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1.
为调查犬源大肠杆菌氨基糖苷类药物4种耐药基因的携带情况,探讨氨基糖苷类耐药表型与耐药基因的相关性,本试验选用氨基糖苷类代表药物庆大霉素、阿米卡星、大观霉素和妥布霉素进行药敏试验,参照相关文献用已建立的检测氨基糖苷类4种主要耐药基因的PCR方法对分离鉴定的156株犬源大肠杆菌进行分子检测。随机选取4种耐药基因阳性进行克隆测序并对药敏试验结果和耐药基因检测结果进行比较分析。结果显示,犬源大肠杆菌对庆大霉素、妥布霉素、大观霉素和阿米卡星的耐药率分别为55.8%、32.7%、25.0%和20.5%;所检大肠杆菌4种耐药基因aacC2、aphA3、aadA和aacC4的检出率依次为55.8%、26.3%、23.1%和9.0%。两株携带4种耐药基因,8株携带了3种耐药基因,携带两种或两种以上耐药基因菌株数占总菌株的40.4%(63/156)。序列分析结果表明,犬源大肠杆菌扩增产物与GenBank中的相应序列同源性较高。犬源大肠杆菌氨基糖苷类耐药基因以aacC2为主,耐药率与耐药基因的符合率基本呈正相关。 相似文献
2.
本试验旨在确定新疆石河子地区某牛场因呼吸系统疾病导致犊牛死亡的细菌性病原,并对分离病原进行系统进化分类、耐药表型和耐药基因分析。采用细菌常规分离结合全自动生化分析系统对分离株进行分离鉴定,采用纸片法和PCR方法对分离株进行系统分群、药敏表型及耐药基因的分析。从患病犊牛肺脏、肝脏及淋巴结组织分离鉴定出6株致病性大肠杆菌,6株分离株均呈多重耐药现象,其中对青霉素、阿莫西林、头孢唑啉、头孢拉定、链霉素、庆大霉素、氟苯尼考、替考拉宁、克林霉素、美罗培南、四环素和妥布霉素的耐药率高达100%。氨基糖苷类耐药基因aacC2、β-内酰胺类耐药基因blaCTX-M和blaTEM、四环素类耐药基因tetA、喹诺酮类耐药基因gyrA、磺胺类耐药基因sul2携带率分别为66.67%、83.3%、66.7%、100%、100%和100%。结果表明,新疆石河子某牛场发生呼吸道感染死亡犊牛细菌性病原是大肠杆菌,且表现较强的多重耐药现象,分离株携带更为丰富的耐药基因。 相似文献
3.
本研究旨在明确犊牛腹泻源性大肠杆菌的耐药情况、强毒力岛（HPI）标志基因及相关基因的携带情况，以及大肠杆菌分离株与HPI携带的关系。采集犊牛病理性腹泻样本158份，采用麦康凯培养基和伊红美蓝培养基进行筛选，镜检符合大肠杆菌形态的进行VITEK 2 Compact生化鉴定和PCR鉴定，采用K-B纸片法对大肠杆菌分离株进行药敏试验，应用PCR方法进行分离株HPI相关基因携带情况的检测。结果显示，共分离得到75株大肠杆菌，分离株对阿莫西林、哌拉西林、氨苄西林、头孢唑啉、氟苯尼考、恩诺沙星、四环素的耐药率均>90%，对头孢氨苄、头孢拉定、头孢曲松、环丙沙星、诺氟沙星和氧氟沙星的耐药率均≥ 60.00%，对阿米卡星较敏感，耐药率为9.33%；75株大肠杆菌全部耐3种以上药物，多重耐药（≥ 10）的菌株占85.33%，耐药谱集中在耐14~17种药物，5株对19种药物全部耐药。HPI标志基因irp2的阳性率为100%，其他相关基因fyuA、irp3、irp5、irp8和ytbA的检出率在66.00%以上。综上所述，宁夏地区犊牛腹泻源性大肠杆菌耐药普遍，多重耐药现象严重。 相似文献
4.
