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为研究大菱鲆高温胁迫下相关应激基因的表达影响,采用Real-time PCR对本课题组已定位到的大菱鲆高温胁迫应答主效QTL中的4个候选基因(p53、UBE2H、ZNF469和MAGI2基因)在不同温度胁迫下的肝脏、鳃、脾脏、皮肤4个组织中的表达量进行检测。以大菱鲆正常生活水温14°C为对照组,20°C、23°C、25°C和28°C为实验组,进行数据分析。结果显示,4个基因在各个组织中均有表达,且表达量具有组织和温度特异性。其中UBE2H的表达量在4个组织中均呈现出先上升后下降的趋势,在肝脏、脾脏、皮肤组织中20°C时急剧上升并达到峰值且差异显著;在鳃组织中23°C时达峰值,差异显著。p53在4个组织中的表达量均有先上升后下降的趋势,但在鳃和皮肤组织中28°C时表达量急剧升高达到峰值且差异显著。ZNF469和MAGI2在4个组织中均在20°C时大量表达,并远高于其他温度。研究表明,在大菱鲆高温胁迫应答过程中p53基因与DNA修复和细胞凋亡密切相关,而UBE2H基因参与的泛素-蛋白酶体途径对p53基因具有反馈调节作用,是维持细胞稳态的关键基因;ZNF469和MAGI2在作为鱼类应答高温胁迫的生物标志物方面具有重要研究价值。 相似文献
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红鳍东方鲀(Takifugu rubripes)为暖温性、广温性鱼类,低温的冬季海水会对其生存造成很大影响,因此,选育具有抗寒性状的品系对其产业发展具有重要意义。本研究在利用QTL (quantitative trait locus)定位分析筛选出6个与红鳍东方鲀耐低温相关的候选基因(tacc2、fsip1、exoc4、arhgap44a、pde10a和unc5b)的基础上,通过Real-time PCR检测这6个基因在低温胁迫下在肝脏、心脏和肾脏中表达量的变化。实验用鱼为课题组建立的同一家系的8月龄鱼,共设置3个温度梯度(8 ℃、13 ℃和18 ℃),8 ℃和13 ℃为低温组,18 ℃为对照组。结果显示,6个基因在不同温度下的3个组织中均有不同程度的表达。其中,pde10a基因在3个组织中的表达均呈先升高后下降的趋势;tacc2和exoc4基因在8 ℃组肝脏、肾脏以及心脏中的表达分别呈先下降再趋于稳定、先升高再趋于稳定和先上升后下降的趋势;unc5b基因在肝脏和心脏中的表达量较低,在低温组实验前期的肾脏中呈现高表达;arhgap44a基因在肝脏中的表达呈上升趋势,在心脏和肾脏中整体表达无明显变化;fsip1基因在肝脏中的表达呈下降趋势,在心脏和肾脏中的表达呈先上升后下降的趋势。这6个基因在红鳍东方鲀组织中均随着时间和温度变化具有差异性表达,在低温胁迫下呈现积极响应,表明这6个QTL候选基因在红鳍东方鲀低温适应中具有潜在的重要作用。本研究可为红鳍东方鲀耐低温相关信号通路研究以及耐低温品种选育提供理论依据。 相似文献
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为探究Tyrosinase(Tyr)基因在黄河鲤体色形成中的作用,利用生物显微镜对黄河鲤黑色鳞片、银色鳞片、鳍条色素细胞的组成进行观察,并利用RACE克隆黄河鲤Tyr基因全长cDNA序列,荧光定量PCR分析其在不同组织中的表达情况,Western blot印迹和免疫组织化学方法检测其蛋白的表达定位。结果显示,黄河鲤具有黑色素细胞、黄色素细胞和虹彩细胞3种色素细胞,3种色素细胞的数量、种类和分布在不同组织中存在较大差异。黄河鲤Tyr基因cDNA全长1717 bp(GenBank ID:No.KY305667),其中ORF长1605 bp,编码535个氨基酸,5′-UTR区41 bp,3′-UTR区71 bp。蛋白同源分析发现,黄河鲤Tyr与鲤科鱼类相似性最高,与哺乳类及鸟类等脊椎动物相似性最低。系统进化分析显示,黄河鲤Tyr与鲤、瓯江彩鲤、锦鲤和斑马鱼等鲤科鱼类的亲缘关系最近。实时定量PCR分析表明,Tyr基因在黄河鲤不同组织中均有表达,肌肉中的表达量最高,其次是黑色皮肤,另外在黄色皮肤、臀鳍和尾鳍等黑色素细胞存在的组织中也有较高表达。Western blot印迹结果显示,Tyr基因在黑色皮肤中表达最高,其次是臀鳍和尾鳍,银色皮肤中没有表达。免疫组织化学结果显示,Tyr基因在黑色皮肤的黑色素细胞和黏液细胞中有表达。研究表明,Tyr基因表达水平与黑色素细胞数量和分布具有一定相关性,参与黄河鲤体色的形成。 相似文献
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为了研究不同鱼类胰α-淀粉酶基因5'端调控序列转录因子差异与鱼类食性分化之间的关系。通过PCR克隆测序和查询NCBI数据库,获得32种鱼类胰α淀粉酶基因5'端824 bp序列,并对鱼类胰α淀粉酶基因5'端序列进行转录因子和系统发育分析。按不同的营养类型将鱼类分为杂食性、植食性和肉食性,通过百分比相似性分析不同食性鱼类的胰α淀粉酶基因转录因子的组成差异以及转录因子与鱼类食性的关系。结果显示:不同食性鱼类的胰α-淀粉酶基因5'端序列存在转录因子种类差异,植食性-肉食性鱼类差异主要体现在E47、C/EBPalpha、NF-Y和Pax-2,植食性-杂食性差异主要体现在deltaEF1、MyoD、NF-Y、AREB6和Pax-2,杂食性-肉食性差异主要体现在GATA-1、SRY、MyoD、HFH-8、AREB6、Pax-2、STAT5A和AP-1。系统发育结果与传统形态分类学大体相符,相同食性的鱼类并没有聚为一类。鱼类胰α-淀粉酶基因5'端调控序列中与食性分化相关的转录因子有E47、C/EBPalpha、NF-Y、Pax-2、deltaEF1、MyoD、AREB6、GATA-1、SRY、HFH-8、STAT5A和AP-1;胰α-淀粉酶基因5'端序列的转录因子与鱼类食性分化具有一定的关系。 相似文献
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主要组织相容性复合体（MHC,Major histoeompatibility complex）是最具多态性的免疫分子。其多态性主要取决于群体内MHC基因的大量等位基因及等位基因间高度的序列变异。等位基因的序列变异主要发生在抗原肽结合区（peptide binding region,PBR）,这决定了不同基因型个体的免疫力差异。鱼类受多倍化影响,MHC基因的多态性还表现在同一基因存在多个基因座位（多拷贝）。MHC的高度多态性及与机体免疫力的相关性,使其在鱼类遗传进化、抗病育种等方面倍受关注。本文介绍了有关鱼类MHC基因的结构、功能及其在遗传育种中的应用。 相似文献
