共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 506 毫秒
1.
以MS-222为麻醉剂,在13～14℃水温条件下,用浸浴麻醉方法测试了不同麻醉剂浓度和不同麻醉时间对牙鲆复苏时间、复苏率和24h存活率及长时间麻醉对复苏率的影响以及超有效浓度麻醉剂（60mg/L）麻醉后的抗露干能力。预备实验证明,本试验条件下麻醉剂的有效浓度为50mg/L。实验表明,将麻醉剂浓度从50mg/L提高到200mg/L,供试鱼被麻醉的时间由288s缩短至50s,复苏时间由94s延长至106s;用60、100和200mg/L的麻醉液持续麻醉后,可获得100%复苏率的最长麻醉时间分别为64、32和32min,牙鲆经MS-222麻醉后抗露干时间延长。牙鲆麻醉后复苏过程中存在较大的个体差异,但一旦复苏,牙鲆24h内的存活率可达100%。实验表明,MS-222的合理麻醉浓度为60mg/L,此浓度下最长麻醉时间为64min,麻醉露干时间应低于60min。 相似文献
2.
MS-222对日本对虾麻醉效果的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在水温为20℃条件下研究了麻醉剂MS-222对日本对虾的麻醉效果,探索了日本对虾在安全浓度下麻醉后离水操作的可行性。结果表明,随着MS-222浓度的逐渐升高,日本对虾表现出达到麻醉状态所需要的时间逐渐缩短,而复苏时间逐渐增加的趋势。MS-222的理想麻醉浓度为6 g/L,到达轻度麻醉、中度麻醉、深度麻醉和复苏所需要的时间分别为69.0、104.8、159.6和221.6 s,复苏后24 h内的存活率均达到100%,对日本对虾的麻醉效果较好。经理想浓度6 g/L深度麻醉后,适宜的离水操作时间应小于4 min。综上所述,MS-222是日本对虾有效、安全的麻醉剂。 相似文献
3.
MS-222对斑点叉尾鮰麻醉效果的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为研究各种因素对MS-222麻醉效果的影响,进行了不同麻醉剂质量分数、麻醉温度和药浴时间等对斑点叉尾鮰[(100±8.5)g]麻醉效果的试验。试验结果:在水温26℃条件下,MS-222质量分数在40~160 mg·L-1时,随着质量分数的增大,斑点叉尾鮰进入麻醉状态的时间显著缩短,复苏时间变化较小,MS-222质量分数在100~160 mg·L-1时能够达到理想的麻醉效果。当MS-222质量分数为100 mg·L-1,水温在18~34℃时,随着温度的升高,斑点叉尾鮰进入麻醉状态的时间显著缩短,复苏时间明显增加,水温在26~30℃时能够达到理想的麻醉效果。水温26℃条件下,当MS-222质量分数小于等于60mg·L-1时,斑点叉尾鮰的麻醉时间较长;MS-222质量分数为80 mg·L-1和100 mg·L-1时,斑点叉尾鮰的麻醉时间不能超过10 min;MS-222质量分数在大于等于120 mg·L-1时,斑点叉尾鮰的麻醉时间不能超过3 min。用不同质量分数的MS-222对斑点叉尾鮰进行麻醉时,斑点叉尾鮰每分钟呼吸频率到达峰值的时间随着麻醉剂质量分数的增大而逐渐缩短。 相似文献
4.
在水温16℃±1℃条件下,研究了MS-222在不同浓度、不同麻醉时间对半滑舌鳎的复苏时间、复苏率及存活率的影响,同时探讨了半滑舌鳎在麻醉剂浓度为60 mg/L的海水中浸浴4 h后的药物消除规律。试验结果表明:MS-222浓度在60~120 mg/L时,试验鱼进入麻醉状态的时间随麻醉剂浓度的增加而缩短,变化较大,浓度由60 mg/L增加至120 mg/L,麻醉时间由280 s缩短至90 s;随着浓度进一步增加,麻醉时间的变化趋于平稳。试验鱼在浓度为60 mg/L的MS-222溶液中浸浴0.5、1.0、2.0、3.0、4.0 h,其复苏率及24 h存活率均达100%;持续麻醉时间在3 h内,随着浸浴时间的延长,试验鱼的复苏时间由115 s延长至155 s,超过3 h后,复苏时间趋于稳定。试验条件下麻醉剂的有效浓度为60 mg/L。MS-222在半滑舌鳎体内的消除数据结果符合一级消除二室模型,消除半衰期t_(1/2β)为44.2 h,消除速率方程为C=7550.5e~(-0.205t)+791.8e~(-0.016t)-8342.3e-0.081e~(0.106t),相关系数为1.0。以水产品中麻醉剂定量限2.0μg/kg为残留限量,通过WT 1.4分析,以半滑舌鳎可食性肌肉组织作为残留检测靶组织,建议休药期不低于16 d。 相似文献
5.
