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1.
《渔业科学进展》2016,(6)
采用显微观察、拍照、测量的方法,对太平洋鳕(Gadus macrocephalus Tilesius)人工培育苗种各阶段仔鱼的发育(0–80 dph day post hatching)进行了研究。结果显示,在水温为2–12℃、盐度为28–32、p H为7.8–8.2、光照为800–1200 lx、微充气静水的培育条件下,太平洋鳕早期仔鱼发育主要特征为:0–5 dph仔鱼完全营内源性营养,1 dph仔鱼黑色素沉积较初孵仔鱼颜色加深,眼球出现彩虹色素,5 dph仔鱼消化道已打通(除肝脏外);6 dph仔鱼开口摄食,消化道内有小颗粒物质,营混合性营养;9 dph大部分仔鱼卵黄囊吸收完毕,消化道内充满褶皱臂尾轮虫(Brachionus plicatilis),进入外源性营养期,血细胞流动清晰可见;12 dph仔鱼头部黄色色素带明显;15 dph仔鱼黑色素和黄色素密集,鳔器官开始形成;17 dph仔鱼开始出现彩虹色素;20 dph仔鱼眼球发育完善,腹动脉可观察到明显的血流,鱼体尾部色素点开始出现;30–50 dph仔鱼各鳍条雏形发育;30 dph仔鱼尾鳍鳍条开始发育;40 dph仔鱼开始摄食卤虫(Artemia sp.),第1、2、3背鳍已出现雏形;50 dph仔鱼尾椎骨开始上翘,臀鳍、背鳍雏形已清晰可见;60–80 dph仔鱼色素细胞进一步发育,各鳍条逐步发育完善,胆囊清晰可见;60 dph仔鱼鳃部呈现红色;70 dph仔鱼腹部有银白色鳞片雏形出现;80 dph仔鱼鳃盖已基本发育完善,腹鳍出现。本研究对太平洋鳕仔稚鱼发育过程进行了描述,可为后续规模化人工繁育的开展提供基础数据。 相似文献
2.
通过高温刺激和高温水养殖幼鱼的方法研究了大菱鲆不同子二代(F2)家系耐高温能力。对2010年建立的36个子二代(F2)家系50日龄幼鱼,记录使用30℃高温海水进行突变热刺激2h后48h的死亡率;对2009年和2010年所建立的22个和36个大菱鲆F2家系100日龄幼鱼,按照2℃/d速率将养殖温度分别由21.0℃和14.8℃逐步升温至27.0℃和25.0℃,记录不同家系在不同时间的死亡情况。根据热激后存活率表型筛选出高温耐受力强的20个F2家系和11尾F1亲鱼,所筛选出的亲鱼和子代家系有望成为核心育种群体构建的组成部分。 相似文献
3.
水温和盐度对大菱鲆稚鱼存活的影响 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
采用突然改变温度和盐度的方法,试验不同水温和盐度对大菱鲆稚鱼存活的影响。试验结果表明,水温为15.0~18.0℃、盐度为28~32,大菱鲆稚鱼存活率最高;用曲线回归的方法求出24 h内存活率与温度的关系式,其回归方程为y=-0.5506x2 18.4970x-53.13,依此得到大菱鲆稚鱼的高、低起始致死温度为26.54℃和7.06℃。依同样方法得到24h内存活率与盐度的回归方程为y=-0.4353x2 23.4226x-213.81,高、低起始致死盐度为37.76和16.05。经t检验显著相关(P<0.01)。 相似文献
4.
对斜带石斑鱼(Epinephelus coioides)的胚胎及仔稚幼鱼形态发育进行了观察与研究,详细描述从受精卵到初孵仔鱼的28个具体发育时期的形态特征和发育时间。根据研究观察结果,将斜带石斑鱼胚胎发育划分为卵裂期、囊胚期、原肠胚期、神经胚期和器官形成期。在水温(25±0.5)℃、盐度31.0p、H 7.8的海水中,斜带石斑鱼胚胎历时28 h 30 min完成整个胚胎发育孵化出膜。胚后发育主要根据卵黄囊、腹鳍棘及第二背鳍棘、鳞片、体色的变化分为仔鱼期、稚鱼期、幼鱼期。仔鱼期根据卵黄囊的有无又分为早期仔鱼和晚期仔鱼。在水温24.5~29.2℃,盐度28.8~33.5,pH 7.5~8.5的海水中,培育至36 d,发育最快的斜带石斑鱼结束仔鱼期进入稚鱼期;培育至42 d,发育最快的稚鱼完成变态,成为幼鱼。斜带石斑鱼胚后发育过程中最明显的变化是腹鳍棘与第二背鳍棘以及鳍棘上小刺的长出与收回。 相似文献
5.