为深入了解畜禽粪污中金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠埃希氏菌的流行及耐药状况,采用建立的畜禽粪便中金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠埃希氏菌的环介导等温扩增技术（LAMP）检测方法对山东省内牛粪污、猪粪、鸡粪、鸭粪中的金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠埃希氏菌进行检测,进而对检测阳性样品进行分离,并对药敏试验中多重耐药性菌株进行耐药基因预测。结果表明,LAMP方法检测畜禽粪污中金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠埃希氏菌与国家标准方法检测结果符合率为100%,重复性好,特异性高。从80份畜禽粪污样品中分离到的3株金黄色葡萄球菌均对青霉素耐药;34株大肠埃希氏菌对氟苯尼考、利福平的耐药比例高于50%,高于25%以上的还有氨苄西林、四环素、多西环素、磺胺异噁唑、头孢噻吩和头孢噻呋;耐药基因预测结果显示,鸡粪、鸭粪、牛粪和猪粪中的4株大肠埃希氏菌分别携带10、8、20和15种耐药基因;鸡粪中的1株金黄色葡萄球菌携带11种耐药基因。说明山东地区畜禽粪污中金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠埃希氏菌耐药状况严峻,菌株普遍多重耐药,且携带多种耐药基因。 相似文献
5.
试验旨在了解山东地区乳房炎牛奶中大肠杆菌的污染状况及耐药情况。选择山东省3个地区的规模化奶牛场共采集227份牛奶样品，采用细菌学方法对大肠杆菌进行分离鉴定，用微量肉汤稀释法检测分离菌对11种常规抗菌药物的敏感性，采用PCR方法对常见的13种耐药基因、8种毒力基因和Ⅰ类整合子基因盒结构进行分析。结果显示，从227份牛奶样品中共分离出71株大肠杆菌；大肠杆菌对1种及1种以上抗菌药耐药的菌株达到77.5%，多重耐药率为15.5%，其中对多黏菌素耐药率为52.2%，对阿莫西林-克拉维酸耐药率为39.4%，而所有菌株均对新霉素表现为敏感。PCR检测耐药基因、毒力基因和Ⅰ类整合子结果显示，β-内酰胺类耐药基因中blaTEM基因携带率为100%，其中全部为blaTEM-1基因，blaCTX-M基因携带率为32.4%，其中主要为blaCTX-M-15基因，没有检测到blaSHV、blaOXA基因；多黏菌素的耐药基因mcr-1携带率为29.6%；喹诺酮类耐药基因中aac（6'）-Ⅰb-cr基因携带率为29.6%，qnrB基因携带率为20.8%，没有检测到qnrA和qnrC耐药基因；对8种毒力基因检测分析结果显示，仅Hly毒力基因没有被检出，Ecs3703、Irp2基因的检出率较高，分别为90.1%和63.4%，71株大肠杆菌中共有11株携带Ⅰ类整合子，检出率为15.5%，11株大肠杆菌携带6种耐药基因盒结构，最主要的耐药基因盒排列为dfr17-aadA5。本研究结果表明，山东地区乳房炎牛奶中大肠杆菌的耐药现象严重，携带毒力基因Ecs3703、Irp2的大肠杆菌可能是引起奶牛乳房炎的致病菌，Ⅰ类整合子的检测在细菌耐药性与基因携带率方面发挥着关键作用，可为临床预防和治疗奶牛乳房炎大肠杆菌病提供理论依据。 相似文献
6.
