共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 203 毫秒
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胃饥饿素(Ghrelin)是一种由28个氨基酸组成的多肽,具有促进生长激素释放、调控动物采食和能量代谢等作用。文章从Ghrelin的转录、修饰和体内循环过程出发,并对一些营养物质和激素对Ghrelin分泌的影响与调控机制进行综述,旨在为进一步研究调控Ghrelin分泌的机制提供理论参考,也为阐明动物的促生长机制提供理论依据。 相似文献
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Ghrelin是一种主要由胃肠道分泌产生的28个氨基酸组成的多肽,具有促进生长激素释放、促进摄食、参与能量代谢平衡等多种生理作用,近年来研究表明Ghrelin也参与动物生殖的调控。Ghrelin及其受体在下丘脑-垂体-性腺轴都有分布,体内外试验表明,Ghrelin在下丘脑、垂体和卵巢(睾丸)水平上对生殖具不同调节作用。基于此,论文就Ghrelin对动物生殖调控的研究进展做一综述。 相似文献
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生长激素释放肽（Ghrelin）是生长激素促分泌素受体（GHS—R）的一种内源性配体，1999年由日本国立循环器病中心Kojima等人从小鼠和人的胃组织中成功分离并鉴定。Ghrelin系由28个氨基酸构成的多肽，能够和GHS—R结合而刺激生长激素GH的分泌。就目前的研究报道来看，Ghrelin除调节生长激素分泌外，还在能量平衡、胃功能、心血管系统以及肿瘤生长等诸多方面表现出重要的生物学效应。 相似文献
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Ghrelin及其生物学功能 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Ghrelin是1999年发现的一种含有28个氨基酸残基的内分泌激素,主要由胃黏膜的一种内分泌细胞分泌,也分布于其他许多组织中,如垂体、下丘脑和胰腺等,是一种脑肠肽。Ghrelin与其特异性受体结合后,会产生一系列生物学效应,如刺激垂体前叶释放生长激素,增加采食,维持能量平衡,保护胃黏膜,促进胃酸分泌和胃肠运动等。本文对Ghrelin的结构、分布及其生物学功能进行了简要综述,以期为今后的研究提供相关的基础资料。 相似文献
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Ghrelin是目前为止除了生长激素释放激素(growth hormone releasing hormone,GHRH)和生长激素抑制素(somatostatin,SS)外,第3个调节GH分泌的内源性物质。根据现有的资料分析,Ghrelin除调节GH分泌外,对其他器官系统也有广泛的生物学作用,如刺激垂体生长激素的分泌,促进胃酸分泌,促进食欲,增加体重和脂肪积累,调节能量平衡。目前对Ghrelin在人、鼠、鸡等动物体内分布及作用的机制已有一些认识,但是对于鸡Ghrelin基因的研究较少。研究根据GenBank上检索的DNA序列设计引物,用PCR-SSCP验证其多态性。1材料与方法1.1材料江苏海门京海黄… 相似文献
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Ghrelin is a highly conserved peptide hormone secreted by the stomach, which is involved in the regulation of food intake and energy expenditure. Ghrelin stimulates growth hormone (GH) release, and increases appetite in a variety of mammalian and non-mammalian vertebrates, including several fish species. Studies were conducted to investigate the effect of feeding and fasting on plasma and stomach ghrelin, and the growth hormone/insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) axis in the Mozambique tilapia, a euryhaline teleost. No postprandial changes in plasma and stomach ghrelin levels or stomach ghrelin mRNA levels were observed. Plasma levels of GH, IGF-I and glucose all increased postprandially which agrees with the anabolic roles of these factors. Fasting for 4 and 8 d did not affect ghrelin levels in plasma or stomach. Plasma GH was elevated significantly after 4 and 8 d of fasting, while plasma IGF-I levels were reduced. Plasma ghrelin levels were elevated significantly after 2 and 4 wk of fasting, but no change was detected in stomach ghrelin mRNA levels. Four weeks of fasting did not affect plasma GH levels, although plasma IGF-I and glucose were reduced significantly, indicating that GH resistance exists during a prolonged nutrient deficit (catabolic state). These results indicate that ghrelin may not be acting as a meal-initiated signal in tilapia, although it may be acting as a long-term indicator of negative energy balance. 相似文献
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Ghrelin生物学功能的研究进展 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Ghrelin是一种在大鼠和人胃内新发现的生长激素促分泌素受体(GHS-R)的内源性配基,有28个氨基酸,起促生长激素释放作用。当Ghrelin与位于垂体和下丘脑的GHS-R结合后,产生一系列生物学效应。本文从生长激素释放、机体生长发育、食欲和采食量、能量代谢、胃酸分泌等方面综述了Ghrelin的生物学功能,并初步探讨其在畜牧业上的应用前景。 相似文献
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Akira YABUKI Keijiro MIZUKAMI Satoshi TOKUNAGA Osamu YAMATO 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2016,78(1):109-112
Ghrelin is a peptide hormone that is mainly produced by the stomach. The kidney is a
major source of local ghrelin, and maintaining body fluid balance is considered a critical
role of renal ghrelin. However, there are no reports on renal ghrelin in small animal
medicine. The present study investigated the intrarenal localization of and change in
ghrelin expression in dogs with immune complex-mediated glomerulonephritis (ICGN). Ghrelin
immunoreactivity (IR) was observed in the distal tubules of normal kidneys. Ghrelin IR was
weak in ICGN kidneys, and the quantitative ghrelin IR score was significantly lower in
ICGN kidneys than in normal kidneys. In cases of ICGN, plasma creatinine concentrations
showed a positive correlation with the ghrelin IR score. 相似文献
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ghrelin对生殖系统的调节作用 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
ghrelin是新近发现的一个含有28个氨基酸残基的多肽,是生长激素促分泌素受体(GHS-R)的天然配体,除具有调节GH分泌和能量平衡的功能之外,尚有其他许多功能。近年来体外或体内试验研究表明,ghrelin对生殖激素如LH、PRL具有一定的调节作用;另外,ghrelin及其受体系统广泛存在于生殖系统中。提示这一新发现的激素可能对生殖系统具有重要的调节作用。文章就ghrelin对生殖系统调节作用的研究进展加以综述。 相似文献
