共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 390 毫秒
1.
2.
小鼠早期胚胎发育过程中的DNA去甲基化 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
表观遗传修饰在基因转录与表达、细胞生长与分化以及动物个体正常发育等过程中都具有重要的调控作用。表观遗传修饰发生异常,会引起机体生长发育中的各种异常。哺乳动物从精卵受精到附植前的胚胎早期发育阶段会发生重要的表观遗传重编程,主要包括DNA甲基化和组蛋白修饰。精卵受精后DNA发生主动和被动2种方式的去甲基化。本文主要综述了与DNA甲基化相关的蛋白和早期胚胎发育过程中的去甲基化机制,并对小鼠附植前胚胎发育过程中的DNA甲基化的动态变化进行了详细的论述。 相似文献
3.
4.
表观遗传修饰是一种不依赖于DNA序列变化的可逆、可遗传修饰，在哺乳动物胚胎发育的整个阶段均可发生，是影响哺乳动物体细胞核移植效率的主要因素之一。其中，DNA甲基化、组蛋白的动态修饰、X染色体失活、端粒与端粒酶活性变化作为常见的表观遗传修饰类型，任一修饰形式的异常都会影响基因的表达，引发体细胞重编程错误导致核移植效率降低。近年来，随着体细胞核移植技术研究的不断深入，表观遗传修饰影响体细胞核移植效率的关键作用机制日益明确。本文通过综述不同类型的表观遗传修饰影响哺乳动物体细胞核移植效率的研究进展，以期在表观遗传修饰层面为提高哺乳动物体细胞核移植效率提供新思路。 相似文献
5.
6.
7.
8.
《中国兽医学报》2016,(10):1774-1778
PTEN基因在哺乳动物早期胚胎发育中起重要作用,但PTEN基因在猪的卵母细胞、早期胚胎和各主要脏器的表达情况还未见报道。本研究以猪为研究对象,利用非同位素银染DNA测序和荧光定量PCR等技术,对PTEN基因在猪卵母细胞、猪体外受精胚胎和仔猪各主要脏器的表达水平进行了研究。结果表明:PTEN基因在猪GV期卵母细胞、MII期卵母细胞和早期胚胎发育中持续表达,在桑椹胚期高表达,说明PTEN基因在胚胎发育过程中尤其在胚胎致密化时期发挥重要作用;PTEN基因在仔猪各主要脏器均有表达,在肺脏高表达,说明PTEN基因对仔猪主要脏器发育尤其是对仔猪肺脏的发育发挥重要作用。试验结果为今后PTEN基因在猪卵母细胞、早期胚胎和仔猪各主要脏器的研究奠定了基础。 相似文献
9.
DNA甲基化与去甲基化调控肌肉发育研究进展 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
肌肉发育是一个复杂的生物学过程,其调控机制尚不完善。但近年来表观遗传修饰对肌肉发育的调控作用逐渐成为热点领域,研究发现DNA甲基化与去甲基化修饰对肌肉发生与发育起到重要的调控作用。肌肉干细胞特异位点通过DNA甲基化修饰,影响肌肉发育过程关键基因的表达,进而调控早期发育的生肌过程。本文主要围绕肌肉发育过程中DNA甲基化及去甲基化修饰的变化、重要的甲基转移酶和去甲基化酶以及营养物质通过DNA甲基化修饰影响肌肉发生的作用进行论述。 相似文献
10.
基因组表观重编程对体细胞核移植成功率的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
基因组表观重编程缺陷是影响体细胞核移植效率的主要因素,本文讨论了表观重编程的两大主要机制——DNA甲基化及组蛋白修饰及其对体细胞核移植重构胚胎发育的影响,并综述了几种促进核重编程的方法。 相似文献
11.
12.
