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四川地区猪源致病性大肠杆菌的分离鉴定与耐药性检测 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
为了解四川地区猪源大肠杆菌的耐药情况,本试验对2015～2017年四川地区40个猪场的125个病猪样本进行了大肠杆菌的分离鉴定和耐药性检测。结果共分离到37株致病性大肠杆菌,采用K-B纸片法进行药敏试验,发现37株致病性大肠杆菌对恩诺沙星、四环素、阿莫西林、复方新诺明、氨苄西林、庆大霉素、强力霉素的耐药性强,耐药率高于80%,对四环素的耐药率甚至达到了100%;对阿米卡星有较高的敏感性,耐药率为13.5%;所有菌株的多重耐药率高达100%,表明四川地区猪源大肠杆菌的耐药性强、耐药谱广。 相似文献
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《山东畜牧兽医》2015,(11)
了解规模化养禽场的大肠杆菌耐药情况,为合理选择抗生素提供参考。对山东、河北等地2013~2014年送检病禽进行细菌分离鉴定,对获得的大肠杆菌用17种药物进行敏感性试验。结果表明:在分离鉴定的28株大肠杆菌中,有27株对17种药物存在不同程度的耐药性。其中,对氨苄西林、氯霉素高度耐药,分别为96.43%和89.29%;对阿米卡星、多粘菌素和加替沙星耐药率较低分别为32.14%、35.71%和42.86%,对舒巴坦钠与氨苄西林、头孢曲松、头孢克洛、头孢呋辛、头孢噻肟的组合物耐药率最低,为7.14%。研究发现大肠杆菌分离株的耐药性较为严重,应高度重视对大肠杆菌的耐药性跟踪监测并根据药敏结果筛选合适的药物。 相似文献
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对豫北地区临床分离的106株鸡源大肠杆菌进行分离、纯化、鉴定、MICS值测定。试验结果表明,鸡源大肠杆菌对氨苄西林的耐药率高达100%,对氨苄西林/舒巴坦复方制剂的耐药率有所降低,为77.36%。豫北地区鸡源大肠杆菌对氨苄西林及其复方制剂的耐药性严重状况不容忽视。本试验基本能反映目前河南省的鸡源大肠杆菌对抗菌药物氨苄西林及其复方制剂的敏感情况,为本省集约化养鸡场和个体养殖户针对大肠杆菌的防治选药提供了参考。 相似文献
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对豫北地区临床分离的106株鸡源大肠杆菌进行分离、纯化、鉴定、MICS值测定.试验结果表明,鸡源大肠杆菌对氨苄西林的耐药率高达100%,对氨苄西林/舒巴坦复方制剂的耐药率有所降低,为77.36%.豫北地区鸡源大肠杆菌对氨苄西林及其复方制剂的耐药性严重状况不容忽视.本试验基本能反映目前河南省的鸡源大肠杆菌对抗菌药物氨苄西林及其复方制剂的敏感情况,为本省集约化养鸡场和个体养殖户针对大肠杆菌的防治选药提供了参考. 相似文献
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《中国兽医杂志》2019,(4)
为了分析实验小鼠粪便中致病性病原微生物分布与耐药性,本试验从某市的实验小鼠养殖基地采集粪便样品120份,采用常规的细菌鉴定方法、致病性试验、K-B药敏纸片法对采集的粪便样品进行细菌分离鉴定、致病性及耐药性进行检测与分析.结果显示,从120份样品中分离了25株致病性大肠杆菌、24株致病性沙门菌、20株致病性志贺菌;分离的24株致病性沙门菌对氨苄西林、阿莫西林、青霉素等10种药物的耐药率在50.0%以上,对其他药物耐药率在16.7%～37.5%之间;分离的20株致病性志贺菌对氨苄西林、阿莫西林、青霉素等10种药物耐药率在65.0%以上,对其他药物的耐药率在10.0%～35.0%之间;分离的25株致病性大肠杆菌对氨苄西林、阿莫西林、青霉素等9种药物耐药率在60.0%以上,对其他药物耐药率在12.0%～48.0%之间。说明了实验小鼠粪便中分离的大肠杆菌、沙门菌、志贺菌具有很强的致病性,且存在严重的耐药性。 相似文献
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长春地区猪源大肠杆菌的分离鉴定和耐药性分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了解吉林省长春地区猪源大肠杆菌的耐药情况,于2013年采集318份猪源样品,分离鉴定大肠杆菌275株。以氨苄西林、头孢噻肟等15种药物进行了药物敏感性实验,多重 PCR 方法进行系统进化分群。结果表明,大肠杆菌分离株对四环素、氨苄西林和磺胺甲基异恶唑耐药最严重（83.63%、52.72%、51.27%）,全部菌株对美洛培南、多粘菌素敏感,其中176 株菌表现为对3类以上抗生素的多重耐药（64.00%）。从仔猪腹泻样品分离大肠杆菌对β-内酰胺类抗生素、喹诺酮类抗生素、四环素、氯霉素及磺胺甲基异恶唑的耐药率显著高于健康猪和猪肉样品分离株的耐药率。大肠杆菌分离株主要为 A 群和 B1群。研究获得了吉林长春地区猪源大肠杆菌耐药性的基本流行病学数据,为指导养殖业的临床用药及耐药性监测提供了依据。 相似文献
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为了分析邵阳地区宠物犬源致病性大肠杆菌的血清型与耐药性,采用细菌分离鉴定的方法对38家宠物医院中无菌采集的87份腹泻宠物犬肛拭子及粪便样品进行大肠杆菌分离鉴定,采用人工感染动物试验、玻板凝集试验和K-B药敏纸片法分别检测分离菌株的致病性、血清型及耐药性。结果显示:分离得到了49株大肠杆菌,其中34株为致病性;34株致病性大肠杆菌分离株属于9种血清型,以O_2、O_9、O_(13)和O_(20)为主要的优势血清型;34株致病性大肠杆菌分离株对阿莫西林、氨苄西林、美罗培南等4种药物耐药率在82.4%～94.1%之间,对丁胺卡那、头孢他啶、恩诺沙星等6种药物的耐药率在41.2%～79.4%之间,对头孢曲松、头孢噻肟耐药率在14.7%～23.5%之间。研究结果为该地区宠物犬大肠杆菌病防治提供参考。 相似文献
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《四川畜牧兽医》2020,(9)
为了解西昌地区猪源肠外致病性大肠杆菌的耐药情况,本试验对2016～2018年西昌地区21个猪场的106个病猪样本进行了大肠杆菌的分离鉴定和耐药性检测。通过培养特性、染色特点和形态观察以及PCR鉴定、致病性试验,共分离到28株肠外致病性大肠杆菌。采用K-B纸片法进行药敏试验,结果显示28株致病性大肠杆菌对阿莫西林、氨苄西林、强力霉素、四环素、庆大霉素、复方新诺明耐药严重,耐药率高于85%,对阿米卡星和头孢喹肟保持较高的敏感性,耐药率分别为14.3%和10.7%。28株大肠杆菌的多重耐药率高达100%,表明西昌地区猪源肠外致病性大肠杆菌的耐药性强、耐药谱广。 相似文献
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The ability of feed related measures to prevent or reduce post weaning diarrhoea (PWD) was examined in a split litter study including 30 pigs from 6 litters allotted into 5 groups. Four groups were exposed to 3 pathogenic strains of E. coli via the environment at weaning. Three of them were given zinc oxide, lactose+fibres or non-pathogenic strains of E. coil as probiotics. The challenged and the unchallenged control groups were given a standard creep feed. Diarrhoea was observed in all challenged groups but not among uninfected animals, and the incidence of diarrhoea was lower in the group given nonpathogenic E. coli compared to all other challenged groups. The severity of PWD also differed between litters. When