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浮游生物完整性指数在浙江水源地水质评价中的应用 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4
2009年9月和2010年8月依次对浙江省4座大中型水库水源地的浮游生物现状进行了调查,采用浮游生物完整性指数(P-IBI)评价方法对数据进行统计分析。经过对22个备选参数的筛选,构建了以藻类密度、藻类平均体重、藻类生物多样性指数、浮游动物/浮游植物、潜在产毒藻类丰度、不可食藻类密度比为入选参数的浮游生物完整性评价体系;进一步利用该评价体系对4座水库的水生态健康程度进行分级评价。结果表明,4座水库的P-IBI评价分值依次为1.216、5.157、3.304和3.542;P-IBI等级依次为差、优、良、良。评价结果能够较好地反映浙江省水源地的富营养化、藻类水华风险程度等水生态健康状况。 相似文献
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2011年6月调查了渭河流域陕西段4座水库的浮游生物种群结构,并根据浮游生物生物量对4座水库的营养类型进行了划分.结果表明,4座水库浮游植物共计8门、40种(属),细胞密度为12.00×104～ 132.50×104个/L,浮游植物生物量为0.3944～ 2.7670 mg/L;浮游动物分为4大类、26种,种群密度为20 ～2 150个/L,生物量为0.0010 ～1.8520 mg/L,各水库浮游生物种群密度和生物量的大小顺序为西郊水库＞桃曲坡水库＞西骆峪水库＞石头河水库.根据有关营养类型划分标准,4座水库中,西郊水库和桃曲坡水库为中营养水库,石头河水库和西骆峪水库为贫营养水库,并对各水库浮游生物的种群结构与营养类型之间的响应关系以及营养类型的成因进行了讨论和分析. 相似文献
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为探究紫金铜矿事故后棉花滩水库浮游生物群落结构的基本情况,保护水域生态环境,提高水面综合利用效益,恢复生产秩序及水域合理生态结构,根据水库型态设置22采样点,对棉花滩水库浮游生物的密度及生物量进行了监测.结果表明,浮游植物6门、35属、43种,密度为14.16×104～ 131.66×104个/L,平均密度为42.89×104个/L,生物量为0.096 ～7.174 mg/L,平均生物量为1.401 mg/L,浮游植物生物量和密度在空间上呈现从上游至下游逐渐降低的趋势;Shannon-Wiener多样性指数在0.628 ～2.671,Pielou均匀度指数为0.231 ～0.839,根据评价标准判断,大都属轻度污染.浮游动物4门、13种,密度为36 ～ 285个/L,平均密度为个79个/L,生物量为0.154 ～3.110 mg/L,平均生物量为1.421 mg/L;多样性指数为1.300 ～2.441,均匀度指数为0.625～0.982.棉花滩水库浮游植物为硅藻-绿藻型,生物评价其属于中营养型;事故发生水域浮游生物群落结构受到外界的干扰,呈现不稳定状态. 相似文献
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在汉江下游开展浮游生物调查，构建浮游生物完整性指数进行健康评估，为流域环境管理提供科学依据。2020年春秋两季在汉江干流雅口-兴隆河段开展了2次浮游植物与浮游动物调查，并采用基于因子分析的生物完整性指数，对调查河段开展了浮游生物生态完整性评价。研究结果显示：两次调查共检出浮游植物6门95种（属）。春秋两季调查区水体中干流浮游植物的平均密度分别为616×104 个/L和803×104 个/L，平均生物量分别为1.26 mg/L和1.63 mg/L；2次调查共检出浮游动物37属62种，以原生动物和轮虫为主。春秋两季浮游动物平均密度为1036 个/L和1791 个/L，平均生物量分别为0.91 mg/L和1.40 mg/L。调查河段各采样点之间浮游动植物密度相差不大，但是不同季节浮游动植物生物量则存在明显差异。采用因子分析对浮游动植物数据开展分析，筛选了4个公因子（累积解释率65%）。进一步辨析了4个公因子的生态意义，可以看到第一公因子主要反映了浮游生物生物总量，以及浮游动植物比例关系，而其余3个公因子依次反映了浮游植物群落多样性、浮游植物群落丰富度、群落生境流态。在总因子得分表明调查河段秋季生态状况优于春季，并且不同公因子得分从不同的角度反映了调查河段不同季节与位置的水生态状况的差异，进一步结合汉江流域生态特征，表明该方法能够较好地应用于调查河段。 相似文献
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2017年4-5月对易贡藏布江的13个采样点进行了浮游生物调查。浮游植物计4门73种,各点密度变化范围为930-6840 个/L,生物量变化范围为2.124-13.21 xmg/L,易贡湖点密度及生物量最高,夏曲点密度及生物量最低;浮游动物计4门20种(属),各点密度变化范围为12-109.3个/L,生物量变化范围为1.08-12.56 xmg /L,易贡湖点密度及生物量最高,夏曲点密度最低,八盖曲点生物量最低。结果表明：易贡藏布江干流浮游动物的密度随着浮游植物密度的变化而变化,浮游生物密度随着海拔的上升而降低,浮游生物密度与水温和pH具有极显著相关性。 相似文献
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2008年对柴河水库浮游生物群落结构的时空格局及其渔产力进行了研究。包括浮游生物的种类组成、密度、生物量、优势种及其多样性等。结果表明,柴河水库共检出浮游植物135种,组成上以绿藻门和硅藻门为主;浮游植物密度平均为11.58×106个/L,生物量平均为6.25mg/L,以小球藻（Chlorella sp.）、梅尼小环藻（Cyclotella meneghiniana）、钝脆杆藻Fragilaria capucina为优势种;共检出浮游动物42种,种类组成以轮虫和原生动物为主;浮游动物密度平均为358个/L,生物量平均为3.49mg/L,以针簇多肢轮虫（Polyarthra trigla）、螺形龟甲轮虫（Keratella cochlearis）、卜氏晶囊轮虫(Asplanchna brightwelli)为优势种。浮游植物和浮游动物Shannon-Wiener多样性指数年均为4.27和3.15 ,浮游生物垂直分布没有明显的规律。 相似文献
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泾河宁夏段夏季浮游生物群落结构特征 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1
2010年7-8月对泾河宁夏段浮游生物群落组成进行了调查.结果表明,该河段浮游植物种类有6门、81种(属),密度为1.1万～11.6万个/L,平均密度为4.37万个/L.生物量为0.024 ～0.210 mg/L,平均生物量为0.083 mg/L.浮游动物有4门、54种(属),密度为60 ～ 185个/L,平均密度为107.73个/L.生物量为0.02～0.66 mg/L,平均生物量为0.24 mg/L.浮游植物多样性指数表明,该河段水质良好,浮游生物群落结构不稳定,易受外界的干扰. 相似文献
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1998年对云龙湖水库的水生生物进行了监测。共采集到浮游植物6门25属、浮游动物29属、底栖动物16属。浮游植物数量225.3×104个/L,生物量0.772mg/L,春季以硅藻为主,占67.2%,夏季以隐藻为主,占56.8%;浮游动物数量40650.4个/L,生物量3.362mg/L,春季以轮虫为主,占81.6%,夏季以原生动物为主,占67.3%;底栖动物数量683.0个/m2,生物量6.763g/m2,水栖寡毛类占59.1%,水生昆虫占29.3%。云龙湖水库为浮游植物响应型中—富营养型水体。滤食性鱼类鲢、鳙的放养对水库水质具有显著的改善作用。 相似文献
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云龙湖水库浮游生物调查及鲢、鳙鱼产潜力估算 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