ZHI Chan-ping GUO Xiao-ting YAO Xu GUO Ze-wen WU Sheng-jun YI Ling-xian CHENG Bang-zhao WANG Jun-jun LIU Jian-hua 《中国畜牧兽医》2015,42(12):3351-3357
To determine the drug resistance of E.coli strains from swine and chicken in organic farm,collection of stool specimens was conducted in one organic farm in Conghua city,Guangdong province in 2014,in which 118 E.coli strains were separated,including 55 from chicken and 63 from swine.The sensitivity of the E.coli strains from swine and chicken to 18 kinds of drugs was detected through agar dilution method.Similar properties in drug resistance were observed both in E.coli strains from swine and chicken in the same organic farm.In consideration of the resistance rate,samples were relatively sensitive to ceftazidime,cefquinome,cefoxitin,amikacin,apramycin,gentamicin,neomycin,florfenicol,chloramphenicol,imipenem,ciprofloxacin and olaquindox (chicken 0 to 21.8%;swine 0 to 14.3%).These isolates showed moderate resistance to ampicillin and streptomycin (chicken 29.1% to 38.2%;swine 23.8% to 27.0%).About 56.4% chicken isolates and 47.6% swine isolates showed resistant to more than 3 kinds of drugs.However,severe resistance was observed in trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole,tetracyclineand and doxycycline (chicken 45.5%,76.4% and 72.7%;swine 50.8%,81.0% and 68.3%).The results also indicated that under organic farming mode,the drug resistance rates of E.coli strains from swine and chicken were relatively low in general.Multi-drug resistance existed but was relatively slight.Although the drug resistance rate to several specific antimicrobials was high,it was still lower than that in conventional farms.Since most studies focused on the drug resistance of the bacteria under conventional farming model,this study filled the blank of the research of drug resistance under organic farming model. 相似文献
7.
有机农场鸡、猪源大肠杆菌耐药性研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了解有机养殖模式下鸡、猪源大肠杆菌的耐药情况,2014年从广东从化某有机农场鸡、猪粪便中采集并分离出118株大肠杆菌,包括55株鸡源大肠杆菌和63株猪源大肠杆菌,采用琼脂稀释法测定大肠杆菌对18种抗菌药的敏感性。结果发现,同一有机农场中,鸡源大肠杆菌与猪源大肠杆菌在耐药种类及耐药率上均呈现相似规律,对头孢他啶、头孢喹肟、头孢噻肟、头孢西丁、阿米卡星、安普霉素、庆大霉素、新霉素、氟苯尼考、氯霉素、亚胺培南、环丙沙星、喹乙醇等较敏感(鸡0~21.8%,猪0~14.3%),对氨苄西林、链霉素呈现轻度耐药(鸡29.1%~38.2%,猪23.8%~27.0%),对复方新诺明、四环素、多西环素呈现较严重耐药(鸡45.5%、76.4%和72.7%,猪50.8%、81.0%和68.3%)。鸡源大肠杆菌中3耐及3耐以上的菌株占56.4%,猪源大肠杆菌占47.6%。结果表明有机养殖模式下鸡、猪源大肠杆菌耐药率相对较低,多重耐药现象存在但相对轻微,对个别临床常用抗菌药耐药率虽较严重但比常规养殖场低。由于目前国内大部分学者致力于研究常规养殖方式下细菌耐药情况,本研究很好地填补了有机养殖模式下畜禽大肠杆菌耐药性研究的空白。 相似文献
8.
