Use of activity monitors for assessment of pruritus in an acute model of canine atopic dermatitis     

Rachel Schwab‐Richards  Christine Prost  Jean Steffan  Wolfgang Seewald  Chiara Nenci  Petra Roosje 《Veterinary dermatology》2014,25(5):441-e69

  相似文献   

Acquisition capability of the grapevine Flavescence dorée by the leafhopper vector Scaphoideus titanus Ball correlates with phytoplasma titre in the source plant     

Luciana Galetto  Dimitrios Miliordos  Chiara Roggia  Mahnaz Rashidi  Dario Sacco  Cristina Marzachì  Domenico Bosco 《Journal of pest science》2014,87(4):671-679

Flavescence dorée (FD) is one of the most economically important grapevine diseases in Southern Europe, and it is associated with phytoplasmas, phloem-limited wall-less bacteria. Recovery from disease naturally occurs in infected grapevines during the following seasons after infection. The capability of the leafhopper vector Scaphoideus titanus to acquire FD phytoplasma (FDP) from recovered and infected grapevines of Barbera and Nebbiolo varieties was investigated in North-western Italy vineyards monitored from 2007 to 2011. Pathogen concentration was quantified by real-time PCR in FDP-infected grapevines and broad beans, also used as source plants under controlled conditions, to correlate acquisition capabilities and phytoplasma titre in source plants. S. titanus acquired FDP from infected, but not from recovered, grapevines. FDP titre was higher in Barbera than in Nebbiolo and higher in summer than in spring, and acquisition efficiency and pathogen titre in source plants were positively correlated, both in field and laboratory conditions. Recovered plants do not represent a source of inoculum for the vector and therefore do not contribute to FDP spread. The inability of recovered plants to serve as FDP acquisition sources for the vector as well as the effect of the season and of the two grapevine varieties on the FDP acquisition efficiency are relevant results to re-design disease management practices, especially since insecticide treatments against the vector are not fully effective, and newly designed successful control strategies are required.  相似文献   

Microbiological Quality Assessment of Watershed Associated with Animal-Based Agriculture in Santa Catarina, Brazil     

Gilbert C. Sigua  Julio Cesar Pascale Palhares  Jalusa Deon Kich  Magda Regina Mulinari  Rosemari Martini Mattei  Jaqueline Bianca Klein  Susana Muller  Gustavo Plieske 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2010,210(1-4):307-316

Environmental problems many times could evolve when manure-containing pathogens are distributed into an open environment with no effort made to reduce the content of pathogens or limit their movement in the environment. Wind, surface flow, and subsurface flow can all carry enough pathogens to receiving waters to exceed water quality standards. This study was conducted to assess the microbiological quality of water associated with animal-based agriculture in the sub-basin of Pinhal River located in the rural area of Concordia, Santa Catarina, Brazil. Six sampling points representing different agricultural land uses (LU1—dairy cattle; LU2—without animals; LU3—dairy + pigs + poultry + crops; LU4—pigs + poultry + crops; LU5—dairy + pigs + poultry + crops + human; and LU6—dairy+pigs+crops) along the Pinhal River sub-basin (north to south) were sampled biweekly from August 2006 to December 2008. Concentrations of fecal coliforms and Escherichia coli varied significantly (p?≤?0.05) with land use (LU), but there was no interaction effect of LU, season, and time. Water samples from the catchment area of LU1 had the highest concentration of fecal coliforms (4,479?±?597 CFU ml^?1) when compared with other catchment areas. Catchment area associated with LU2 (no animal) had the lowest concentrations of fecal coliforms (39.2?±?5.2 CFU ml^?1). With the exception of LU2 (control site), all the maximum concentrations of E. coli exceeded the single maximum allowable concentration for E. coli (100 CFU ml^?1). When LU1 was compared with other catchment areas (LU3, 50%; LU4, 67%; LU5, 58%; and LU6, 44%), it had the lowest counts (39%) of Salmonella sp. Our results suggest that spatial pattern of bacterial water quality is evident, which can be linked to the different land uses and associated practices (present or absent of animal activities). Therefore, varying responses associated with the different land uses would be critical in identifying the importance of different sources of bacteria in the catchment area and the mechanisms transferring them.  相似文献   

Hypoglycemic effect of lupin seed γ-conglutin in experimental animals and healthy human subjects   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Bertoglio JC  Calvo MA  Hancke JL  Burgos RA  Riva A  Morazzoni P  Ponzone C  Magni C  Duranti M 《Fitoterapia》2011,82(7):933-938

A lupin seed γ-conglutin-enriched preparation was tested in a glucose overload trial with both murine models and adult healthy volunteers. The results with rats showed a dose-dependent significant decrease of blood glucose concentration, which confirmed previous findings obtained with the purified protein. Moreover, three test-product doses equivalent to 630, 315, and 157.5 mg γ-conglutin, orally administered 30 min before the carbohydrate supply, showed a relevant hypoglycemic effect in human trials. Insulin concentrations were not significantly affected. The general hematic parameters did not change at all.This is the first report on the glucose-lowering effect of lupin γ-conglutin in human subjects.  相似文献   

Two-dimensional electrophoresis and western-blotting analyses with anti Ara h 3 basic subunit IgG evidence the cross-reacting polypeptides of Arachis hypogaea, Glycine max, and Lupinus albus seed proteomes   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Magni C  Ballabio C  Restani P  Sironi E  Scarafoni A  Poiesi C  Duranti M 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2005,53(6):2275-2281