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Ida T Miyazato M Naganobu K Nakahara K Sato M Lin XZ Kaiya H Doi K Noda S Kubo A Murakami N Kangawa K 《Domestic animal endocrinology》2007,32(2):93-105
Ghrelin, a novel 28-amino acid peptide with an n-octanoyl modification at Ser3, has been isolated from rat and human stomach as an endogenous ligand for the growth hormone secretagogue receptor. Here, we purified feline ghrelin and examined its possible physiological role in cats. The major active form of feline ghrelin is a 28-amino acid peptide octanoylated (C8:0) at Ser3; except for one amino acid residue replacement, this structure is identical to those of rat and human ghrelins. However, much structural divergence in peptide length and fatty acid modification was observed in feline ghrelin: peptides consisting of 27 or 26 amino acids lacking Gln14 and/or Arg28 were found, and the third serine residue was modified by octanoic acid (C8:0), decanoic acid (10:0), or unsaturated fatty acids (C8:1, C10:1 and C10:2). In agreement with the structural divergence, two kinds of cDNA with different lengths were isolated. Administration of synthetic rat ghrelin increased plasma growth hormone levels in cats, with a potency similar to that in rat or human. Plasma levels of ghrelin in cats increased approximately 2.5-fold after fasting. The present study indicates the existence of structural divergence in feline ghrelin and suggests that, as in other animals, ghrelin may play important roles in GH release and feeding in cats. 相似文献
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Vitari F Di Giancamillo A Deponti D Carollo V Domeneghini C 《Veterinary research communications》2012,36(1):71-80
Ghrelin is involved in many biological processes, ranging from appetite regulation and the release of growth hormone to the
regulation of gastrointestinal motility and secretion processes. Ghrelin expression is not homogenously distributed throughout
the gastrointestinal tract; expression is species-specific and can also depend on the animal age. This study was performed
to investigate ghrelin immunolocalization in the gastrointestinal tract of pigs at different ages: 1 day (birth), 28 days
(weaning), 2 months, 4 months, and 7 months (pre-puberty). Tissue samples were collected along the entire gastrointestinal
tract and were examined by immunohistochemistry and double-immunofluorescence. Histometry was performed by counting the number
of endocrine ghrelin immunopositive cells in the gastrointestinal mucosa. Ghrelin was found to be present along the swine
alimentary canal from the stomach to the caecum. In all regions of the alimentary canal of the animals studied, ghrelin-immunoreactive
(IR) cells co-localized with chromogranin-A and were therefore identified as endocrine cells. In the gastric fundus, ghrelin-immunoreactivity
was partially detected in co-localization with H-K-adenosine triphosphatase and pepsinogen. Ghrelin-IR endocrine cells were
abundant in the oxyntic mucosa but less present in the small intestine and rare in the large intestine. The cell density of
the ghrelin-IR endocrine cells was lowest in the oxyntic mucosa of 1-day-old pigs. We can conclude that gastric ghrelin expression
is not related merely to age but could also potentially be influenced by food intake. 相似文献
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Ghrelin是从鼠和人的胃中分离得到的一种生长激素释放激素受体的天然的内源性配体,它由28个氨基酸残基组成,且氮端第三位丝氨酸发生了辛酰基化,Ghrelin具有广泛的生物学功能,包括调节能量平衡、调节胃肠功能、调节生长激素释放及调控动物采食等等,对Ghrelin的研究具有重要的理论意义和广阔的应用前景。 相似文献
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Majchrzak K Szyszko K Pawłowski KM Motyl T Król M 《Polish journal of veterinary sciences》2012,15(1):189-197
Ghrelin is a 28 amino-acid multi-functional peptide hormone, which was identified as a natural ligand of the growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHS-R). Pituitary growth hormone-releasing activity in both animals and humans has been well documented. It has various biological functions, including regulation of appetite and body weight, control of energy homeostasis, modulation of cardiovascular and gastrointestinal system and anti-inflammatory effect. However, both ghrelin and its receptor (GHS-R) are widely distributed in various tumors, which strongly implies their role in neoplastic cell growth trough autocrine/paracrine mechanism. Multiple studies have demonstrated the role of ghrelin in cancer cells proliferation, differentiation, invasiveness and apoptosis inhibition. The ghrelin axis is more complex than it was originally thought and consist of several compounds that might interact with each other and affect ghrelin activities. Here, we provide an overview of the ghrelin and its receptor role in tumor progression. 相似文献