CAO Min TAN Ai-juan LV Shi-ming CHANG Xin DING Chang-qing CHEN Ting WANG Zhen-yan 《中国畜牧兽医》2016,43(4):1098-1104
To find out the drug resistance and the distribution and prevalence of ESBLs genotypes of E.coli strains on scale pig farms in Guizhou, the antimicrobial susceptibility of 164 E.coli strains were determined.And the genotype of ESBLs was identified and determined by CLSI standard method, DNA was amplified and the 4 genotypes of drug resistance plasmid of ESBLs were analyzed by PCR.The results showed that the drug resistance rates of 164 E.coli strains to ten kinds of antimicrobial agents were ceftiofur 93.29%, ampicillin 87.19%, tetracycline 86.59%, gentamicin 81.10%, streptomycin 53.66%, polymyxin 51.83%, ciprofloxacin 53.05%, kanamycin 47.56%, chlortetracycline 34.76% and florfenicol 21.95%, respectively, and most of them were multiple drug resistance strains, during which there were 137 strains ESBLs positive, detection rate was 83.54%, and the detection rates of 4 regions were different.The detection rates of TEM, CTX-M-1, SHV and OXA-1 genes of 137 ESBLs-producing E.coli strains were 90.51%, 70.07%, 51.82% and 43.07%, respectively.And the detection rates were various in 4 regions.The results showed that the drug resistance of E.coli strains from scale pig farms was serious in Guizhou, and the detection rate of ESBLs strains was very high, the drug resistance gene detection rate was extremely high, and most drug resistance strains were the composite genotype drug resistant.To prevent and cure colibacillosis in veterinary clinic effectively, we should reinforce monitoring and studying about the ESBLs-producing drug resistance bacteria. 相似文献
9.
贵州部分地区猪源大肠杆菌耐药性分析及ESBLs基因型检测 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
为了解贵州地区规模养猪场大肠杆菌菌株耐药情况和ESBLs基因型的流行情况,试验采用CLSI推荐的方法对采自贵州省4个地区规模养猪场的164株大肠杆菌进行药物敏感性试验和产ESBLs菌的检测,并用PCR方法对TEM、SHV、OXA-1和CTX-M-1 4种常见ESBLs基因进行检测。结果显示,164株大肠杆菌对10种常用抗菌药物耐药率分别是头孢噻呋93.29%、氨苄西林87.19%、四环素86.59%、庆大霉素81.10%、链霉素53.66%、多黏菌素51.83%、环丙沙星53.05%、卡那霉素47.56%、金霉素34.76%和氟苯尼考21.95%,且大多为多重耐药,其中检测出ESBLs阳性菌株137株,阳性率为83.54%,各个地区的检出率不同;137株产ESBLs大肠杆菌中,TEM、SHV、OXA-1和CTX-M-1基因的检出率分别为90.51%、70.07%、51.82%和43.07%,且多为复合基因型耐药菌株,各地区的各种基因检出率不同。试验结果表明,贵州部分地区的猪源大肠杆菌耐药现象严重,ESBLs菌株的检出率很高,耐药基因的检出率也极高,且多为复合基因型耐药菌株,应加强当地产酶耐药菌的监测和研究,有效防制此类细菌引发的疾病。 相似文献