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甘露糖受体C1型基因(mannose receptor C-type 1, MRC1)是C型凝集素超家族的成员之一,其编码的甘露糖受体是一种模式识别受体,在先天免疫反应中发挥关键作用。MRC1基因在哺乳动物免疫反应中的作用被广泛研究,但在鱼类中的研究较少。近年来,随着高密度集约化养殖模式的发展,由病原微生物引发的疾病频繁暴发,其中,嗜水气单胞菌(Aeromonas hydrophila)是常见的致病菌之一。本研究首次在鲤(Cyprinus carpio)全基因组范围鉴定MRC1基因,共发现11个基因拷贝,并进行了功能域预测、共线性分析、多序列比对和系统进化分析,结果表明,MRC1基因在物种进化过程中保守程度较高。拷贝数比较分析发现,MRC1基因在不同物种中表现出不同程度的多拷贝现象,在多数鱼类中发现2个拷贝,而在鲤中发现多达11个拷贝。同时,比较了各拷贝在健康鲤脑、肌肉、肝脏和脾脏组织中的表达情况,发现在免疫相关组织脾脏中的表达量相对高于其他组织。进一步对感染嗜水气单胞菌4、12、24 h后在鲤脾脏中的表达进行差异比较分析,发现不同拷贝的表达特征各有差异,其中,HHLG13g0734在... 相似文献
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应用PCR和Genome Walking技术克隆获得长度为168 bp的草鱼（ Ctenopharyngodon idellus）α-淀粉酶基因外显子Ⅰ序列和2063 bp的5＇侧翼序列。将草鱼α-淀粉酶基因外显子Ⅰ序列与已知几种鱼类α-淀粉酶基因外显子Ⅰ序列比对,相似度为68%~86%。将草鱼α-淀粉酶基因5＇侧翼序列进行生物信息学分析,确定了其转录起始区域及转录起始位点（ TSS）;在TSS上游30 bp处有1个TATA-box,-58 bp处有CCAAT-box;在5＇侧翼序列中还发现有GATA-1、OCT-1、GR、HNF-3、AP1和SP1等转录因子结合位点。草鱼α-淀粉酶基因5＇侧翼序列的克隆,为进一步研究不同食性鱼类α-淀粉酶基因侧翼序列的差异、鱼类α-淀粉酶基因的表达、功能及调控机理奠定基础。 相似文献
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为了解色素控制基因与体色分布的关系,实验用分子克隆技术得到了锦鲤酪氨酸酶(tyrosinase, Tyr) cDNA 基因序列, 并利用半定量PCR的方法分析了酪氨酸酶基因在锦鲤不同品系和组织中的表达差异。实验得到了长约1 779 bp锦鲤酪氨酸酶cDNA基因, 其包括长1 608 bp开放阅读框, 编码535个氨基酸。cDNA、蛋白水平序列分析和系统发育分析都表明酪氨酸酶在鱼类间的保守性要高于鱼类与其他脊椎动物间的保守性。半定量分析研究显示,酪氨酸酶基因在皮肤、肝、心、脑和眼中都有表达, 其中眼部和黑色皮肤表达最高, 其次是脑, 红色和黄色皮肤, 肝和心的表达最低。不同品系同组织间眼、肝、心、脑的酪氨酸酶基因表达差异不显著, 但是在皮肤中有差异表达, 黑色皮肤表达最高, 其次是红色和黄色皮肤, 在白色皮肤中也有少量表达。酪氨酸酶基因在非黑色组织中有较高表达可能与存在多种形式酪氨酸酶有关, 也有可能非黑色素细胞能转化为黑色素细胞。 相似文献
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热休克蛋白70(Heat Shock Protein 70,HSP70)与生物体抗逆抗胁迫能力密切相关,其在生物体内发挥着十分重要的作用。本研究以杂交黄颡鱼(黄颡鱼Pelteobagrus fulvidraco♀×瓦氏黄颡鱼P.vachelli♂)为对象,得到735 bp的hsp70 cDNA核心序列,并进行了生物信息学分析;运用实时荧光定量PCR方法检测hsp70基因mRNA在不同组织中的相对表达量。结果显示,hsp70基因在肝脏、鳃、脑、肌肉4个组织中均有表达,其中,正常条件下,在肝脏的表达量显著高于在脑、鳃和肌肉的表达量(P<0.05);在20℃(常温组)、25℃、28℃和31℃4个温度条件下,杂交黄颡鱼hsp70基因在肝脏、鳃、脑和肌肉组织中的表达量总体上随温度升高呈上升趋势,其中,28℃和31℃下,hsp70基因在鳃中的表达量显著高于其他组织(P<0.05),表明鳃为杂交黄颡鱼温度应激的敏感组织,可能是作为呼吸代谢重要器官的鳃在温度急剧变化情况下的一种机体保护策略。 相似文献
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热休克蛋白(heat shock proteins, HSPs)在鱼类的应激与免疫反应中发挥重要的生理调控作用,HSP70是该家族的重要成员。为探讨热休克蛋白在大洋性经济鱼类黄条鰤 (Seriola aureovittata)生长发育中的生理作用,本研究克隆获得了黄条鰤hsp70基因的全长cDNA序列,并采用定量PCR技术测定了其组织分布及在早期生长发育过程中的表达特征。结果显示,黄条鰤 hsp70基因的cDNA序列全长为2 332 bp,其中,5′-UTR长度为187 bp,ORF长度为1 920 bp,3′-UTR长度为225 bp,编码639个氨基酸,蛋白质分子量为70.1 kDa,等电点为5.16。黄条鰤 hsp70 mRNA的组织表达具有性别二态性差异,其中,在雌性鳃、心、脾脏和卵巢组织中显著高表达(P<0.05),且以卵巢中表达量最高;雄性垂体、鳃、头肾和精巢组织显著高表达(P<0.05),且以鳃中表达量最高。胚胎发育过程的表达检测显示,在卵裂前的受精卵中可检测到hsp70的表达,表明其具有亲本遗传的特性。同时,在胚胎发育过程的各个时期都可检测到hsp70 mRNA的表达,且在低囊胚期之前的各发育阶段一直保持较低表达水平,在原肠前期开始显著上调表达(P<0.05),其后保持相对较高表达水平,至胚胎孵化出膜期达峰值。在仔稚幼鱼中,hsp70 mRNA在初孵仔鱼和1 d仔鱼中高表达,其后在4 d仔鱼中显著降低(P<0.05),其后显著上调表达,至15 d仔鱼达峰值,其后在20 d仔鱼显著下降,并在25 d后稚鱼和幼鱼中保持相对较低表达水平。研究结果可为深入认识黄条鰤hsp70基因的结构特征、发生发育及其早期生长发育阶段的表达调控功能提供依据。 相似文献
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Stress hormones and the cellular stress response in salmonids 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
P.A. Ackerman R.B. Forsyth C.F. Mazur G.K. Iwama 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2000,23(4):327-336
