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1.
星突江鲽（Platichthys stellatus）群体同工酶分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用水平凝胶电泳技术对星突江鲽（Platichthys stellatus）养殖群体进行了同工酶分析。筛选了9种酶,检测到15个位点,在0.99水平上,仅PGM^＊位点表现为多态,LDH^＊、SDH^＊、G3PDH^＊、GPI-1^＊、GPI-2^＊、GPI-3^＊、IDHP^＊、SOD-1^＊、SOD-2^＊、SOD-3^＊、MDH-1^＊、MDH-2^＊、MPI-1^＊和MPI-2^＊均为单态,多态位点比例为6.67%,实际观测杂合度为0.0098,预期杂合度为0.0303,平均有效等位基因数目为1.0557。结果表明,星突江鲽养殖群体的遗传多样性水平较低。 相似文献
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采用RAPD标记技术对取自韩国沿海和俄罗斯沿海的星突江鲽养殖子一代进行了遗传多样性分析。从40个10bp随机引物中筛选出11个效果稳定的引物,对每个群体40个个体进行扩增,各获得57个位点。韩国群体多态位点数为33个,其多态位点比例P为57.89%;俄罗斯群体多态位点数为32个,其多态位点比例P为56.14%。韩国群体和俄罗斯群体的Shannon遗传多样度分别为0.3384和0.2963,Nei的多样性指数h分别为0.2305和0.1947。星突江鲽两群体遗传多态度总量Hsp为0.4252。其中,群体内遗传多态度Hpop为0.3174,源于群体内的遗传多样性的比例为0.7465,而源于群体间的遗传多样性的比例为0.2535。 相似文献
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三疣梭子蟹野生群体同工酶的遗传多态性分析 总被引：16，自引：0，他引：16
采用聚丙烯酰胺不连续凝胶垂直电泳技术对三疣梭子蟹野生群体的同工酶进行检测.分析了48个样本的11种同工酶在三疣梭子蟹肌肉中的表达情况.11种同工酶(MDH、LDH、ME、SOD、 EST、SDH、IDH、ADH、POD、CAT、AAT)共检测出20个基因座位,其中Me-2、Sod-3、Cat-3、Ldh-2共4个座位呈多态(P0.99),多态座位百分数P为20%.平均每个座位的有效等位基因数目Ae为1.230,预期杂合度He为0.094,实际杂合度Ho为0.175.同时还分析了三疣梭子蟹4个多态座位的Hardy-Weinberg遗传偏离指数d.与日本绒螯蟹、中华绒螯蟹等相比,三疣梭子蟹野生群体的遗传多样性水平较高,种质资源还处于较好的状态. 相似文献
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山东近海石鲽的同工酶分析 总被引：4，自引：2，他引：4
采用水平淀粉凝胶电泳技术研究山东半岛南岸海阳近海石鲽同工酶的组织特异性及群体遗传结构。结果表明，石鲽的眼、鳃、肌肉、心脏、肝脏、肾脏、脾脏和鳍条共8种组织的17种同工酶表达有明显的组织特异性。对肝脏和肌肉两种组织的AAT、ADH、EST、GPI、G3PDH、IDHP、LAP、LDH、MDH、MPI、PGDH、PGM、SDH和SOD等14种同工酶进行了遗传学分析，共记录了21个基因座位，其中，GPI-2^*、JDHP-2^*、MDH-1^*、MPI-1^*、PGM-3^*、SDH^*共6个基因座位呈多态，其多态座位比例为0．2857(P0.99)，平均观测杂合度和预期杂合度分别为0．0321和0．0283，平均有效等位基因数为1．3650，遗传偏离指数均大于零。石鲽和圆斑星鲽同工酶比较分析表明，二者在AAT^*、ADH^*、GPI-1^*、IDHP^*、LDH^*、MDH-1^*、MDH-2^*、MDH-3^*、MPI-1^*、PGM-1^*、PGM-2^*、SOD^*和SDH^*存在基因置换或近于基因置换，两种间的遗传距离为1．3117。 相似文献
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三疣梭子蟹野生群体同工酶遗传多态性分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
三疣梭子蟹野生群体同工酶的遗传多态性分析=Isozyme polymorphism in Portunus trituberculatus from wild population ［刊，中］/高保全（中国海洋大学生命科学与技术学部，青岛266003）,刘萍,李健,戴芳钰//水产学报，—2007，31(1).-1～6
采用聚丙烯酰胺不连续凝胶垂直电泳技术对三疣梭子蟹野生群体的同工酶进行检测。分析了48个样本的11种同工酶在三疣梭子蟹肌肉中的表达情况。11种同工酶(MDH、LDH、ME、SOD、 EST、SDH、IDH、ADH、POD、CAT、AAT)共检测出20个基因座位，其中Me-2、Sod-3、Cat-3、Ldh-2共4个座位呈多态(P0.99)，多态座位百分数P为20%。平均每个座位的有效等位基因数目Ae为1.230，预期杂合度He为0.094，实际杂合度Ho为0.175。同时还分析了三疣梭子蟹4个多态座位的Hardy-Weinberg遗传偏离指数d。与日本绒螯蟹、中华绒螯蟹等相比，三疣梭子蟹野生群体的遗传多样性水平较高，种质资源还处于较好的状态。图1表3参22
关键词：三疣梭子蟹；野生群体；同工酶；多态性
E-mail：liuping@ysfri.ac.cn 相似文献
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采用聚丙烯酰胺不连续凝胶垂直板电泳技术对引进种漠斑牙鲆（Paralichthys lethostigma）子一代的同工酶进行检测。分析了48个样本的15种同工酶在漠斑牙鲆肌肉和肝脏两种组织或器官中的表达情况，以期为其种质资源的保护和开发以及遗传育种方面的研究提供基础资料。15种同工酶共记录了33个基因座位，其中Me-1、Adh—1、Sdh—1、Sdh-2、Gdh—1、G6pd-1、Pgm—I1ldh—1、Cat—1、Pod—1和Pgi—1共11个座位呈多态，多态座位百分数是33．3％。平均每个座位的等位基因有效数值Ae为1．2196，预期杂合度He为0．1219，实际杂合度Ho为0．1547。同时还分析了漠斑牙鲆各个多态座位的Hardy-Weinberg遗传偏离指数d。这些数据说明，漠斑牙鲆群体拥有较高的遗传变异水平，还处于种质资源维持较好的状态，有利于对其资源进行开发以及对其遗传育种工作的展开。 相似文献
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采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳（PAGE）和RAPD方法对厦门养殖斑节对虾（Penaeus monodon Fabricius）群体的遗传多样性进行分析。9种同工酶共检测到21个座位，其中多态座位13个，多态座位比例为61．90％，预期杂合度0．151，观察杂合度0．120，Hardy—Weinberg遗传偏离指数（d）为-0．208，存在杂合子缺失。经x^2拟合度检验，多数座位偏离Hardy—Weinberg平衡，表明群体未达到随机交配。14个10bp引物共获得了83个标记，单个引物获得的标记数为2～11个，平均每个引物扩增出5．93个座位，其中多态标记数68个，多态位点比例为81．93％，杂合度为0．246，基因多样性为0．260，Shannon’S信息指数为0．397。两种方法均表明该斑节对虾养殖群体的遗传多样性水平较高，但可能已有近交衰退发生。 相似文献