10.
【目的】 研究致病性大肠杆菌携带原噬菌体的比例、原噬菌体携带毒力基因及耐药基因的情况,了解致病性大肠杆菌中原噬菌体对菌株的耐药性与毒力的影响,保证噬菌体生产菌的生物安全性,为大肠杆菌噬菌体的基础研究与应用提供借鉴。【方法】 从NCBI中下载大肠杆菌全基因组信息,通过在线网站预测大肠杆菌中携带的原噬菌体数目,并分析原噬菌体的GC含量、基因组大小、占细菌基因组比例等基因组特征及完整型原噬菌体的类型,对原噬菌体做初步分类,统计分析完整型原噬菌体中携带耐药基因数目、耐药表型、耐药机制与毒力基因数目、毒力基因家族分布等。【结果】 112株大肠杆菌携带完整型原噬菌体1 024个,疑似型原噬菌体287个,缺陷型原噬菌体505个。1 024个完整型原噬菌体中,多数与长尾噬菌体相似,占70.21%（719/1 024）;共有63种噬菌体类型,其中BP4795（登录号：NC_004813.1）类型的占比最高,达到19.24%（197/1 024）,其次是DE3（登录号：NC_042057.1）,占比11.72%（120/1 024）。大肠杆菌携带原噬菌体的GC含量在38%~57%之间,基因组大小为3.1~152.6 kb,其中80 kb以内的原噬菌体占97.03%（1 762/1 816）。1 024个完整型原噬菌体中携带耐药基因占比为6.35%（65/1 024）,共携带耐药基因253个,分别来自11个抗生素耐药基因家族;携带一个或多个毒力基因的完整性原噬菌体占42.78%（438/1 024）,共携带毒力基因1 274个,分别来自9个不同毒力因子家族,平均每个完整型原噬菌体携带毒力基因2.9个。【结论】 大肠杆菌普遍携带原噬菌体,原噬菌体中部分携带耐药基因与毒力基因,在实际应用中应充分评估其风险,防止原噬菌体造成的耐药基因与毒力基因在菌株之间的转移。 相似文献
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旨在了解陕西省部分地区腹泻羊源致病性大肠杆菌(E. coli)耐药性及毒力基因携带情况,本研究从10个养殖场采集54份腹泻羊拭子样品,经分离纯化、生化鉴定及16S rRNA基因序列分析,共分离得到50株E. coli,对分离菌进行药敏试验、耐药基因及毒力基因检测。结果显示,分离菌对氨苄西林、氟苯尼考和磺胺异噁唑耐药率达90%以上,且98%(49/50)为多重耐药菌,对8~11种抗生素耐药的菌株占68%(34/50),仅对美罗培南敏感。所有菌株均携带1~6种不同的耐药基因,其中,Sul1(64%)、TetA(34%)、blaCTX-M(32%)携带率较高,未检测到blaSHV。有5株产ESBLs的E. coli携带mcr-1耐药基因。毒力基因检测结果显示,98%(49/50)的菌株携带毒力基因,其中,etrA检出率最高,为80%(40/50)。综上表明,陕西省羊源E. coli多重耐药情况严峻,β-内酰胺类耐药基因与耐药表型不符,提示可能存在其他耐药机制,同时,分离菌具有复杂的毒力谱。本研究为陕西省羊源致病性E. coli感染的防控提供科学依据。 相似文献
12.
为了解土鸡屠宰过程中大肠杆菌污染、毒力基因携带及耐药情况，2018年9月-2019年1月在重庆万州、开州、巫溪、奉节4个区县的12个土鸡屠宰地点采集了319份样品，通过菌落形态及显微镜观察、生化鉴定、PCR、药敏试验等方法鉴定分离的大肠杆菌，检测其毒力基因携带和耐药性情况。结果表明：大肠杆菌分离率为22.57%（72/319），其中餐馆、活禽宰杀铺和定点屠宰点分离率依次为29.73%（22/74）、25.00%（24/96）和17.45%（26/149），污水、地面、羽毛、用具和胴体分离率依次为75.00%（18/24）、21.62%（8/37）、20.54%（23/112）、17.65%（6/34）和15.18%（17/112）；11种毒力基因中除estA、estB、elt外均被检出，检出率为58.33%（42/72），共检出14种组合型，有4株分离株4种毒力基因同时存在；分离株对阿米卡星、头孢噻肟最敏感，多重耐药比为90.28%（65/72），以7~10重耐药居多。土鸡屠宰过程中致病性大肠杆菌污染风险高，多重耐药现象严重，应重视养殖合理用药及屠宰卫生环境。 相似文献
13.