采用显微观察、拍照、测量的方法,对太平洋鳕(Gadus macrocephalus Tilesius)人工培育苗种各阶段仔鱼的发育(0-80 dph day post hatching)进行了研究.结果显示,在水温为2-12℃、盐度为28-32、pH为7.8-8.2、光照为800-1200 Ix、微充气静水的培育条件下,太平洋鳕早期仔鱼发育主要特征为:0-5 dph仔鱼完全营内源性营养,1 dph仔鱼黑色素沉积较初孵仔鱼颜色加深,眼球出现彩虹色素,5 dph仔鱼消化道已打通(除肝脏外);6dph仔鱼开口摄食,消化道内有小颗粒物质,营混合性营养;9dph大部分仔鱼卵黄囊吸收完毕,消化道内充满褶皱臂尾轮虫(Brachionus plicatilis),进入外源性营养期,血细胞流动清晰可见;12dph仔鱼头部黄色色素带明显;15dph仔鱼黑色素和黄色素密集,鳔器官开始形成;17dph仔鱼开始出现彩虹色素;20 dph仔鱼眼球发育完善,腹动脉可观察到明显的血流,鱼体尾部色素点开始出现;30-50 dph仔鱼各鳍条雏形发育;30 dph仔鱼尾鳍鳍条开始发育;40dph仔鱼开始摄食卤虫(Artemia sp.),第1、2、3背鳍已出现雏形;50dph仔鱼尾椎骨开始上翘,臀鳍、背鳍雏形已清晰可见;60-80 dph仔鱼色素细胞迸一步发育,各鳍条逐步发育完善,胆囊清晰可见;60 dph仔鱼鳃部呈现红色;70dph仔鱼腹部有银白色鳞片雏形出现;80dph仔鱼鳃盖已基本发育完善,腹鳍出现.本研究对太平洋鳕仔稚鱼发育过程进行了描述,可为后续规模化人工繁育的开展提供基础数据. 相似文献
6.
本研究采用显微摄像与形态度量的方法,首次系统观察和描述了五条鰤(Seriola quinqueradiata)胚胎和仔稚幼鱼阶段生长发育的形态与数量特征。结果显示,五条鰤成熟卵子为透明的圆球形浮性卵,卵径长为1.26~1.36 mm,单油球。在水温(22.0±0.5)℃、盐度30、pH 7.6~8.0的条件下,历时35 h 15 min孵化出膜。胚胎发育过程可分为卵裂前期、卵裂期、囊胚期、原肠期、神经胚期、器官发生期、肌肉效应期和脱膜孵化期8个时期。初孵仔鱼全长为(4.03±0.27) mm,卵黄囊呈长椭圆形,长度约为全长的3/8。3 DAH(day after hetching, DAH)仔鱼全长为(16.23±1.61) mm,开口,转入混合营养期,开口饵料为轮虫(Brachionus plicatilis)。6 DAH仔鱼全长为(4.93±0.17) mm,卵黄囊消耗殆尽,鳔开始充气。10 DAH仔鱼全长为(5.21±0.23) mm,油球消耗完毕,完全进入外源性营养阶段。15 DAH仔鱼全长为(6.24±0.66) mm,脊椎末端开始弯曲,至25 DAH时,稚鱼全长为(10.25±1.35) mm,弯曲过程完成,开始摄食卤虫无节幼体(Artemia salina)。30 DAH稚鱼全长为(16.23±1.61) mm,开始进行配合饲料转化;40 DAH稚鱼全长为(28.07±2.32) mm,苗种摄食配合饲料良好。65 DAH幼鱼全长为(81.49±5.11) mm,体态与成体相似。研究表明,五条鰤胚胎孵化的适宜温度范围为22℃~24℃。研究结果可为构建稳定的五条鰤苗种培育技术提供依据,保障深远海养殖优质种苗生产与供给。 相似文献
7.
