation were associated with the expression of resistance/susceptibility to shoot fly, and these can be used as marker traits to select and develop shoot fly‐resistant sorghums. 相似文献
17.
Summary
Hordeum chilense is a wild barley extensively used in wide crosses in the Triticeae. It could be a valuable source of resistance to Fusarium culmorum and Septoria nodorum. Some H. chilense x Triticum spp. amphiploids, named tritordeums, were more resistant than the parental wheat line to these diseases, others were not. Average contents of ergosterol and deoxynivalenol (DON) suggested that resistance to colonization by Fusarium was the highest for Hordeum chilense, followed by tritordeum and wheat in decreasing order. In particular, the H. chilense genotypes H7 and H17 enhanced the wheat resistance to F. culmorum in its tritordeum offsprings. Resistance to S. nodorum in tritordeum was not associated with tall plant height. There is sufficient genetic variation for resistance to F. culmorum and S. nodorum among tritordeum to allow the breeding of lines combining short straw and resistance to both diseases. 相似文献
18.
J. T. Fletcher 《Euphytica》1992,63(1-2):33-49
Summary Cultivars of tomatoes, cucumbers, lettuce and peppers have been bred for resistance to one or more pathogens. Some tomato and cucumber cultivars have resistance to a wide range of diseases. Resistance has been transient in many cases and a succession of cultivars with new genes or new combinations of resistance genes has been necessary to maintain control. There has been a number of notable exceptions and these have included durable resistance to such pathogens asFulvia fulva and tomato mosaic virus. With lettuce the resistance situation is complicated by the occurrence of fungicide resistant pathotypes. There are no strains ofAgaricus bisporus purposely bred for disease resistance.In protected flower crops only resistance to Fusarium wilt in carnations has been purposely bred but differences in disease resistance are apparent in cultivars of many ornamental crops. This is particularly so in chrysanthemums where there are cultivars with resistance to many of the major pathogens. Similar situations occur with other flower crops and pot plants. Cultivars of some species have not been systematically investigated for resistance.The need for genetic resistance will increase with the further reduction, in the limits on pesticide use and an increasing public awareness and importance of pesticide pollution.ADAS is an executive agency of the Ministry of Agiculture, Fisheries and Food and the Welsh Office. 相似文献
19.
Relation between wheat-rye crossability and seed set of common wheat after pollination with other species in the Hordeae 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Summary Cultivars of common wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em. Thell.) of high wheat-rye (Secale cereale L.) crossability set more seed with pollen of other related species than did wheats of low wheat-rye crossability. This was found to be true for pollen parents from the genera Triticum, Aegilops, Secale, Agropyron and Elymus. 相似文献
20.
Richard N. Lester 《Euphytica》1989,44(1-2):125-132
Summary An hypothesis is developed that the rapid change from wild plants into domesticated crops principally involves the selection of alleles with non-functional gene products which leads to reduced control of the highly integrated metabolism and morphogenesis previously accumulated by lengthy natural selection. Such disturbance of the genome produces altered physiological and morphological development which, although deleterious in nature, serves mankind better and has been selected. 相似文献