To investigate the aerotransmission of Escherichia coli (E.coli) carrying the plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) genes,airborne E.coli were isolated from indoor air,upwind air and downwind air samples in five swine farms.Fecal samples from swine houses were randomly collected to isolate the E.coli.The sensitivities of the E.coli strains against 14 antibiotics were tested.The E.coli carrying the PMQR genes (qnr,aac(6')-Ib-cr,qepA) were identified by ERIC-PCR,and then the genetic fingerprints of E.coli were established to analyze its origins and spread toward the outside surroundings.The results showed that E.coli isolated from five swine farms showed high resistance against 12 antibiotics,such as gentamicin,kanamycin,tetracycline,streptomycin,nalidixic acid and sulfamethoxazole,and presented multi-drug resistant.Results of ERIC-PCR showed that 46.34% (19/41) of strains isolated from indoor air samples had the same origin with fecal-obtained strains,and 73.68% (14/19) of them shared the same PMQR genes with fecal-obtained strains.68.42% (26/38) of strains isolated from downwind air samples had the same origin with fecal-obtained or indoor air-obtained strains,and 65.38% (17/26) of them shared the same PMQR genes with fecal-obtained or indoor air-obtained strains.This indicated that E.coli carrying PMQR genes and originating from feces in swine houses could form aerosols to pollute the indoor air and then spread to the downwind air through air exchange (≥400 m),which could be a potential threaten to public environment and human health. 相似文献
14.
为了调查养猪场携带质粒介导喹诺酮类耐药基因大肠杆菌的气源性传播情况,本试验分别在5个猪场舍内及舍外上风向和下风向不同距离收集空气样品,并在舍内随机采集粪便样品,分离大肠杆菌。药敏试验检测其对14种抗生素的耐药性。以质粒介导喹诺酮类耐药基因(qnr、aac(6')-Ib-cr、qepA)为指示基因,利用肠杆菌基因间重复一致序列聚合酶链式反应(ERIC-PCR)鉴定技术,分别对5个猪场不同样品中大肠杆菌的遗传相似性进行分析,评估其向舍外空气的传播情况。结果显示,5个猪场中的大肠杆菌对庆大霉素、卡那霉素、四环素、链霉素、萘啶酸、复方新诺明等12种常用抗生素耐药率较高,且呈现多重耐药。ERIC-PCR结果显示,46.34% (19/41)的舍内空气分离株与粪便分离株来源相同,其中73.68% (14/19)的分离株携带的耐药基因也相同;68.42% (26/38)的舍外空气分离株与舍内空气或粪便分离株来源相同,其中65.38% (17/26)的菌株携带相同的耐药基因。结果表明,起源于舍内粪便的携带质粒介导喹诺酮类耐药基因的大肠杆菌能形成气溶胶污染舍内空气,并借助舍内外气体交换,传播到舍外不同距离空气中(≥400 m),对养殖场周围的环境卫生及社区居民的健康形成威胁。 相似文献
15.
旨在了解新疆地区腹泻仔猪源大肠杆菌的系统进化分群、血清型及耐药性。本研究对154份腹泻仔猪粪便样品进行大肠杆菌的分离鉴定,采用多重PCR方法对分离株进行系统进化分群和O血清型鉴定,通过K-B纸片法对其进行药物敏感性检测并通过PCR方法进行耐药基因检测。结果显示：共分离到154株大肠杆菌,包括ETEC(n=24)、STEC(n=21)、EPEC(n=1)、EPEC/STEC(n=2)、ETEC/STEC(n=1)和ETEC/EPEC(n=1),其他104株。系统进化分群显示,多数菌株属于B1(37%)和A群(31%)。定型菌株44株,分别属于10种血清型,以O154、O12、O8、O141和O175为主要流行血清型。151株(98%)为多重耐药菌,对复方新诺明、四环素、氨苄西林、链霉素和氯霉素的耐药率为81%～100%,对阿莫西林/克拉维酸、头孢噻肟、庆大霉素、头孢曲松、环丙沙星和阿米卡星的耐药率为31%～66%,对左氧氟沙星、多黏菌素B、头孢他啶、头孢吡肟、氨苄西林-舒巴坦、哌拉西林-他唑巴坦和亚胺培南的耐药率为1%～19%。耐药基因tetA(88%)、tetG(60%)和cmlA(4... 相似文献
16.