6.
在水温26±0.5℃下,研究以20~100mg/L之间5个浓度梯度的MS-222(tricaine methane sulfonate)对体质量255.87±30.31g野生长薄鳅Leptobotia elongate的麻醉效果。结果表明:在20mg/L的MS-222下,长薄鳅的活动量明显下降,保持镇静,维持身体平衡和正常体位,麻醉3h后,在清水中几分钟内便可恢复正常游动状态,适合于长途运输;40~80mg/L的MS-222对长薄鳅的麻醉作用较强,适合于短时间实验操作,如外科手术、体外标记、形态学测量等;当MS-222的浓度达到100mg/L时,短时间内长薄鳅便进入深度麻醉甚至休克状态,若不及时进行复苏,鱼易死亡。实验证明,用MS-222麻醉长薄鳅较快、复苏时间短、安全性能高,是较理想的麻醉剂。 相似文献
7.
MS-222对半滑舌鳎成鱼的麻醉效果研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
在(23±0.2)℃海水温度下,测定了MS-222对半滑舌鳎(Cynoglossus semilaevis Günther)成鱼的麻醉效果.实验用半滑舌鳎成鱼体长25～40 cm,体质量300～1500 g.实验设计的MS-222质量浓度范围分别为10～120 mg/L和90～240 mg/L.结果显示,鱼体在最终麻醉程度不超过3期时呼吸频率增加,最终麻醉程度达到4期以上呼吸频率开始下降.MS-222麻醉半滑舌鳎的有效质量浓度为120～210 mg/L.在此浓度范围内,鱼体能够在3 min之内达到4期麻醉状态,5min之内苏醒恢复,且在MS-222溶液中浸浴15min后成活率为100%.鱼体在180mg/L的MS-222溶液中麻醉5 min,在空气中进行暴露0～21 min内,复苏时间相差不大,为100 s左右.5尾半滑舌鳎在180 mg/L的MS-222溶液中麻醉5 min,然后在空气中暴露3 min,连续麻醉6次,每次间隔24 h,复苏时间差异不显著.实验证明,MS-222麻醉半滑舌鳎效果好,鱼体入麻时间短、复苏快,安全边界宽,反复麻醉没有明显的耐受性,是一种理想的水产用麻醉剂.文中还对MS-222用于半滑舌鳎麻醉运输及人工授精等进行了探讨. 相似文献
8.
为研究MS-222对长鳍吻鮈(Rhinogobio ventralis)幼鱼的麻醉效果,在14~15 ℃的水温条件下,进行了不同MS-222浓度、不同空气暴露时间和连续浸浴对幼鱼复苏时间、复苏率和存活率影响的试验。结果表明:(1)MS-222的浓度不仅与长鳍吻鮈幼鱼的麻醉程度有极大关系,还与鱼体的入麻时间呈正相关,与复苏时间呈负相关,MS-222对幼鱼的有效浓度为80~140 mg/L。(2)幼鱼的呼吸频率在低度麻醉阶段显著上升,深度麻醉时急剧下降,最后呼吸停止,进入死亡阶段。(3)进入M4期后的长鳍吻鮈幼鱼,当空气暴露时间在6 min之内时,复苏时间随暴露时间的延长而减少;当暴露时间在6~12 min时(不包括12 min),复苏时间随暴露时间的延长而增加。当暴露时间≤8 min时,复苏率均为100 %;当暴露时间达到10 min时,复苏率降为66.7 %;暴露时间达到12 min时,复苏率为0。(4)进入M4期的幼鱼在10~20 mg/L的MS-222溶液中可全部复苏至正常状态,而在30~50 mg/L的MS-222溶液中只复苏至F3期,在相应浓度(10~50 mg/L)的MS-222溶液中持续浸浴12 h后,存活率均为100 %,但在60 mg/L的MS-222溶液中只能复苏至F1期,并在2 min左右死亡。 相似文献
9.