The relationship between stress protein (SP) levels and the hormonal stress response in salmonids was examined through the measurement of gill SP70 and SP30 levels together with plasma cortisol, glucose and ion concentrations, in response to handling stress (45 s holding in a net), intraperitoneal cortisol implants, and heat shock (+10 °C). Handling and cortisol implants resulted in increased plasma cortisol and glucose levels. Heat shock following handling reduced plasma [Na+] below that observed in response to the handling stress alone, and heat shock following cortisol implant significantly lowered both plasma [Cl–] and [Na+] below that of fish receiving the cortisol implant alone. Increased SP70 levels occurred 1 h following the 2 h +10 °C heat shock. Handling the fish prior to the application of heat shock suppressed the increase of SP70 levels in the gills. However, increased plasma cortisol concentrations alone did not attenuate gill tissue SP70 increase caused by heat shock. Physiological (10–7 M) and pharmacological (10–5 M) concentrations of adrenaline caused increased levels of SP70 in hepatocytes. Addition of the -blocker propanolol blocked this response to adrenaline. The results indicate that handling procedures do not result in an increase of hsp30 or hsp70 and may suppress hsp synthesis under certain circumstances. 相似文献
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Arabinda Mahanty Sasmita Mohanty Bimal P. Mohanty 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2017,43(4):1131-1141
Heat stress is one of the major environmental concerns in global warming regime and rising temperature has resulted in mass mortalities of animals including fishes. Therefore, strategies for high temperature stress tolerance and ameliorating the effects of heat stress are being looked for. In an earlier study, we reported that Nrf-2 (nuclear factor E2-related factor 2) mediated upregulation of antioxidative enzymes and heat shock proteins (Hsps) provide survivability to fish under heat stress. In this study, we have evaluated the ameliorative potential of dietary curcumin, a potential Nrf-2 inducer in heat stressed cyprinid Puntius sophore. Fishes were fed with diet supplemented with 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5% curcumin at the rate 2% of body weight daily in three separate groups (n = 40 in each group) for 60 days. Fishes fed with basal diet (without curcumin) served as the control (n = 40). Critical thermal maxima (CTmax) was determined for all the groups (n = 10, in duplicates) after the feeding trial. Significant increase in the CTmax was observed in the group fed with 1.5% curcumin- supplemented fishes whereas it remained similar in groups fed with 0.5%, and 1% curcumin-supplemented diet, as compared to control. To understand the molecular mechanism of elevated thermotolerance in the 1.5% curcumin supplemented group, fishes were given a sub-lethal heat shock treatment (36 °C) for 6 h and expression analysis of nrf-2, keap-1, sod, catalase, gpx, and hsp27, hsp60, hsp70, hsp90, and hsp110 was carried out using RT-PCR. In the gill, expression of nrf-2, sod, catalase, gpx, and hsp60, hsp70, hsp90, and hsp110 was found to be elevated in the 1.5% curcumin-fed heat-shocked group compared to control and the basal diet-fed, heat-shocked fishes. Similarly, in the liver, upregulation in expression of nrf-2, sod, catalase, and hsp70 and hsp110 was observed in 1.5% curcumin supplemented and heat shocked group. Thus, this study showed that supplementation of curcumin augments tolerance to high temperature stress in P. sophore that could be attributed to nrf-2-induced upregulation of antioxidative enzymes sod, catalase, gpx, and the hsps. 相似文献
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A fibroblast cell line (BSF) derived from a caudal fin explant of black sea bream (Mylio macrocephalus) was developed. The optimum fetal bovine serum (FBS) concentration for fibroblast cell line growth was found to be 15–20% v/v FBS and the optimum temperature range for growth was found to be 26–30 °C. The fibroblast cells displayed a diverse distribution in chromosome number with two modal chromosome numbers of 48 and 54. Upon acute heat shock (+8 °C) the cells displayed a 4.1 fold increase in hsp70 and this elevation was not prolonged as hsp70 returned to near basal levels following a 6 h recovery period. The effect of the hsp70 inducer L-azetidine- 2-carboxylic acid was tested and it was found that at a concentration of 10 mM this inducer caused a 2.3 fold increase in hsp70 levels. The sensitivity of the fibroblast cell line to heavy metal exposure was tested by treatment with Cu2+ and it was found that hsp70 was significantly elevated in the presence of micromolar concentrations of Cu2+. The data from this study demonstrates that the established black sea bream fibroblast cell line could serve as a useful in vitro model for stress protein studies. 相似文献
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随着高密度集约化水产养殖业的发展，溶解氧、水温和氨氮等水环境因子胁迫已成为制约渔业高质量发展的限制性因素，抗逆水产新品种的培育成为重要的解决途径之一。本文综述了鱼类对温度、低氧、氨氮、亚硝态氮、盐碱胁迫的响应机制，以及环境耐受性鱼类新品种的育种现状，提出充分利用第一次全国水产养殖种质资源系统调查结果发掘优异种质资源，建立高通量表型和基因型精准鉴定技术，深入解析鱼类响应环境因子胁迫的机制，利用分子标记辅助育种、全基因组选择育种、基因编辑育种和分子设计育种等现代分子育种技术进行高效精准抗逆新品种的培育，为鱼类抗逆性新品种培育提供参考。 相似文献
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Jeroen G. J. Boerrigter Hans W. van de Vis Ruud van den Bos Wout Abbink Tom Spanings Jan Zethof Laura Louzao Martinez Wouter F. M. van Andel Javier Lopez-Luna Gert Flik 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2014,40(4):1201-1212