In order to compare the resistance of E.coli from pigs of different regions under same breeding mode in Xinjiang, we collected fecal samples from pig farms of Hutubi (207), Manasi (210) and Changji (210) in a certain scale, respectively, a total of 627 samples, and isolation rate of E.coli from fecal samples were all 100.0%.The broth dilution method was used to detect resistance of E.coli to antimicrobials, and we compared the differences of resistance rate of E.coli from pig farms in three regions by chi square test. E.coli from pig farms of Hutubi region to apramycin, amikacin, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid and ceftiofur existed extremely significant differences comparing with another two regions (P< 0.01).E.coli from pig farms of Manasi region to ciprofloxacin existed significant differences comparing with another two regions (P< 0.05), and existed extremely significant differences to norfloxacin (P< 0.01).E.coli from pig farms of Changji region to norfloxacin had extremely significant differences comparing with Hutubi region (P< 0.01), and existed significant differences to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid and ampicillin comparing with Manasi region (P< 0.05).3 to 8 resistant E.coli strains accounted for 94.7% in Hutubi region, 3 to 7 resistant E.coli strains accounted for 89.5% in Manasi region and 4 to 8 resistant E.coli strains accounted for 82.4% in Changji region, respectively.There was no significant difference among different regions on multi-drug resistance (P> 0.05).The results indicated that E.coli from pigs of different regions under the same breeding mode had different characteristics of resistance.In addition, the resistance of E.coli from pigs were very serious and mainly multi-drug resistant, drug resistance patterns were diversified. 相似文献
17.
本试验旨在比较新疆相同养殖模式下不同地区猪源大肠杆菌的耐药情况。分别在某规模化养猪场呼图壁(207份)、玛纳斯(210份)和昌吉(210份)地区采集粪样,共计627份样品,各地区猪源大肠杆菌的分离率均为100.0%。采用微量肉汤稀释法对分离出的大肠杆菌进行临床常用抗菌药物的药敏试验,并通过卡方检验比较3个地区猪源大肠杆菌耐药率的差异。结果显示,呼图壁地区猪源大肠杆菌对安普霉素、阿米卡星、阿莫西林—克拉维酸和头孢噻呋的耐药率均极显著高于另外两地区(P< 0.01);玛纳斯地区猪源大肠杆菌对环丙沙星的耐药率显著高于另外两地区(P< 0.05),对诺氟沙星的耐药率极显著高于另外两地区(P< 0.01);昌吉地区猪源大肠杆菌对诺氟沙星的耐药率极显著高于呼图壁地区(P< 0.01),而对阿莫西林—克拉维酸和氨苄西林的耐药率均显著高于玛纳斯地区(P< 0.05)。呼图壁地区3~8耐菌株占94.7%,玛纳斯地区3~7耐菌株占89.5%,昌吉地区4~8耐菌株占82.4%。不同地区之间3~7耐菌株数差异不显著(P> 0.05)。结果表明,在相同的养殖模式下,不同地区猪源大肠杆菌的耐药情况不同。此外,养殖场猪源大肠杆菌的耐药问题严重,以多药耐药为主,耐药谱型呈多样化。 相似文献
18.