2005年6月和10月分2次对云龙湖水库进行了4个样点的浮游生物调查。共采集到的浮游植物分属6门、28属,平均密度为4.925×106个/L,平均生物量为1.620mg/L;浮游动物29属,包括原生动物11属、轮虫10属、枝角类4属、桡足类4属,平均密度为30353.75个/L,平均生物量2.590mg/L。由此估算鲢、鳙鱼产潜力为83639kg;其中,鲢生产潜力为15603kg,鳙生产潜力为68036kg。按起水规格鲢750g、鳙1250g计算,鲢、鳙鱼种理论放养比例约为4∶11。 相似文献
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Association between the interannual variation in the oceanic environment and catch rates of bigeye tuna (Thunnus obesus) in the Atlantic Ocean 
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下载免费PDF全文 The environmental processes associated with variability in the catch rates of bigeye tuna in the Atlantic Ocean are largely unexplored. This study used generalized additive models (GAMs) fitted to Taiwanese longline fishery data from 1990 to 2009 and investigated the association between environmental variables and catch rates to identify the processes influencing bigeye tuna distribution in the Atlantic Ocean. The present findings reveal that the year (temporal factor), latitude and longitude (spatial factors), and major regular longline target species of albacore catches are significant for the standardization of bigeye tuna catch rates in the Atlantic Ocean. The standardized catch rates and distribution of bigeye tuna were found to be related to environmental and climatic variation. The model selection processes showed that the selected GAMs explained 70% of the cumulative deviance in the entire Atlantic Ocean. Regarding environmental factors, the depth of the 20 degree isotherm (D20) substantially contributed to the explained deviance; other important factors were sea surface temperature (SST) and sea surface height deviation (SSHD). The potential fishing grounds were observed with SSTs of 22–28°C, a D20 shallower than 150 m and negative SSHDs in the Atlantic Ocean. The higher predicted catch rates were increased in the positive northern tropical Atlantic and negative North Atlantic Oscillation events with a higher SST and shallow D20, suggesting that climatic oscillations affect the population abundance and distribution of bigeye tuna. 相似文献
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Liping Li Rui Wang Wanwen Liang Xi Gan Ting Huang Yan Huang Jian Li Yunliang Shi Honglin Luo Ming Chen 《广西水产科技》2014,(1)
Previously, we reported 10 PEGE types of 85 tilapia Streptococcus agalactiae(GBS), which shifted from Streptococcus iniae in China, by using PEGE method. Presently, larger and more representative tilapia GBS were isolated, for the ?rst time in China, to characterize their serotypes and genetic diversities more precisely than had done before. 168 GBS strains were distributed in ?ve provinces of China, in which Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan were the major ones, holding36.9%(62/168), 37.5%(63/168) and 19.6%(33/168), respectively. Serotypes, Ia, Ib and III, were observed in these strains and the most predominant one was Ia(95.2%), which mainly distributed in Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan. Ia initially occurred in 2009, it shoot up to 32.1% in 2010,but decreased to 16.1% in 2011 before went up to 45.2% in 2012. Ib sporadically occurred during2007–2011, III onlyoccurred in 2012. 14 different PFGE types, including 4 new types(N, O,P and Q), were observed, in which B, D, F and G were the predominant types, holding 83.9%(141/168) of the total GBS strains. Ia corresponded to 11 PFGE types(A–H, N–P), in which type D predominated(51%). Ib represented 3 genotypes(I, J and Q) and III harbored only 2genotypes(N and F). Type N and Fsynchronously presented in Ia and III. In summary, the genetic diversity of tilapia GBS varied by serotypes and changed with geographical locations and years.Although Iastillpredominated, new rareserotypeIII alreadyoccurred in China. 相似文献