Epigenetic characteristics of cloned and in vitro-fertilized swamp buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) embryos
Suteevun T Parnpai R Smith SL Chang CC Muenthaisong S Tian XC 《Journal of animal science》2006,84(8):2065-2071
Swamp buffalos are becoming endangered due to reproductive inefficiencies. This is of concern because many countries depend heavily on their products. Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) is a potential strategy for preserving endangered species. To date, SCNT in swamp buffalo has succeeded in the creation of blastocyst embryos. However, development to term of SCNT swamp buffalos is extremely limited, and only 1 live birth has been reported. An abnormal epigenetic mechanism is suspected to be the cause of developmental failure, as is also seen in other species. The DNA methylation and histone acetylation are key players in epigenetic modification and display marked variability during embryonic preimplantation development. Knowledge of epigenetic modifications will aid in solving the developmental problems of SCNT embryos and improving reproductive technology in the swamp buffalo. The objective of this study was to determine the relationship between preimplantation embryonic development and 2 epigenetic patterns, global DNA methylation and histone acetylation, in SCNT and in vitro-fertilized (IVF) swamp buffalo embryos. In addition, we examined the correlations between those 2 mechanisms in the SCNT and IVF swamp buffalo embryos throughout the developmental stages using double immunostaining and quantification of the emission intensities using confocal microscopy. We discovered an aberrant methylation pattern in early preimplantation-stage swamp buffalo SCNT embryos. In addition, greater variability in the DNA methylation levels among nuclei within SCNT embryos was discovered. Hyperacetylation was also observed in SCNT embryos compared with IVF embryos at the 4- and 8-cell stages (P < 0.05). Dynamic changes and interplay between these 2 epigenetic mechanisms could be crucial for embryonic development during the early preimplantation period. The aberrancies uncovered here may contribute to the low efficiency of SCNT. 相似文献
13.
DNA甲基化(DNA methylation)是一种动态、可逆并可以遗传的表观遗传修饰模式,主要发生在哺乳动物原始生殖细胞和早期胚胎发育过程中,能够通过高动态和协同的核酶网络附着在DNA的CpG区域,同时还通过改变调控区域的功能状态进而调控基因表达且不影响DNA序列所携带的遗传信息。DNA甲基化主要涉及基因组印迹、转座元件沉默、X染色体失活和衰老等多种关键生理过程,在哺乳动物卵母细胞和胚胎发育中发挥着重要作用。本文介绍了DNA甲基化的建立与去除机制及其生物学功能,重点阐述了DNA甲基化在哺乳动物卵母细胞和胚胎发育过程中精准生成、维持、读取和删除等动态变化过程,为进一步研究哺乳动物表观遗传调控提供参考依据。 相似文献
14.
15.
16.
哺乳动物个体由终端分化的单倍体精子和卵子受精融合成的双倍体受精卵发育而来。在胚胎发育的初始阶段,合子基因组处于休眠状态,胚胎发育调控由卵母细胞内母源调控逐渐转换为合子基因组调控(Maternal-Zygotic Transition,MZT)。在此期间,随着母源物质的清除,合子基因组激活(Zygotic Genome Activation,ZGA),但调控MZT的具体分子机制还不清楚。最新研究表明,DNA甲基化、染色质重塑、组蛋白表观修饰、ncRNA在MZT和ZGA中发挥重要的作用。本文总结了上述4种表观修饰在动物植入前胚胎MZT中的生物学功能和特异的分子机制,对揭示动物胚胎MZT的调控机理有借鉴意义。 相似文献
17.
18.
Cai‐feng Wu De‐fu Zhang Shushan Zhang Lingwei Sun Ying Liu Jian‐jun Dai 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2019,54(12):1604-1611
Aberration in DNA methylation is believed to be one of the major causes of abnormal gene expression and inefficiency of somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT). RG108, a non‐nucleoside DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) inhibitor, has been reported to facilitate somatic nuclear reprogramming and improved blastocyst formation. The aim of this study was to investigate interaction effect of RG108 treatment time (24–72 hr) and concentrations (0.05–50 µM) on donor cells, and further to optimize the treatment for porcine SCNT. Our results showed that RG108 treatment resulted in time‐dependent decrease of genome‐wide DNA methylation on foetal fibroblasts, which only happened after 72‐hr treatment in our experiments, and no interaction effect between treatment time and concentration. Remarkable decrease of methylation in imprinted gene H19 and increased apoptosis was observed in 5 and 50 µM RG108‐treated cells. Furthermore, the blastocyst rates of SCNT embryos were increased as the fibroblasts treated with RG108 at 5 and 50 µM, and additional treatment during cultivation of SCNT embryos would not provide any advantage for blastocyst formation. In conclusion, the RG108 treatment of 72 hr and 5 μM would be optimized time and concentration for porcine foetal fibroblasts to improve the SCNT embryonic development. In addition, combined treatment of RG108 on donor cells and SCNT embryos would not be beneficial for embryonic development. 相似文献