Aquaculture practices bring several stressful events to fish. Stressors not only activate the hypothalamus–pituitary–interrenal-axis, but also evoke cellular stress responses. Up-regulation of heat shock proteins (HSPs) is among the best studied mechanisms of the cellular stress response. An extract of the prickly pear cactus (Opuntia ficus indica), Pro-Tex, a soluble variant of TEX-OE®, may induce expression of HSPs and reduce negative effects of cellular stress. Pro-Tex therefore is used to ameliorate conditions during stressful aquaculture-related practices. We tested Pro-Tex in zebrafish (Danio rerio), common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) and yellowtail kingfish (Seriola lalandi) exposed to aquaculture-relevant stressors (thermal stress, net confinement, transport) and assessed its effects on stress physiology. Heat shock produced a mild increase in hsp70 mRNA expression in 5-day-old zebrafish larvae. Pro-Tex increased basal hsp70 mRNA expression, but decreased heat-shock-induced expression of hsp70 mRNA. In carp, Pro-Tex increased plasma cortisol and glucose levels, while it did not affect the mild stress response (increased plasma cortisol and glucose) to net confinement. In gills, and proximal and distal intestine, stress increased hsp70 mRNA expression; in the distal intestine, an additive enhancement of hsp70 mRNA expression by Pro-Tex was seen under stress. In yellowtail kingfish, Pro-Tex reduced the negative physiological effects of transport more efficiently than when fish were sedated with AQUI-S®. Overall, our data indicate that Pro-Tex has protective effects under high levels of stress only. As Pro-Tex has potential for use in aquaculture, its functioning and impact on health and welfare of fish should be further studied. 相似文献
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Kyle VanderLugt Michael J. Cooney Anna Lechner Petra H. Lenz 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》2009,40(5):616-628
First feed production continues to be a major barrier to the cultivation of many fish species. Although copepod nauplii are a suitable food, consistency and high production have been difficult. Temporal changes in production in batch cultures of the calanoid copepod, Bestiolina similis, were investigated to develop management strategies for the use of copepod nauplii as a live food. Population abundances and female egg production rates were measured, and recruitment and mortality rates were calculated. Relative expression levels of a molecular biomarker for stress, heat shock protein hsp70, were determined using real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The population cycle included a period of rapid increase in abundances, followed by a steep decline and a period of stable but low population densities. Initially, egg production exceeded 25 eggs per female per day and low mortality rates prevailed. The population decline was preceded by upregulation of hsp70 and followed by an 80–90% decline in female fecundity and an increase in mortality rates. Egg production rates remained below four eggs per female per day even after new generations of females reached adulthood. The predictable population cycle provides opportunities to coordinate nauplius production rates with first feed needs of fish larvae. 相似文献