通过观测不同浓度下MS-222处理后俄罗斯鲟(Acipenser gueldenstaedtii)幼鱼的麻醉深度、入麻时间和复苏时间,初步确定了适宜麻醉浓度,并通过测定呼吸频率、耗氧率、排氨率和露空苏醒弹动时间等指标分析麻醉对鱼体造成的影响,综合评估了MS-222的适宜麻醉浓度范围。试验结果表明,随着MS-222浓度的增加,血液中药物浓度达到动态平衡时俄罗斯鲟幼鱼的麻醉程度逐渐加深,达到相同麻醉程度所需的时间逐渐缩短,且复苏时间出现上升趋势。麻醉剂浓度在200～300 mg/L时,试验鱼20 min内即可进入较为稳定的麻醉状态。MS-222对试验鱼的呼吸频率有极显著影响,也能有效降低鱼体的耗氧率和排氨率。根据试验结果,可认为最适于俄罗斯鲟幼鱼麻醉运输的MS-222浓度范围为50～60 mg/L,适于俄罗斯鲟幼鱼人工操作的MS-222浓度范围为150～200 mg/L。 相似文献
10.
MS-222不同处理方式对史氏鲟和中华鲟麻醉效果的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
MS-222的药液浸浴和药液鳃部喷洒可作为史氏鲟(Acipenser schrenckii)和中华鲟(Acipenser sinensis)的麻醉方式。在水温16～18℃的条件下,史氏鲟的浸浴有效浓度为90～110 mg/L,浸浴安全时间不超过30 min;中华鲟的浸浴有效浓度为80～100 mg/L,浸浴安全时间不超过15 min。史氏鲟药液鳃部喷洒有效浓度为1 500 mg/L,最低有效操作时间为30 s,持续操作时间不超过60 s;药液鳃部喷洒有效浓度为4 000 mg/L,有效操作时间不大于5 s。20～40 mg/L MS-222麻醉液浸浴方式可以作为史氏鲟4 h内的短途运输。史氏鲟在90～150 mg/L的MS-222的药液中超过240 min,试验鱼无法复苏,即生物学死亡。MS-222对中华鲟一般麻醉浓度为80～100 mg/L,其在80 mg/L的MS-222中连续浸浴15 min是安全的。 相似文献
11.
12.
Association between the interannual variation in the oceanic environment and catch rates of bigeye tuna (Thunnus obesus) in the Atlantic Ocean 
下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 The environmental processes associated with variability in the catch rates of bigeye tuna in the Atlantic Ocean are largely unexplored. This study used generalized additive models (GAMs) fitted to Taiwanese longline fishery data from 1990 to 2009 and investigated the association between environmental variables and catch rates to identify the processes influencing bigeye tuna distribution in the Atlantic Ocean. The present findings reveal that the year (temporal factor), latitude and longitude (spatial factors), and major regular longline target species of albacore catches are significant for the standardization of bigeye tuna catch rates in the Atlantic Ocean. The standardized catch rates and distribution of bigeye tuna were found to be related to environmental and climatic variation. The model selection processes showed that the selected GAMs explained 70% of the cumulative deviance in the entire Atlantic Ocean. Regarding environmental factors, the depth of the 20 degree isotherm (D20) substantially contributed to the explained deviance; other important factors were sea surface temperature (SST) and sea surface height deviation (SSHD). The potential fishing grounds were observed with SSTs of 22–28°C, a D20 shallower than 150 m and negative SSHDs in the Atlantic Ocean. The higher predicted catch rates were increased in the positive northern tropical Atlantic and negative North Atlantic Oscillation events with a higher SST and shallow D20, suggesting that climatic oscillations affect the population abundance and distribution of bigeye tuna. 相似文献
13.