对七带石斑鱼胚胎和仔稚鱼发育过程进行了观察,描述了从受精卵到仔稚鱼各发育时期的形态特征;在水温22±0.5℃、盐度30条件下进行七带石斑鱼仔鱼的饥饿耐受力实验,记录了饥饿条件下初孵仔鱼的存活与生长、卵黄囊与油球的利用情况。结果表明,胚胎发育可划分为卵裂期、囊胚期、原肠胚期、神经胚期和器官形成期。在水温20.5±0.5℃、盐度30.0条件下,受精卵历时38h45min孵化出膜。初孵仔鱼全长1.059±0.071mm,至4日龄全长2.27～2.36mm时,卵黄囊完全消失;16日龄,全长4.99mm时,鳔形成;至25～30日龄,尾鳍鳍条发育完整。在饥饿条件下,初孵仔鱼的死亡高峰出现在孵化后4～6d,半数死亡时间出现在5d,至7d饥饿仔鱼全部死亡。卵黄囊期仔鱼的生长可分为3个阶段:仔鱼初孵时的快速生长期,卵黄囊消失前后的慢速生长期,以及在不能建立外源性摄食后的负生长期。随着生长发育时间的延长,饥饿仔鱼与正常条件下仔鱼的生长差异显著(P<0.05)。饥饿仔鱼体长较短,头大且体瘦,长期饥饿后脑后部下陷。 相似文献
8.
半刺厚唇鱼胚胎与胚后发育观察 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
通过对半刺厚唇鱼[Acrossocheilus(Lissochilichthys)hemispinus]胚胎及胚后发育进行观察,详细描述了从受精卵到稚鱼期发育时期的时序和形态特征.结果表明:半刺厚唇鱼成熟卵圆形,卵径1.74～1.97 mm,黄色或桔黄色.在25 ～28℃水温条件下,孵化时间为62 h,刚出膜仔鱼全长5.6～7.2 mm.在26～28℃水温条件下,出膜后仔鱼7日龄初次摄食;9日龄时卵黄囊完全消失;15日龄时,进入稚鱼期:25日龄时,鳞片形成,进入幼鱼期.仔、稚鱼体侧都具有7条明显的黑褐色横向条纹,成鱼条纹消失. 相似文献
9.
《南方水产科学》2018,(6)
为了探明仔、稚鱼阶段红鳍笛鲷(Lutjanus erythopterus)投喂轮虫的最适密度和颗粒饲料驯化时间,文章研究了不同轮虫投喂密度下,红鳍笛鲷仔鱼的生长、存活和食物选择,并采用生长、存活、RNA/DNA比率和消化道上皮细胞高度等参数作为评价指标,研究了颗粒饲料驯化时间[13 dph (孵化后天数,W13)、16 dph (W16)、19dph (W19)和22 dph (W22)]对红鳍笛鲷仔、稚鱼的影响。结果表明,轮虫投喂密度显著影响红鳍笛鲷仔鱼的摄食、饵料选择、生长和存活,轮虫投喂密度为10～20个·mL~(–1)时,仔鱼的生长和成活率均无显著差异但显著高于1个·mL~(–1)和30个·mL~(–1)处理组。颗粒饲料驯化实验中,W19和W22处理组个体的生长和成活率显著高于其他两组,W13处理组个体的RNA/DNA比率最低。22 dph时,W13和W16处理组个体消化道上皮细胞高度明显低于其他两组。根据研究结果,轮虫和卤虫无节幼体混合喂养期间,轮虫密度对仔、稚鱼的食物选择性存在显著影响,建议在红鳍笛鲷初始投喂阶段使用10～20个·mL~(–1)的轮虫密度投喂仔鱼,红鳍笛鲷13 dph即可驯料,而最佳驯料期为16～22 dph。 相似文献
10.