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采用聚丙烯酰胺不连续凝胶垂直电泳技术对中国沿海的大连黑石礁、山东莱州湾、江苏海州湾和浙江象山4个日本蟳地理群体的10种同工酶进行检测,并分析了群体间的生化遗传差异。实验共记录了28个座位,其中m-Mdh-1、Sod-3、Cat-3、Est-1、α-Amy-1、α-Amy-4、Ldh-2、Alp-1和Alp-3共9个座位表现为多态,4个群体的多态座位百分数（P0.99）均为32.14%,平均每个座位等位基因有效值Ae为1.283 0～1.297 9,平均预期杂合度He为0.146 2～0.155 6,平均观察杂合度Ho为0.273 8～0.278 3,遗传距离D为0.000 4～0.001 8。4个群体的聚类分析表明,莱州湾和大连群体亲缘关系最近,而象山群体与其他3个群体遗传距离较远。实验结果表明,日本蟳遗传多样性处于较高水平,种质资源维持良好,有利于其种质资源的开发及遗传改良等工作的开展。 相似文献
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采用垂直聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳方法(PAGE)和RAPD技术对象山港网箱养殖大黄鱼群体遗传多样性进行检测。结果表明，所分析的12种同工酶共记录了27个基因座位，其中3个基因座位Est-2、Est-3和m-Adh-2为多态，其多态座位比例为11．111％，平均杂合度为0．0279。16个RAPD随机引物共检测出119个位点，其中多态位点20个(16.81％)，个体间的遗传相似系数为0．844～0．972，遗传变异度为0．0927，Shannon多样性指数为6．326，多样性值为0．0532。不论是同工酶电泳分析结果还是RAPD分析结果，均表明象山港网箱养殖大黄鱼遗传多样性水平较低。 相似文献
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Association between the interannual variation in the oceanic environment and catch rates of bigeye tuna (Thunnus obesus) in the Atlantic Ocean 
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下载免费PDF全文 The environmental processes associated with variability in the catch rates of bigeye tuna in the Atlantic Ocean are largely unexplored. This study used generalized additive models (GAMs) fitted to Taiwanese longline fishery data from 1990 to 2009 and investigated the association between environmental variables and catch rates to identify the processes influencing bigeye tuna distribution in the Atlantic Ocean. The present findings reveal that the year (temporal factor), latitude and longitude (spatial factors), and major regular longline target species of albacore catches are significant for the standardization of bigeye tuna catch rates in the Atlantic Ocean. The standardized catch rates and distribution of bigeye tuna were found to be related to environmental and climatic variation. The model selection processes showed that the selected GAMs explained 70% of the cumulative deviance in the entire Atlantic Ocean. Regarding environmental factors, the depth of the 20 degree isotherm (D20) substantially contributed to the explained deviance; other important factors were sea surface temperature (SST) and sea surface height deviation (SSHD). The potential fishing grounds were observed with SSTs of 22–28°C, a D20 shallower than 150 m and negative SSHDs in the Atlantic Ocean. The higher predicted catch rates were increased in the positive northern tropical Atlantic and negative North Atlantic Oscillation events with a higher SST and shallow D20, suggesting that climatic oscillations affect the population abundance and distribution of bigeye tuna. 相似文献
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Liping Li Rui Wang Wanwen Liang Xi Gan Ting Huang Yan Huang Jian Li Yunliang Shi Honglin Luo Ming Chen 《广西水产科技》2014,(1)