Liping Li Rui Wang Wanwen Liang Xi Gan Ting Huang Yan Huang Jian Li Yunliang Shi Honglin Luo Ming Chen 《广西水产科技》2014,(1)
Previously, we reported 10 PEGE types of 85 tilapia Streptococcus agalactiae(GBS), which shifted from Streptococcus iniae in China, by using PEGE method. Presently, larger and more representative tilapia GBS were isolated, for the ?rst time in China, to characterize their serotypes and genetic diversities more precisely than had done before. 168 GBS strains were distributed in ?ve provinces of China, in which Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan were the major ones, holding36.9%(62/168), 37.5%(63/168) and 19.6%(33/168), respectively. Serotypes, Ia, Ib and III, were observed in these strains and the most predominant one was Ia(95.2%), which mainly distributed in Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan. Ia initially occurred in 2009, it shoot up to 32.1% in 2010,but decreased to 16.1% in 2011 before went up to 45.2% in 2012. Ib sporadically occurred during2007–2011, III onlyoccurred in 2012. 14 different PFGE types, including 4 new types(N, O,P and Q), were observed, in which B, D, F and G were the predominant types, holding 83.9%(141/168) of the total GBS strains. Ia corresponded to 11 PFGE types(A–H, N–P), in which type D predominated(51%). Ib represented 3 genotypes(I, J and Q) and III harbored only 2genotypes(N and F). Type N and Fsynchronously presented in Ia and III. In summary, the genetic diversity of tilapia GBS varied by serotypes and changed with geographical locations and years.Although Iastillpredominated, new rareserotypeIII alreadyoccurred in China. 相似文献
14.
Iciar Martinez Amaya Velasco Ricardo Pérez-Martín Eskil Forås Michiaki Yamashita Carmen G. Sotelo 《Journal Of Aquatic Food Product Technology》2013,22(4):289-297
The purpose of this work was to evaluate the suitability of a method based on the presence of two restriction sites (for Hae III and Hindf I) in the mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase subunit 5 (mt ND5) gene to identify Scomber species. The evaluation was performed on 144 reference and market samples by sequencing of the entire 505-bp fragment of the mt ND5 gene and of a 464-bp fragment of the Kocher fragment of the cytochrome b gene (mt Cytb). Sequence analysis of any of the two fragments allows the identification of each of the four Scomber species, but S. japonicus and S. colias had the same restriction sites at the ND5 amplicon and would not have been differentiated by this analysis. Similarly, loss of the Hae III site in some S. scombrus individuals would have misidentified them as not being Scomber. All the market products were correctly labeled except one acquired in Spain labeled as originating in the Atlantic and containing S. japonicus. 相似文献
15.
In this experiment, a feeding trial was performed to determine the effects of fructooligosaccharide (FOS) on growth performance, digestive enzyme activity and immune response of Japanese sea bass, Lateolabrax japonicus juveniles (initial weight 38.3 ± 0.5 g), and the fish were examined following feeding with six levels of FOS (0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4 and 6 g/kg) for 28 days. Significant enhancement of weight gain (WG) and specific growth rate (SGR) was found in fish fed 1 g/kg FOS incorporated diets (p < .05), while the feed conversion ratio (FCR) in the 1, 2 g/kg FOS groups reduced significantly compared with the control (p < .05). Besides, the crude lipid in the 4, 6 g/kg FOS groups increased significantly compared with the control (p < .05). On the other hand, the erepsin and lipase activities significantly elevated in intestine of fish fed 2 g/kg FOS (p < .05) and the lysozyme activity in serum of fish fed 2 g/kg FOS were significantly higher than that in the control (p < .05). Moreover, the alkaline phosphatase activities in serum of fish fed 0.5, 1, 2 g/kg FOS were significantly higher than in control (p < .05). Regression analysis showed that the relationships between dietary FOS levels and either SGR, FCR, erepsin or lysozyme activities were best expressed by regression equations, and the optimal inclusion levels are 1.37, 1.80, 3.06, 3.11, 1.93 and 1.80 g/kg for SGR, FCR, erepsin, lipase, lysozyme and total superoxide dismutase activities, respectively. Overall, this study revealed that FOS incorporated diets could beneficial for L. japonicus culture in terms of increasing the growth, digestion and immune activities. Under the present experimental condition, the optimal supplementary level of FOS in the diet of L. japonicus is 1–3 g/kg. 相似文献
16.