【目的】探明京津冀地区犊牛腹泻大肠杆菌毒力基因与耐药基因流行情况,筛选敏感药物。【方法】于2020年12月至2021年7月从京津冀地区部分牛场采集146份犊牛腹泻样本,通过细菌分离纯化、革兰氏染色镜检及16S rRNA测序进行大肠杆菌分离鉴定;采用PCR方法对分离菌进行毒力基因（F17、K99、F41、STa、stx1、irp2和fyuA基因）和耐药基因（aac（6'）-Ⅰb、blaCTX-M、blaTEM、OqxB、tetA和sul1基因）检测;采用K-B纸片法进行药物敏感性试验。【结果】分离菌在鉴别培养基上的生长形态及革兰氏染色镜检结果均符合大肠杆菌生理生化特性,分离菌16S rRNA测序结果呈单一峰值,对拼接序列在NCBI中进行BLAST比对后发现,与大肠杆菌相似性均>96%,确定分离菌为大肠杆菌。试验共分离鉴定大肠杆菌142株,其中有88株携带毒力基因,占61.97%（88/142）,毒力基因F17、K99、F41、STa、stx1、irp2、fyuA阳性率分别为24.65%、0.70%、0、2.11%、1.41%、45.07%和21.83%,其中F17、irp2、fyuA为优势毒力因子,同时携带多重毒力因子的大肠杆菌检出率较低。aac（6'）-Ⅰb、blaCTX-M、blaTEM、OqxB、tetA和sul1 6种耐药基因皆被检出,blaTEM基因检出率最高,为45.77%,aac（6'）-Ⅰb和OqxB基因检出率最低,均为9.15%,分离菌株主要携带1~3种耐药基因。药物敏感性试验结果显示,142株分离菌对诺氟沙星敏感率最高,其次为环丙沙星,对青霉素敏感率为0,耐药现象严重,耐2种以上抗菌药物的菌株达86.62%。【结论】京津冀地区犊牛腹泻大肠杆菌毒力基因与耐药基因流行广泛,耐药普遍,多重耐药现象严重。本研究可为京津冀地区犊牛腹泻的防治提供理论依据。 相似文献
19.
为了解黑龙江地区部分规模化牛场犊牛腹泻性大肠杆菌毒力基因和耐药基因分布情况,筛选敏感药物以及分析腐殖酸钠对牛源致病性大肠杆菌的防治作用,本研究收集了40份病料,通过分离纯化、染色镜检、生化鉴定以及分子生物学的方法对分离菌进行鉴定;采用PCR技术进行毒力基因和耐药基因的检测;采用K-B法进行药敏检测;利用稀释平板计数法研究不同浓度腐殖酸钠对大肠杆菌的抑制效果;腐殖酸钠灌胃小鼠研究其对攻毒小鼠的保护作用。结果显示,共分离出牛源大肠杆菌30株;其中25株检出毒力基因,在检测的10种毒力基因中,有8种毒力基因被检出,检出率达83.3%,同时还存在多种毒力基因组合;在检测的7种耐药基因中blaTEM基因检出率最高,为100%,blaSHV基因最低,为13.3%,其他耐药基因检出率也较高;药敏试验结果显示,30株分离菌对美罗培南最为敏感,其次为阿米卡星;稀释平板计数结果显示,5%腐殖酸钠的抑菌效果优于其他浓度;攻毒试验结果显示,腐殖酸钠能明显提高攻毒小鼠的存活率。本研究对该地区抗菌药物的合理使用以及腐殖酸钠的临床应用提供了依据。 相似文献
20.
In order to get more information about the distribution of virulence genes and drug resistance genes of Escherichia coli(E.coli) isolated from calf diarrhea in some large-scale cattle farms in Heilongjiang,sensitive drugs were screened to analyze the preventive and therapeutic effect of sodium humate on E.coli.In this study,40 samples were collected and identified by separation and purification,staining microscopy,biochemical identification and molecular biology,and the virulence and drug resistance genes were detected by PCR and the drug sensitivity was detected by K-B test.The inhibitory effect of different concentrations of sodium humate on E.coli was measured by serial dilution and plate counts.Moreover,the protective effect of sodium humate on mice were studied through gastric administration.The results showed that 30 strains of E.coli were isolated,of which 25 strains had virulence genes and 8 virulence genes were detected out of 10,with detection rate of 83.3%.There were many virulence gene combinations.The highest detection rates for blaTEM and blaSHV genes were 100% and 13.3% respectively,and the detection rate of other resistance genes was also high.The results of drug sensitive test showed that 30 isolated strains were most sensitive to meropenem,followed by amikacin.The results of serial dilution and plate counts showed that 5% sodium humate was the most bacteriostatically effective,and the results of toxicity test showed that sodium humate could improve the survival rate of mice.This study provided a basis for the rational use of antibiotics and the clinical application of sodium humate in this area. 相似文献