Previously, we reported 10 PEGE types of 85 tilapia Streptococcus agalactiae(GBS), which shifted from Streptococcus iniae in China, by using PEGE method. Presently, larger and more representative tilapia GBS were isolated, for the ?rst time in China, to characterize their serotypes and genetic diversities more precisely than had done before. 168 GBS strains were distributed in ?ve provinces of China, in which Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan were the major ones, holding36.9%(62/168), 37.5%(63/168) and 19.6%(33/168), respectively. Serotypes, Ia, Ib and III, were observed in these strains and the most predominant one was Ia(95.2%), which mainly distributed in Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan. Ia initially occurred in 2009, it shoot up to 32.1% in 2010,but decreased to 16.1% in 2011 before went up to 45.2% in 2012. Ib sporadically occurred during2007–2011, III onlyoccurred in 2012. 14 different PFGE types, including 4 new types(N, O,P and Q), were observed, in which B, D, F and G were the predominant types, holding 83.9%(141/168) of the total GBS strains. Ia corresponded to 11 PFGE types(A–H, N–P), in which type D predominated(51%). Ib represented 3 genotypes(I, J and Q) and III harbored only 2genotypes(N and F). Type N and Fsynchronously presented in Ia and III. In summary, the genetic diversity of tilapia GBS varied by serotypes and changed with geographical locations and years.Although Iastillpredominated, new rareserotypeIII alreadyoccurred in China. 相似文献
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Iciar Martinez Amaya Velasco Ricardo Pérez-Martín Eskil Forås Michiaki Yamashita Carmen G. Sotelo 《Journal Of Aquatic Food Product Technology》2013,22(4):289-297
The purpose of this work was to evaluate the suitability of a method based on the presence of two restriction sites (for Hae III and Hindf I) in the mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase subunit 5 (mt ND5) gene to identify Scomber species. The evaluation was performed on 144 reference and market samples by sequencing of the entire 505-bp fragment of the mt ND5 gene and of a 464-bp fragment of the Kocher fragment of the cytochrome b gene (mt Cytb). Sequence analysis of any of the two fragments allows the identification of each of the four Scomber species, but S. japonicus and S. colias had the same restriction sites at the ND5 amplicon and would not have been differentiated by this analysis. Similarly, loss of the Hae III site in some S. scombrus individuals would have misidentified them as not being Scomber. All the market products were correctly labeled except one acquired in Spain labeled as originating in the Atlantic and containing S. japonicus. 相似文献
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In this experiment, a feeding trial was performed to determine the effects of fructooligosaccharide (FOS) on growth performance, digestive enzyme activity and immune response of Japanese sea bass, Lateolabrax japonicus juveniles (initial weight 38.3 ± 0.5 g), and the fish were examined following feeding with six levels of FOS (0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4 and 6 g/kg) for 28 days. Significant enhancement of weight gain (WG) and specific growth rate (SGR) was found in fish fed 1 g/kg FOS incorporated diets (p < .05), while the feed conversion ratio (FCR) in the 1, 2 g/kg FOS groups