Two gonadotropins (GtH; Qa and Qb) were purified by gel filtration and ion exchange chromatography from the pituitaries of Indian walking catfish (Clarias batrachus). The presence of GtH during purification was assessed by in vitro oocyte maturation and in vivo steroidogenic activity, and their identities were determined by elution profiles, molecular weight, biological activities and yield. The molecular weights of Qa and Qb were 37 and 42 kDa, respectively, and composed of distinct subunits (Qa: 20 and 14 kDa and Qb: 26 and 18 kDa). Polyclonal antibodies raised against Qa immunostained Qa, Qb and pituitary GtH cells. A competitive Qa‐ELISA was developed whose sensitivity was 6.25 ng mL?1 (1.25 ng well?1) with intra‐ (3.5%) and inter‐ (12.4%) assay coefficients of variation. Displacement curves parallel to the standard were obtained with plasma and pituitary extracts of catfish, Qb and carp GtHII. The assay was validated by measuring the plasma Qa levels after LHRH treatment and in relation to ovarian growth in the female catfish during different reproductive phases. Based on the results, Qa and Qb corresponded to fish LH and FSH respectively. The findings will increase the knowledge of the mechanisms controlling fish reproduction and identification of sensitive phases in fish in captivity for hormonal manipulation. 相似文献
17.
Controlled infection of Poecilia reticulata Peters (guppy) with Tetrahymena by immersion and intraperitoneal injection 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 G Sharon M Pimenta‐Leibowitz M C L Vilchis N Isakov D Zilberg 《Journal of fish diseases》2015,38(1):67-74
Tetrahymena is a protozoan parasite, which infects guppy, Poecilia reticulata Peters, and causes substantial economical losses in commercial farms worldwide. Studies of guppy infected by Tetrahymena require standardized infection protocols. The LD50 for Tetrahymena infection of guppies by intraperitoneal (IP) injection was calibrated, and the level obtained was 946 parasites per fish. Guppy infection with Tetrahymena by immersion, imitating the natural route of infection via the integument, was studied under normal or stress conditions. Exposure to cold and netting (CNI) and to cold only (CI) followed by immersion exposure to 10 000 Tetrahymena per mL resulted in 22.5% and 19.2% mortality, respectively, as compared to 14.2% and 10% in groups that were netted only (NI) or non‐stressed (I). Histopathology revealed that immersion infection resulted in a systemic infection. Lysozyme levels, measured 3 weeks after infection, were significantly higher in the CNI group (288 μg per mg protein) compared with CI‐, NI‐ and I‐treated groups (94.5, 64 and 62.3 μg mg?1, respectively). There was no evident parasite immobilization activity in body homogenates, suggesting no development of acquired immunity. Re‐infection by IP injection revealed no increase in protection in any of the treatment groups, mortality range of 56.3–75%, higher than in the non‐exposed control (40.6% mortality). 相似文献
18.
19.
Qin-Cheng Huang Di‐Gen Qin Bei‐Ping Tan Tao Du Yuan-Zhi Yang Qi-hui Yang Shu‐Yan Chi Xiao-hui Dong 《Aquaculture Research》2020,51(2):816-827
A 5 × 3 factorial growth trial was conducted to evaluate optimal dietary protein and lipid levels (dietary protein level, DP; dietary lipid level, DL) for juvenile Sillago sihama (S. sihama) (2.0 ± 0.02 g, initial weight). Fish were fed 15 diets containing 5 DPs (350, 400, 450, 500 and 550 g/kg) and 3 DLs (60, 90 and 120 g/kg) for 8 weeks. The interaction between proteins and lipids significantly influenced the feed conversion ratio, condition factor, body composition, antioxidant indices and lipase activity (p < .05). DP 450 g/kg showed the highest average final body weight. DPs 500 and 550 g/kg significantly decreased the protein efficiency ratio (p < .05). DL 120 g/kg showed the highest percentage weight gain. The low feed conversion ratio was found in diets P45L12, P55L9 and P55L12. Diet P45L12 showed high superoxide dismutase activities. DP 450 g/kg showed the lowest average malondialdehyde content. Lipase activity was increased by increasing DP (p < .05) with a fall at DP 550 g/kg. Under the present experimental conditions, the optimal DP for S. sihama was 450 g/kg under the DL 120 g/kg. 相似文献
20.
Cholecalciferol (Vitamin D3) increased plasma inorganic phosphate concentration in American eels,Anguilla rostrata, in a dose-dependent fashion. This response was more marked in phosphate loaded fish. In control as well as phosphate loaded
eels the hyperphosphatemic response to D3 was associated with a sharp reduction in renal phosphate clearance relative to14C-polyethelene glycol (PEG) clearance. Glomerular filtration and urine flow rates were not affected by D3. As renal phosphate clearance, even in phosphate loaded eels, never significantly exceeded that of PEG, it is suggested that
D3 reduced the relative clearance rate of phosphate by increasing renal phosphate reabsorption rather than by reducing the tubular
secretion of phosphate. 相似文献