Association mapping reveals loci associated with multiple traits that affect grain yield and adaptation in soft winter wheat     

Dennis N. Lozada  R. Esten Mason  Md Ali Babar  Brett F. Carver  Gina-Brown Guedira  Keith Merrill  Maria Nelly Arguello  Andrea Acuna  Lucas Vieira  Amanda Holder  Christopher Addison  David E. Moon  Randal G. Miller  Susanne Dreisigacker 《Euphytica》2017,213(9):222

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) are useful to facilitate crop improvement via enhanced knowledge of marker-trait associations (MTA). A GWAS for grain yield (GY), yield components, and agronomic traits was conducted using a diverse panel of 239 soft red winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) genotypes evaluated across two growing seasons and eight site-years. Analysis of variance showed significant environment, genotype, and genotype-by-environment effects for GY and yield components. Narrow sense heritability of GY (h ²  = 0.48) was moderate compared to other traits including plant height (h ²  = 0.81) and kernel weight (h ²  = 0.77). There were 112 significant MTA (p < 0.0005) detected for eight measured traits using compressed mixed linear models and 5715 single nucleotide polymorphism markers. MTA for GY and agronomic traits coincided with previously reported QTL for winter and spring wheat. Highly significant MTA for GY showed an overall negative allelic effect for the minor allele, indicating selection against these alleles by breeders. Markers associated with multiple traits observed on chromosomes 1A, 2D, 3B, and 4B with positive minor effects serve as potential targets for marker assisted breeding to select for improvement of GY and related traits. Following marker validation, these multi-trait loci have the potential to be utilized for MAS to improve GY and adaptation of soft red winter wheat.  相似文献   

Strawberry Shelf Life,Composition, and Enzymes Activity in Response to Edible Chitosan Coatings     

Mohamed E. I. Badawy  Entsar I. Rabea  Mahmoud A. M. El-Nouby  Rania I. A. Ismail  Nehad E. M. Taktak 《International Journal of Fruit Science》2017,17(2):117-136

A series of active biodegradable coatings based on chitosan, gelatin, starch, and sorbitol with or without monoterpenes (geraniol and thymol) were prepared and applied on fresh strawberry fruit as postharvest treatments. The coated fruits were inoculated with fungal spores of Botrytis cinerea and stored for 7 days at 4 °C. Decay incidence, weight loss, anthocyanins, total soluble solids (TSS), total soluble phenolics (TSP), polygalacturonase (PGase), pectin-lyase (PLase), antioxidant activity, guaiacol peroxidase (G-POD), polyphenol oxidase (PPO), and catalase (CAT) were elucidated in the fruits of experimental sets and they were compared with that of controls. The coatings showed a significant effect on the development of quality variables, with the additional effect of geraniol and thymol as a function of the polysaccharide matrix. The coatings inhibited decay incidence, reduced weight loss, delayed changes in the contents of anthocyanin, TSS, and total soluble phenolics; inhibited the increase in G-POD and PPO activities; and retarded the reduction in CAT activity. Compared to the controls, all of the coatings had positive effects on the inhibition of cell wall degrading enzymes (PGase and PLase) and among all the tested coatings, T5, chitosan (1%) + starch (1%) + sorbitol (0.5%) + tween (0.05%) + thymol (0.02%) was the best. This formulation showed also the highest antimicrobial activity and the greatest effect on other physiochemical parameters and it can be suggested to use it as a useful coating agent for extending the shelf-life and maintaining quality of strawberry fruit.  相似文献   

球孢白僵菌不同施用方式对玉米促生作用的研究     

崔雨虹  白云  曹娜  刘亦豪  Ghulam Ali Bugti  王滨 《热带作物学报》2017,(2):206-212

采用土壤施用和叶面喷施2种方式将球孢白僵菌(Beauveria bassiana)菌株Bb202接种至玉米,研究不同接种方式及处理浓度对玉米生长的影响。结果表明,2种喷施方式对玉米苗均存在促生作用,且这种促生作用与孢子接种浓度密切相关。在叶面喷施处理中,白僵菌仅对玉米地上部分生长指标有促进作用,而对玉米苗的根长无显著影响;其中1.0×10~4孢子/m L处理组对玉米苗的促生效果最佳,其株高、叶长、叶宽、鲜重指标比蒸馏水对照组分别高出7.47%、15.42%、25.70%和16.85%。在土壤喷施处理中,白僵菌对玉米苗地上与地下部分均有显著促生作用;其中1.0×106孢子/m L和1.0×10~8孢子/m L处理组,玉米株高、叶长、根长、生物量指标较蒸馏水对照组分别提高了28.66%和29.59%、30.66%和37.85%、43.08%和33.60%、28.35%和32.55%。从对玉米苗的促生作用来看,用1.0×106孢子/m L的白僵菌悬浮液处理土壤,可以取得最经济、最显著的促生效果。  相似文献   