reduced significantly compared with the control (p < .05). Besides, the crude lipid in the 4, 6 g/kg FOS groups increased significantly compared with the control (p < .05). On the other hand, the erepsin and lipase activities significantly elevated in intestine of fish fed 2 g/kg FOS (p < .05) and the lysozyme activity in serum of fish fed 2 g/kg FOS were significantly higher than that in the control (p < .05). Moreover, the alkaline phosphatase activities in serum of fish fed 0.5, 1, 2 g/kg FOS were significantly higher than in control (p < .05). Regression analysis showed that the relationships between dietary FOS levels and either SGR, FCR, erepsin or lysozyme activities were best expressed by regression equations, and the optimal inclusion levels are 1.37, 1.80, 3.06, 3.11, 1.93 and 1.80 g/kg for SGR, FCR, erepsin, lipase, lysozyme and total superoxide dismutase activities, respectively. Overall, this study revealed that FOS incorporated diets could beneficial for L. japonicus culture in terms of increasing the growth, digestion and immune activities. Under the present experimental condition, the optimal supplementary level of FOS in the diet of L. japonicus is 1–3 g/kg. 相似文献
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Two gonadotropins (GtH; Qa and Qb) were purified by gel filtration and ion exchange chromatography from the pituitaries of Indian walking catfish (Clarias batrachus). The presence of GtH during purification was assessed by in vitro oocyte maturation and in vivo steroidogenic activity, and their identities were determined by elution profiles, molecular weight, biological activities and yield. The molecular weights of Qa and Qb were 37 and 42 kDa, respectively, and composed of distinct subunits (Qa: 20 and 14 kDa and Qb: 26 and 18 kDa). Polyclonal antibodies raised against Qa immunostained Qa, Qb and pituitary GtH cells. A competitive Qa‐ELISA was developed whose sensitivity was 6.25 ng mL?1 (1.25 ng well?1) with intra‐ (3.5%) and inter‐ (12.4%) assay coefficients of variation. Displacement curves parallel to the standard were obtained with plasma and pituitary extracts of catfish, Qb and carp GtHII. The assay was validated by measuring the plasma Qa levels after LHRH treatment and in relation to ovarian growth in the female catfish during different reproductive phases. Based on the results, Qa and Qb corresponded to fish LH and FSH respectively. The findings will increase the knowledge of the mechanisms controlling fish reproduction and identification of sensitive phases in fish in captivity for hormonal manipulation. 相似文献
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Controlled infection of Poecilia reticulata Peters (guppy) with Tetrahymena by immersion and intraperitoneal injection 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 G Sharon M Pimenta‐Leibowitz M C L Vilchis N Isakov D Zilberg 《Journal of fish diseases》2015,38(1):67-74