2018年6月(夏)和9月(秋),对长江口崇明东滩水域的14个站位点的表层,运用大型浮游生物网(口径1.3 m,网目0.5 mm)水平船拖10 min采集仔稚鱼,实时采集水柱环境参数包括温度(SST)、盐度(SSS)、浊度(TUR)、深度(DEP)和叶绿素a(SSC),探讨该水域仔稚鱼的分布和多样性的变化特征。结果显示,28网次共采集到仔稚鱼10 925尾。其中淡水型鱼类22种(42%),河口型(半咸水)鱼类19种(37%),沿岸型鱼类7种(13%)和近海型鱼类4种(8%)。鲤科为14种(27%);虾虎鱼科12种(23%);鳀科及银鱼科均为5种(10%)。以大于5%为优势种,凤鲚占总渔获量的21.51%、刀鲚(18.11%)、贝氏?(16.34%)、银飘鱼(10.82%)和斑尾刺虾虎鱼(9.38%)。在采集的所有仔稚鱼中,前弯曲期仔鱼数量最多,约占总数量的76.49%,弯曲期仔鱼11.94%,后弯曲期仔鱼8.01%,稚鱼3.43%,卵黄囊仔鱼仅出现在6月,占总渔获量的0.13%。前弯曲期仔鱼与弯曲期仔鱼的密度随着季节的更替呈下降趋势,后弯曲期仔鱼密度呈上升趋势。夏季仔稚鱼的物种数、个体总数及密度都比秋季多。研究表明,长江口崇明东滩鱼类可以分为两支,淡水种生态群落和半咸水生态群落。 相似文献
11.
白化现象是大菱鲆(Scophthalmus maximus)生产中存在的主要问题之一.2009年,采用大菱鲆育种标准化苗种培育方案培育大菱鲆子二代全同胞家系32个,选取其中白化较为严重的16个全同胞家系(包括6对半同胞家系组合)作为样本家系,抽样测定统计各家系85日龄(dph)幼鱼的形态指标,比较了各全同胞家系白化和正常鱼的形态特征,以及全同胞家系间生长的差异.大菱鲆幼鱼体色分为完全正常、局部白化和完全白化3个类型,白化率统计时将部分白化幼鱼归于白化幼鱼一类.16个全同胞家系的白化率处于17.2％～86.7％范围内,6对半同胞家系组合的白化率差别较大,姊妹家系间白化率差值0 ～ 46％,因此认为白化可能受到母系遗传或卵子质量的影响.多数家系的白化与正常幼鱼的全长、体长、总高、体高、全重差异不显著(P＞0.05).16个全同胞家系样本中,除2个家系外,其余家系的白化与体色正常鱼的可比性状差异不显著(p＞0.05).将各全同胞家系抽样的全部90尾鱼的全重平均值作为指标进行比较,发现全重的生长差异在全同胞家系间表现较为明显.因此,白化鱼与原色鱼的生长和身体形态整体上不存在显著差异.本研究还获得速生候选家系1个,高体型候选家系3个.根据研究结果分析大菱鲆白化现象发生的原因,认为虽然遗传不是大菱鲆白化与否的决定因素,但却是一个重要因素. 相似文献
12.
研究了人工繁殖时江鳕（Lota lota）的胚胎发育。江鳕的胚胎发育分为胚盘期、卵裂期、囊胚期、原肠期、神经胚期、器官形成期6个阶段,20个发育时期,详细描述了各个发育时期的特征。在0~3℃下,胚胎历时998h孵出仔鱼,从受精卵至孵出的积温为887~1023h.℃。本研究还比较了江鳕自产与人工授精时卵的受精率的差异。结果显示,人工授精卵的受精率（约30%）比自产（19.4%）高10%。江鳕胚胎发育的不同时期对外界环境的敏感性不同,主要经历了3个死亡高峰,包括胚盘期至二细胞期、桑椹胚期至原肠早期、出膜期。 相似文献
13.
采捕山东威海外海黄海海域的太平洋鳕(Gadus macrocephalus)亲鱼进行驯化和培育,在人工条件下成功驯化存活野生亲鱼49尾,经短期促熟培育后,通过人工授精方式获得了多批次受精卵.对胚胎和早期仔鱼发育过程进行了观察,详细描述了从受精卵到早期仔鱼各发育时期的形态特征.结果显示,太平洋鳕成熟卵子为沉性卵,圆球形,卵径为0.9-1.1 mm,无油球.胚胎发育分为5个时期,分别为卵裂期、囊胚期、原肠胚期、神经胚期和器官形成期.在水温为9-10℃、盐度为27-29的海水中孵化,受精卵历时312 h 30 min孵化出膜.初孵仔鱼全长为(3.85±0.12) mm,6日龄仔鱼开口,肛门与外界相通,进入混合营养期.8日龄仔鱼卵黄囊消耗殆尽,开始进入外源性营养阶段.仔鱼开口饵料为轮虫(Rotifer),12日龄开始摄食卤虫(Artemia saline)无节幼体.6日龄仔鱼鳔原基形成,16日龄鳔充气成为亮泡状.12日龄仔鱼形成肠道第1个生理弯曲,22日龄仔鱼第2个肠道生理弯曲形成.研究结果可为太平洋鳕亲鱼驯化培育和苗种培育提供基础资料. 相似文献
14.