corrected for mortality due to PWD, a decreased incidence of diarrhoea was also seen in the groups given zinc oxide or lactose+fibres. The dominating serotype of E. coil within faecal samples varied from day to day, also among diarrhoeic pigs, indicating that diarrhoea was not induced by one single serotype alone. The diversity of the faecal coliform populations decreased in all piglets during the first week post weaning, coinciding with an increased similarity between these populations among pigs in the challenged groups. This indicated an influence of the challenge strains, which ceased during the second week. The group given lactose+fibres was least affected with respect to these parameters. In conclusion feed related measures may alleviate symptoms of PWD. 相似文献
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本试验旨在了解屠宰前鸡、猪源食品动物体内大肠杆菌耐药情况,分析潜在的食品安全问题。从广州市畜禽交易市场随机采集待屠宰鸡和猪的粪便样品,分离鉴定大肠杆菌,并采用琼脂稀释法检测大肠杆菌对15种抗菌药物的敏感性。结果显示,从658份猪源样品和133份鸡源样品中共分离鉴定出731株大肠杆菌,其中猪源606株,鸡源125株。药敏试验结果显示,731株大肠杆菌均表现出不同程度的耐药,耐药谱广且多重耐药现象严重。对复方新诺明和四环素的耐药率为90.0%以上,仅对头孢西丁、黏菌素和阿米卡星较敏感(耐药率均低于3%)。鸡源大肠杆菌对头孢噻肟、头孢曲松、新霉素、阿米卡星、萘啶酸和环丙沙星的耐药率显著高于猪源大肠杆菌(P＜0.05)。鸡源大肠杆菌中3耐及3耐以上的菌株占97.60%,猪源大肠杆菌占94.72%。结果表明,屠宰前畜禽体内大肠杆菌对临床常用抗菌药物的耐药性非常严重,以多重耐药为主,且耐药谱丰富多样。提示屠宰前畜禽携带的耐药菌对食品安全和人类健康存在较大的安全隐患。 相似文献
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Schröer U Kaspar H Wallmann J 《Berliner und Münchener tier?rztliche Wochenschrift》2007,120(9-10):431-441
National Resistance Monitoring of the Federal Office of Consumer Protection and Food Safety (BVL), which was put into service in 2001, has made it possible to implement a valid and representative database on the basis of which the resistance situation, development and spread in animal pathogens can be evaluated. Escherichia coil (E. coli) strains originating from calves and pigs suffering from enteritis were first included in the investigations in the 2004/2005 study. A total of 258 bovine and 492 porcine E. coli strains were tested using the broth microdilution method to determine the in vitro susceptibility (minimum inhibitory concentration) to 23 (fattening pigs) and 28 (calves, piglets, weaners) different antimicrobial substances. Considerable prevalences of resistance were found for some antimicrobials. The strains originating from both animal species displayed high prevalences of resistance for tetracycline, trimethoprim, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, doxycycline and ampicillin. Reduced susceptibility was detected particularly in the E. coli strains from calves. The data reveal that the resistance level of E. coli strains isolated from cases of enteric disease in calves and pigs is altogether higher than has so far been reported in pathogens causing different diseases and in other food-producing animal species. Based on the results presented, it is possible to assess the current resistance situation for E. coli strains in calves and pigs in Germany. This in turn helps to deduce the necessary management measures that can be taken in order to minimise resistance to antibiotics. Furthermore, the data help to decide on adequate therapy of E. coli infections of the intestinal tract in calves and pigs and encourage the responsible use of antibiotics in the interests of animal health and consumer protection. 相似文献
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Schlegelová J Babák V Klímová E Lukásová J Navrátilová P Sustácková A Sedivá I Rysánek D 《Journal of veterinary medicine. B, Infectious diseases and veterinary public health》2002,49(5):216-225