Identification and validation of cold responsive microRNAs of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Hevea brasiliensis</Emphasis> using high throughput sequencing     

Linu Kuruvilla  MB Mohamed Sathik  Molly Thomas  Lisha.P Luke  Sumesh KV 《Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology》2017,20(5):369-377

Cold stress is one of the major abiotic factors that influence the productivity and geographical distribution of many agriculturally important crops like Hevea brasiliensis. Cultivation of H. brasiliensis in India is being extended to northeastern regions, where low temperature during winter adversely affects its survival, growth, and productivity. Developing cold-tolerant genotypes is a primary requisite to maximize the productivity under such challenging environmental conditions. However, lack of methods for early evaluation of cold tolerance in the newly developed clones and the extensive time required for assessing their tolerance in the field are major constraints for clonal selection. The present study was initiated with an objective to identify and characterize cold stress responsive miRNAs from H. brasiliensis that show stronger association with cold tolerance. Next generation sequencing using Illumina HiSeq method revealed the expression of 21 and 29 conserved miRNA (from clone RRIM 600) families in cold-stressed and control samples, respectively. Forty-two novel miRNAs were identified from this study. Upon differential expression analysis, eight conserved miRNAs were found commonly expressed in both the samples. When expression analyses were performed subsequently with six selected miRNAs in two Hevea clones (viz. RRII 105 and RRIM 600), miR169 showed a strong association with cold tolerance. miRNAs such as miR482 and miR159 also exhibited association with cold tolerance. This study suggests the possibility of employing these miRNAs as markers for cold tolerance after validation in more number of genotypes with varying levels of cold tolerance.  相似文献   

Size and shape analysis of Trioza erytreae Del Guercio (Hemiptera: Triozidae), vector of citrus huanglongbing disease     

Owusu F Aidoo  Chrysantus M Tanga  Thomson M Paris  Sandra A Allan  Samira A Mohamed  Fathiya M Khamis  Mamoudou Stamou  Christian Borgemeister  Sunday Ekesi 《Pest management science》2019,75(3):760-771

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Characterization of sulfoxaflor resistance in the brown planthopper,Nilaparvata lugens (Stål)     

Xun Liao  Ruoheng Jin  Xiaolei Zhang  Ehsan Ali  Kaikai Mao  Pengfei Xu  Jianhong Li  Hu Wan 《Pest management science》2019,75(6):1646-1654

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Effect of elevated carbon dioxide concentration on growth,productivity and glyphosate response of parthenium weed (Parthenium hysterophorus L.)     

Ali A Bajwa  Haochen Wang  Bhagirath S Chauhan  Steve W Adkins 《Pest management science》2019,75(11):2934-2941

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Inheritance and fitness costs of sulfoxaflor resistance in Nilaparvata lugens (Stål)     

Xun Liao  Kaikai Mao  Ehsan Ali  Ruoheng Jin  Zhao Li  Wenhao Li  Jianhong Li  Hu Wan 《Pest management science》2019,75(11):2981-2988

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Pantoea: a newly identified causative agent for leaf blight disease in rice     

Doni  Febri  Suhaimi  Nurul Shamsinah Mohd  Mohamed  Zulqarnain  Ishak  Nazri  Mispan  Muhamad Shakirin 《植物病害和植物保护杂志》2019,126(6):491-494

Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection - Leaf blight is one of the most serious threats to rice agroecosystems worldwide, and the yield reduction due to this disease can be as high as 70%. For...  相似文献   

Correction to: Impact of leaf infestation by herbivorous insects on the elemental uptake of citrus trees     

Semhi  Khadija  Clauer  Norbert  Al-Raeesi  Ali Ahmed 《植物病害和植物保护杂志》2019,126(1):77-77

Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection - In the original publication, the article title was incorrectly published as ‘Impact of leave infestation by herbivorous insects on the elemental...  相似文献