The allergenicity of seed storage proteins, the major components of edible legume seeds, may cause serious reactions in both children and adult population. Updated methodologies for evaluation of the activity of these proteins are needed. In this paper we used two-dimensional (2D) electrophoretic techniques to investigate the immuno-cross-reactivities of anti Ara h 3 basic subunit IgG to the seed proteomes of three legume species, namely, peanut, soybean, and lupin. The seed proteins, extracted with two different procedures, were separated by 2D electrophoresis, and the electrophoretic maps were analyzed by Western blot. In peanut proteome the antibodies strongly reacted with the 23 kDa polypeptides, corresponding to Ara h 3 basic isoforms, the antigen they were raised to, and three unidentified acidic polypeptides near 45 kDa. Remarkable cross-reactivities with lupin and soybean Ara h 3 homologous polypeptides and nonrelated proteins, namely, lupin conglutin gamma and soybean Bg7S, were detected. Therefore, these proteins may be regarded as new putative allergens. The present findings show the potentiality of 2D electrophoresis in the identification of food allergens and open the way to the traceability of the new cross-reacting proteins in the food chain.  相似文献   

Development of new fungicides against Magnaporthe grisea: synthesis and biological activity of pyrazolo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazine,pyrazolo[1,5-c][1,3,5]thiadiazine,and pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine derivatives     

Vicentini CB  Forlani G  Manfrini M  Romagnoli C  Mares D 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2002,50(17):4839-4845

Some pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4(5H)-thione, pyrazolo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-4-one/thione, and pyrazolo[1,5-c][1,3,5]thiadiazine-4-one/thione derivatives were synthesized and screened for antifungal activity against the causal agent of rice blast disease, Magnaporthe grisea. In all cases a remarkable inhibition of fungal growth was found in the range from 10 to 200 microg x mL(-1). Several compounds were able to control mycelium growth at a rate of 10 microg x mL(-1), a concentration at which the reference compound tricyclazole was completely ineffective. At least in the case of the most active substance, at the same dose the growth of seedlings or cultured cells of rice was substantially unaffected. Results allowed definition of structural requirements either to maintain or to enhance mycotoxic activity.  相似文献   

30,000 years of hydrothermal activity at the lost city vent field     

Früh-Green GL  Kelley DS  Bernasconi SM  Karson JA  Ludwig KA  Butterfield DA  Boschi C  Proskurowski G 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2003,301(5632):495-498

Strontium, carbon, and oxygen isotope data and radiocarbon ages document at least 30,000 years of hydrothermal activity driven by serpentinization reactions at Lost City. Serpentinization beneath this off-axis field is estimated to occur at a minimum rate of 1.2 x 10(-4) cubic kilometers per year. The access of seawater to relatively cool, fresh peridotite, coupled with faulting, volumetric expansion, and mass wasting processes, are crucial to sustain such systems. The amount of heat produced by serpentinization of peridotite massifs, typical of slow and ultraslow spreading environments, has the potential to drive Lost City-type systems for hundreds of thousands, possibly millions, of years.  相似文献   

A neutralizing antibody selected from plasma cells that binds to group 1 and group 2 influenza A hemagglutinins   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Corti D  Voss J  Gamblin SJ  Codoni G  Macagno A  Jarrossay D  Vachieri SG  Pinna D  Minola A  Vanzetta F  Silacci C  Fernandez-Rodriguez BM  Agatic G  Bianchi S  Giacchetto-Sasselli I  Calder L  Sallusto F  Collins P  Haire LF  Temperton N  Langedijk JP  Skehel JJ  Lanzavecchia A 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2011,333(6044):850-856

The isolation of broadly neutralizing antibodies against influenza A viruses has been a long-sought goal for therapeutic approaches and vaccine design. Using a single-cell culture method for screening large numbers of human plasma cells, we isolated a neutralizing monoclonal antibody that recognized the hemagglutinin (HA) glycoprotein of all 16 subtypes and neutralized both group 1 and group 2 influenza A viruses. Passive transfer of this antibody conferred protection to mice and ferrets. Complexes with HAs from the group 1 H1 and the group 2 H3 subtypes analyzed by x-ray crystallography showed that the antibody bound to a conserved epitope in the F subdomain. This antibody may be used for passive protection and to inform vaccine design because of its broad specificity and neutralization potency.  相似文献   

Science policy. Changing incentives to publish     

Franzoni C  Scellato G  Stephan P 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2011,333(6043):702-703

  相似文献   

A selective activity-dependent requirement for dynamin 1 in synaptic vesicle endocytosis     

Ferguson SM  Brasnjo G  Hayashi M  Wölfel M  Collesi C  Giovedi S  Raimondi A  Gong LW  Ariel P  Paradise S  O'toole E  Flavell R  Cremona O  Miesenböck G  Ryan TA  De Camilli P 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2007,316(5824):570-574

Dynamin 1 is a neuron-specific guanosine triphosphatase thought to be critically required for the fission reaction of synaptic vesicle endocytosis. Unexpectedly, mice lacking dynamin 1 were able to form functional synapses, even though their postnatal viability was limited. However, during spontaneous network activity, branched, tubular plasma membrane invaginations accumulated, capped by clathrin-coated pits, in synapses of dynamin 1-knockout mice. Synaptic vesicle endocytosis was severely impaired during strong exogenous stimulation but resumed efficiently when the stimulus was terminated. Thus, dynamin 1-independent mechanisms can support limited synaptic vesicle endocytosis, but dynamin 1 is needed during high levels of neuronal activity.  相似文献