The prevalence of strains of Staphylococcus aureus, coagulase-negative (CN) staphylococci, Listeria monocytogenes, Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis, E. faecium and Bacillus cereus, was investigated in 111 bulk milk samples. Staphylococcus aureus was isolated from 38 samples, CN staphylococci from 63 samples, E. coli from 49 samples, E. faecalis or E. faecium from 107 samples, and L. monocytogenes from two samples. Bacillus cereus was not found in any of the samples and three samples were free of any of the selected species. Sensitivity to the anti-microbial drugs amikacin, ampicillin, ampicillin + sulbactam, cephalothin (CLT), cephotaxime, clindamycin, chloramphenicol (CMP), co-trimoxazole, erythromycin (ERY), gentamicin, neomycin, norfloxacin, oxacillin, penicillin, streptomycin (STR), tetracycline (TTC) and vancomycin was tested using the standard dilution technique. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) characteristics (MIC50, MIC90, MIC range) were determined for each microbial species. Resistance against one or more anti-microbial drugs was found in 93% of S. aureus, 40% of CN staphylococci, 73% of E. coli, 88% of E.faecalis, 55% of E.faecium, and one L. monocytogenes strain. Most of the strains, particularly enterococci, were resistant to STR, TTC, and ERY (MIC50 4 microg/ml). A high percentage of staphylococci were resistant to beta-lactam antibiotics. High resistance to CLT was found in 11 strains of E. coli (MIC 256 microg/ml) and strains resistant to CMP (MIC90 16 microg/ml) were detected. The highest numbers of resistance phenotypes were found in E. coil (16) and CN staphylococci (12). Eighteen identical resistance phenotypes were demonstrated in indicator bacteria (E. coli, E. faecalis, E. faecium) and pathogens (S. aureus, CN staphylococci) isolated from the same bulk milk sample. The obtained resistance data were matched against the herd owners' information on therapeutic use of the drugs. This confrontation could not explain the findings of strains resistant to ERY or CMP. Our findings are evidence of selection of resistant strains among not only pathogenic agents, but also among indicator bacteria which can become significant carriers of transmissible resistance genes. 相似文献
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Seung-Kwon Ha Changsun Choi Chanhee Chae 《Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation》2003,15(4):378-381
A total of 604 Escherichia coli strains isolated from weaned pigs with diarrhea or edema disease on 653 swine farms were screened for the presence of the adhesin involved in diffuse adherence (AIDA) gene by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Escherichia coli isolates that carried AIDA genes were also tested by PCR for the detection of 5 fimbriae (F4, F5, F6, F18, and F41), 3 heat-stable (STa, STb, and EAST1) and 1 heat-labile (LT) enterotoxin, and Shiga toxin 2e (Stx2e) genes. Forty-five (7.5%) of the 604 E. coli isolates carried the gene for AIDA. Of these 45 isolates, 5 (11.1%) carried EAST1 genes only, 1 (2.2%) carried genes for at least one of the fimbrial adhesins, 12 (26.7%) carried genes for at least one of the toxins, and 27 (60%) carried genes for at least one of the fimbrial adhesins and toxins. Fifty-one percent of strains that carried AIDA genes carried Stx2e genes, and 40% of strains that carried AIDA genes carried F18ab. The isolation rate of enterotoxigenic E. coli strain carrying genes for AIDA was 87%, and the isolation rate of Shiga toxin-producing E. coil strain carrying genes for AIDA was 49%. AIDA may represent an important virulence determinant in pigs with postweaning diarrhea or edema disease. 相似文献