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In this experiment, a feeding trial was performed to determine the effects of fructooligosaccharide (FOS) on growth performance, digestive enzyme activity and immune response of Japanese sea bass, Lateolabrax japonicus juveniles (initial weight 38.3 ± 0.5 g), and the fish were examined following feeding with six levels of FOS (0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4 and 6 g/kg) for 28 days. Significant enhancement of weight gain (WG) and specific growth rate (SGR) was found in fish fed 1 g/kg FOS incorporated diets (p < .05), while the feed conversion ratio (FCR) in the 1, 2 g/kg FOS groups reduced significantly compared with the control (p < .05). Besides, the crude lipid in the 4, 6 g/kg FOS groups increased significantly compared with the control (p < .05). On the other hand, the erepsin and lipase activities significantly elevated in intestine of fish fed 2 g/kg FOS (p < .05) and the lysozyme activity in serum of fish fed 2 g/kg FOS were significantly higher than that in the control (p < .05). Moreover, the alkaline phosphatase activities in serum of fish fed 0.5, 1, 2 g/kg FOS were significantly higher than in control (p < .05). Regression analysis showed that the relationships between dietary FOS levels and either SGR, FCR, erepsin or lysozyme activities were best expressed by regression equations, and the optimal inclusion levels are 1.37, 1.80, 3.06, 3.11, 1.93 and 1.80 g/kg for SGR, FCR, erepsin, lipase, lysozyme and total superoxide dismutase activities, respectively. Overall, this study revealed that FOS incorporated diets could beneficial for L. japonicus culture in terms of increasing the growth, digestion and immune activities. Under the present experimental condition, the optimal supplementary level of FOS in the diet of L. japonicus is 1–3 g/kg. 相似文献
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Iciar Martinez Amaya Velasco Ricardo Pérez-Martín Eskil Forås Michiaki Yamashita Carmen G. Sotelo 《Journal Of Aquatic Food Product Technology》2013,22(4):289-297
The purpose of this work was to evaluate the suitability of a method based on the presence of two restriction sites (for Hae III and Hindf I) in the mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase subunit 5 (mt ND5) gene to identify Scomber species. The evaluation was performed on 144 reference and market samples by sequencing of the entire 505-bp fragment of the mt ND5 gene and of a 464-bp fragment of the Kocher fragment of the cytochrome b gene (mt Cytb). Sequence analysis of any of the two fragments allows the identification of each of the four Scomber species, but S. japonicus and S. colias had the same restriction sites at the ND5 amplicon and would not have been differentiated by this analysis. Similarly, loss of the Hae III site in some S. scombrus individuals would have misidentified them as not being Scomber. All the market products were correctly labeled except one acquired in Spain labeled as originating in the Atlantic and containing S. japonicus. 相似文献
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Growth hormone (GH) and reproduction: a review 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
Florence Le Gac Odile Blaise Alex Fostier Pierre-Yves Le Bail Maurice Loir Brigitte Mourot Claudine Weil 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》1993,11(1-6):219-232