Tetrahymena is a protozoan parasite, which infects guppy, Poecilia reticulata Peters, and causes substantial economical losses in commercial farms worldwide. Studies of guppy infected by Tetrahymena require standardized infection protocols. The LD50 for Tetrahymena infection of guppies by intraperitoneal (IP) injection was calibrated, and the level obtained was 946 parasites per fish. Guppy infection with Tetrahymena by immersion, imitating the natural route of infection via the integument, was studied under normal or stress conditions. Exposure to cold and netting (CNI) and to cold only (CI) followed by immersion exposure to 10 000 Tetrahymena per mL resulted in 22.5% and 19.2% mortality, respectively, as compared to 14.2% and 10% in groups that were netted only (NI) or non‐stressed (I). Histopathology revealed that immersion infection resulted in a systemic infection. Lysozyme levels, measured 3 weeks after infection, were significantly higher in the CNI group (288 μg per mg protein) compared with CI‐, NI‐ and I‐treated groups (94.5, 64 and 62.3 μg mg?1, respectively). There was no evident parasite immobilization activity in body homogenates, suggesting no development of acquired immunity. Re‐infection by IP injection revealed no increase in protection in any of the treatment groups, mortality range of 56.3–75%, higher than in the non‐exposed control (40.6% mortality). 相似文献
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Qin-Cheng Huang Di‐Gen Qin Bei‐Ping Tan Tao Du Yuan-Zhi Yang Qi-hui Yang Shu‐Yan Chi Xiao-hui Dong 《Aquaculture Research》2020,51(2):816-827
A 5 × 3 factorial growth trial was conducted to evaluate optimal dietary protein and lipid levels (dietary protein level, DP; dietary lipid level, DL) for juvenile Sillago sihama (S. sihama) (2.0 ± 0.02 g, initial weight). Fish were fed 15 diets containing 5 DPs (350, 400, 450, 500 and 550 g/kg) and 3 DLs (60, 90 and 120 g/kg) for 8 weeks. The interaction between proteins and lipids significantly influenced the feed conversion ratio, condition factor, body composition, antioxidant indices and lipase activity (p < .05). DP 450 g/kg showed the highest average final body weight. DPs 500 and 550 g/kg significantly decreased the protein efficiency ratio (p < .05). DL 120 g/kg showed the highest percentage weight gain. The low feed conversion ratio was found in diets P45L12, P55L9 and P55L12. Diet P45L12 showed high superoxide dismutase activities. DP 450 g/kg showed the lowest average malondialdehyde content. Lipase activity was increased by increasing DP (p < .05) with a fall at DP 550 g/kg. Under the present experimental conditions, the optimal DP for S. sihama was 450 g/kg under the DL 120 g/kg. 相似文献
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Cholecalciferol (Vitamin D3) increased plasma inorganic phosphate concentration in American eels,Anguilla rostrata, in a dose-dependent fashion. This response was more marked in phosphate loaded fish. In control as well as phosphate loaded
eels the hyperphosphatemic response to D3 was associated with a sharp reduction in renal phosphate clearance relative to14C-polyethelene glycol (PEG) clearance. Glomerular filtration and urine flow rates were not affected by D3. As renal phosphate clearance, even in phosphate loaded eels, never significantly exceeded that of PEG, it is suggested that
D3 reduced the relative clearance rate of phosphate by increasing renal phosphate reabsorption rather than by reducing the tubular
secretion of phosphate. 相似文献