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In order to explore specific candidate gene of antigens and diagnostics development for the bovine ephemeral fever virus (BEFV), the target gene sequences were derived from G gene by PCR amplification using two specific primers.The PCR products were digested by Xho Ⅰ and Nde Ⅰ and cloned into pET-30 vector, and the recombinant plasmids (480-pET-30, 1107-pET-30) were transformed into E.coil BL21 (DE3) cells, the D600 nm of positive strains were 0.6 to 1.0.The recombinant strains were induced by IPTG (1.0 mmol/L) at 37 ℃.The characteristics of the target proteins were analyzed using SDS-PAGE and the immunogenicity was analyzed through Western blotting.At the same time, the target proteins were used as coating antigens to do ELISA and all rabbits were inoculated with recombinant proteins.The results showed that the expression feature of 1 107 bp gene fragment of G gene for the first time was segmented in vitro as well as has nicer biological activity and specificity, and it more be suitable as a candidate gene for molecular vaccine and diagnostics development.This study provided the theoretical foundation of the establishment of diagnostics technique and vaccine for BEFV. 相似文献
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为探索可用来开发牛流行热病毒(bovine ephemeral fever virus,BEFV)疫苗和诊断试剂的候选基因,本研究针对BEFV糖蛋白(G)基因设计了2对特异性引物,用PCR方法扩增基因片段,PCR产物经Xho Ⅰ和Nde Ⅰ双酶切后亚克隆到表达载体pET-30上,将鉴定正确的重组质粒(480-pET-30、1107-pET-30)转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)感受态细胞,培养阳性菌株D600 nm值为0.6~1.0,37 ℃下用1.0 mmol/L IPTG诱导表达目的蛋白,将其纯化之后进行SDS-PAGE和Western blotting免疫原性分析。同时,应用间接ELISA、动物免疫试验及交叉反应试验对目的蛋白进行分析。结果表明,首次发现的1 107 bp基因片段是分段表达的,具有很好的生物活性和特异性,更适合作为开发疫苗和诊断试剂的候选基因,为今后建立BEFV的血清学诊断方法及疫苗研发提供了理论基础。 相似文献
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Ninety E. coli strains, isolated from piglets which had died from neonatal diarrhea, were tested for the presence of K88, K99, 987P and type 1 fimbriae. Two or more types of fimbriae were demonstrated in 14 of the strains, a single fimbria! type in 44 strains while in 32 strains no fimbriae were detected. Of the 14 E. coli strains with more than 1 type of fimbriae, 12;, 10, 8 and 4 strains showed K88, K99, 987P and type 1, respectively.Twelve E. coli strains were isolated from piglets which had died in the neonatal period without showing signs of neonatal diarrhea at necropsy. One strain showed 987P and 3 strains showed type 1 fimbriae, while the remaining 8 strains were unfimbriated.Sixteen fimbriated E. coli strains were subcultured in order to examine the stability of fimbrial expression in the strains. The K88 and the type 1 fimbriae were regularly expressed, while the K99 and 987P were inconsistently demonstrated. 相似文献
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These experiments determined the ability of Escherichia coli O157:H7 to colonize and persist in pigs simultaneously inoculated with other pathogenic E. coli strains. Three-months-old pigs were inoculated with a mixture of five E. coli strains. The mixture included two Shiga toxigenic E. coli (STEC) O157:H7 strains, two enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) strains and one enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) strain. A high dose mixture with all five strains at 10(10)CFU/animal (CFU: colony forming units) and a low dose mixture with the STEC strains at 10(7)CFU and the EPEC and ETEC strains remaining at 10(10)CFU were used. The STEC strains persisted in the alimentary tracts of some pigs at 2 months post-inoculation, following inoculation with both the high and low dose mixtures. When all strains were given at 10(10)CFU (high dose) the STEC strains persisted in greater numbers and in more pigs than did the other E. coli strains. The results demonstrated that persistent colonization (> or =2 months) by E. coli O157:H7 can occur in pigs. These findings were similar to those reported from sheep inoculated with the same mixture of E. coli strains. The results are consistent with reports suggesting that pigs have the potential to be reservoir hosts for STEC O157:H7. 相似文献