The phototactic behavior of pike-perch (Sander lucioperca) larvae from 1 to 50 days post hatch (dph) was evaluated using a channel system with 0 and 700 lx light treatment. The findings of this work show larval pike-perch to be highly positive phototactic during its larval stage with a peak of positive phototactic behavior between 10 and 22 dph. After 22 dph positive phototaxis decreased and pike-perch increasingly preferred the lower light treatment. In a second experiment observed positive phototaxis was used to evaluate the effectiveness of a light triggered self-grading mechanism for pike-perch larvae at 16, 22, 28 and 34 dph. The use of larvae’s positive phototaxis for a gentle self-grading was successful at 16 and 22 dph and decreased the length variability between 14 and 18% at 16 dph and between 18 and 28% at 22 dph. Whereas the grading at 28 and 34 dph led to an insufficient reduction in length heterogeneity. As a result the light triggered self-grading has the potential to be implemented in future rearing protocols and to be applied on pike-perch between 16 to 22 dph. Furthermore, it is suggested to consider a light triggered self-grading mechanism within upcoming tank designs for the rearing of larval pike-perch. 相似文献
15.
Cynthia K. Faulk Jeffrey B. Kaiser G. Joan Holt 《Aquaculture (Amsterdam, Netherlands)》2007,270(1-4):149-157
Cobia Rachycentron canadum is a fast-growing, pelagic marine species that has recently attracted aquaculturists in both the research and commercial sectors. The typical method of grow-out for this species is in outdoor systems where production is limited to locations and seasons conducive for adequate growth and survival. Expanding the culture of cobia to indoor recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS) would allow for the production of fingerlings throughout the year and extend production to cooler regions. Two rearing trials were conducted to examine the growth and survival of cobia from hatching through 4 (trial 1, T1) or 35 (trial 2, T2) g in RAS. Cobia larvae were reared in circular tanks placed in a raceway to control water temperature and quality. During early juvenile grow-out, fish were transferred without grading to a second raceway on 29 dph (T1) or over a period of grading from 29–43 dph (T2). Larval growth (1–22 dph) measured as standard length was similar for both trials ranging from 3.9 to 14.7 mm. However, larval growth measured as wet weight (0.033 g, T1; 0.026 g, T2) or dry weight (5.7 mg, T1; 3.9 mg, T2) was significantly greater on 22 dph during T1 as was the ratio between myotome height and standard length. These differences may have resulted from an increase in initial densities from 8.7 larvae l− 1 (T1) to 14.7 larvae l− 1 (T2) which apparently caused an increase in food competition and overall aggression. During juvenile grow-out, cobia reached 4.0 g on 43 dph in T1 and 35.4 g on 71 dph in T2 matching weights achieved during grow-out in outdoor ponds. Over the course of both trials, survival was similar to that reported in outdoor ponds. Mean survival (± S.D.) during the early rearing phase (hatching through 29 or 43 dph) averaged 13.2 ± 3.2 % and 10.4 ± 3.2 % corresponding to final densities of 0.9 ± 0.2 and 1.2 ± 0.4 fish/l for T1 and T2, respectively. During the first grow-out phase (29–43 dph), survival of fish moved into the open raceway was 64.5% in T1 and 88.7 % in T2. Survival of cobia during the second grow-out phase (43–71 dph) for T2 was 92.5%. The results of this study indicate that cobia can be successfully cultured in indoor systems from hatching through at least 35 g without negatively affecting growth or survival. 相似文献
16.