Interaction between growth and reproduction occurs in many vertebrates and is particularly obvious at certain stages of the life cycle in fish. Endocrine interactions between the gonadotropic axis and the somatotropic axis are described, the potential role of GH being emphasised. A comparative analysis of these phenomena in mammals, amphibians and fish, suggests a specific role of GH in the physiology of puberty, gametogenesis and fertility. It also shows the original contribution made by studies on the fish model in this field of investigations. 相似文献
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Two gonadotropins (GtH; Qa and Qb) were purified by gel filtration and ion exchange chromatography from the pituitaries of Indian walking catfish (Clarias batrachus). The presence of GtH during purification was assessed by in vitro oocyte maturation and in vivo steroidogenic activity, and their identities were determined by elution profiles, molecular weight, biological activities and yield. The molecular weights of Qa and Qb were 37 and 42 kDa, respectively, and composed of distinct subunits (Qa: 20 and 14 kDa and Qb: 26 and 18 kDa). Polyclonal antibodies raised against Qa immunostained Qa, Qb and pituitary GtH cells. A competitive Qa‐ELISA was developed whose sensitivity was 6.25 ng mL?1 (1.25 ng well?1) with intra‐ (3.5%) and inter‐ (12.4%) assay coefficients of variation. Displacement curves parallel to the standard were obtained with plasma and pituitary extracts of catfish, Qb and carp GtHII. The assay was validated by measuring the plasma Qa levels after LHRH treatment and in relation to ovarian growth in the female catfish during different reproductive phases. Based on the results, Qa and Qb corresponded to fish LH and FSH respectively. The findings will increase the knowledge of the mechanisms controlling fish reproduction and identification of sensitive phases in fish in captivity for hormonal manipulation. 相似文献
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Controlled infection of Poecilia reticulata Peters (guppy) with Tetrahymena by immersion and intraperitoneal injection 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 G Sharon M Pimenta‐Leibowitz M C L Vilchis N Isakov D Zilberg 《Journal of fish diseases》2015,38(1):67-74
Tetrahymena is a protozoan parasite, which infects guppy, Poecilia reticulata Peters, and causes substantial economical losses in commercial farms worldwide. Studies of guppy infected by Tetrahymena require standardized infection protocols. The LD50 for Tetrahymena infection of guppies by intraperitoneal (IP) injection was calibrated, and the level obtained was 946 parasites per fish. Guppy infection with Tetrahymena by immersion, imitating the natural route of infection via the integument, was studied under normal or stress conditions. Exposure to cold and netting (CNI) and to cold only (CI) followed by immersion exposure to 10 000 Tetrahymena per mL resulted in 22.5% and 19.2% mortality, respectively, as compared to 14.2% and 10% in groups that were netted only (NI) or non‐stressed (I). Histopathology revealed that immersion infection resulted in a systemic infection. Lysozyme levels, measured 3 weeks after infection, were significantly higher in the CNI group (288 μg per mg protein) compared with CI‐, NI‐ and I‐treated groups (94.5, 64 and 62.3 μg mg?1, respectively). There was no evident parasite immobilization activity in body homogenates, suggesting no development of acquired immunity. Re‐infection by IP injection revealed no increase in protection in any of the treatment groups, mortality range of 56.3–75%, higher than in the non‐exposed control (40.6% mortality). 相似文献
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