Eggs of European hake (Merluccius merluccius L.) were stripped from fish caught at sea. Larvae were kept under semi‐intensive conditions at around 12°C. In addition, eggs were incubated in single wells at 9.2, 12.7 and 14.5°C, where hatching, development and survival were closely examined. During the larval stage, a total of 299 larvae were sampled to follow development and growth. In addition a small number of juveniles were sampled. Larvae hatched approximately 4 days after fertilization, and were 2.9 mm in total length (TL). At 6‐day post hatching (dph), the larvae were 4.1 mm (TL), the jaw apparatus was developed, and the larvae had started to feed. Most of the growth during the early larval period is restricted to the head, and there is almost no increase in length for the first 3–4 weeks post hatching. Teeth and pelvic fins appear at 25 dph. Development of unpaired fins at approximately 30 dph marks the start of the larval–juvenile transition. Weaning to formulated feed was accomplished 50 dph, when external morphology was similar to that of adult hake. 相似文献
17.
Qing-Lin Wang Yun-Wei Dong Shuang-Lin Dong Fang Wang 《Aquaculture International》2011,19(6):1165-1175
The effects of heat-shock during pelagic stages on growth and survival of juvenile sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus were investigated to test the possibility to acquire high thermal tolerance individuals after the heat-shock selection. Larvae
at the stages of blastula, gastrula, and auricularia were heat-shocked at selected temperatures (21.5, control; 26, 28, and
30°C) for 45 min and returned to 21.5°C for continuous rearing. There was a significant difference in thermal sensitivity
among different developmental stages, and thermal tolerance of the larvae was correlated with the expression of heat shock
protein 70 (Hsp70). Juveniles after the heat-shock selection at pelagic stages showed higher induced thermotolerance than
those without heat-shock. Therefore, heat-shock application at early pelagic development stages is potentially a useful way
to select high-thermotolerance variety of the sea cucumbers. 相似文献
18.
为探索温度对四川华鳊胚胎发育的影响,笔者观察16、19、22、25、28、31℃6个温度条件下四川华鳊的胚胎发育过程,描述总结(25±0.5)℃下胚胎发育各个阶段的形态特征。研究结果显示,四川华鳊胚胎发育过程可划分为受精卵、胚盘形成、卵裂、囊胚、原肠胚、神经胚、器官分化和出膜等8个连续发育阶段;在(25±0.5)℃下孵化总历时44.83 h;在温度为16℃时,胚胎发育至原肠胚晚期全部死亡;19℃时孵化率为30.00%,其中畸形致死占87.19%,显著高于其余4个温度组(P<0.05);温度由19℃升至31℃时,胚胎发育所需时间变短,各温度间差异显著(P<0.05),其中器官分化阶段均用时最长,占整个胚胎孵化历时的72.53%~77.07%;胚胎畸形率随着温度升高而上升,31℃的胚胎畸形率约为28℃的2倍;在22~28℃时,胚胎的受精率和孵化率、成活率最高,畸形率最低。研究结果表明,水温在(19±1)℃,卵径(y)与胚胎孵化时间(x)的关系为y=49.56-44.36x+47.92x^2(r^2=0.996);水温22~28℃为适宜孵化温度,最佳水温约为25℃;胚胎发育的生物学零度为12.69℃,有效积温为522.35~595.11℃·h。 相似文献
19.
秦岭细鳞鲑早期发育观察 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
研究所用性成熟秦岭细鳞鲑(Brachymystax lenok tsinlingensis)亲鱼为野生捕获。对其进行人工繁殖,并观察其胚胎和仔鱼发育。结果表明:在水温9.31～12.80℃,受精卵历经408 h出膜,所需积温为193.35℃.d,初孵仔鱼体长为(9.64±1.03)mm。整个胚胎发育过程可划分为6个阶段(受精卵、卵裂阶段、囊胚阶段、原肠胚阶段、神经胚阶段、器官形成阶段)、26个时期。刚出膜的仔鱼体色透明,肌节明显,无游泳能力,出膜第5天体表出现大量黑色素,12 d后卵黄囊开始消失,46 d的仔鱼各鳍条与幼鱼相似,出现幼鲑斑。通过探讨水温、溶氧和水质等对秦岭细鳞鲑早期发育的影响,建议秦岭细鳞鲑人工繁殖的水温不宜超过14℃,最适宜水温应控制在6～10℃;孵化水体DO应在6.00～8.55 mg/L,如果低于这个水平将会导致发育迟缓、坏死或是出膜幼苗畸形。本研究旨在为秦岭细鳞鲑的人工繁殖和鱼种培育提供科学指导。 相似文献