湖库底泥对环丙沙星吸附特性的研究     

王富民  马秀兰  边炜涛  任力洁  王玉军  段珺雅  高迪 《水土保持学报》2016,(2)

为探明环丙沙星在湖库底泥中的吸附特性,以长春市新立城水库底泥为供试样品,利用OECD guideline 106批平衡吸附试验方法,研究环丙沙星在底泥中的吸附行为,并探讨pH和Ca~(2+)强度对环丙沙星吸附过程的影响。结果表明:环丙沙星的等温吸附能较好的拟合Herry-Freundlich和Herry-Langmuir复合吸附等温方程,其中Herry-Langmuir方程的拟合效果更好,相关系数r=0.995 3,达到差异极显著水平。环丙沙星在底泥中的整个吸附过程符合准二级反应动力学方程,吸附参数k=8.76×10~(-3)kg/(min·mg)。研究发现,pH值在3~11的条件下,环丙沙星的吸附量随pH的增加呈先升高后降低的趋势。当pH=5时,吸附效果最好,可吸附环丙沙星总量的99.75%,强酸性和强碱性条件均不利于底泥对环丙沙星的吸附。随电解质中CaCl_2浓度的增加,底泥对环丙沙星的吸附能力降低,吸附量减少。当Ca~(2+)浓度增加到1.5mol/L时,Ca~(2+)和环丙沙星二者间的竞争性吸附逐渐达到平衡,底泥对环丙沙星的吸附量不会再随Ca~(2+)浓度的增加而变化,此时吸附量为总量的62.34%,由此可推断阳离子交换是环丙沙星在底泥中吸附过程的重要机制之一。  相似文献   

高效液相色谱法同时测定预混剂中盐酸环丙沙星和盐酸小檗碱含量     

韩立 《中国兽药杂志》2010,44(5):25-27

以C18为固定相,0.002 5 mol/L磷酸溶液(用三乙胺调pH值至3.0±0.1)-乙睛(75∶25)为流动相,335 nm为检测波长,采用高效液相色谱法同时测定盐酸环丙沙星、盐酸小檗碱预混剂中盐酸环丙沙星和盐酸小檗碱的含量。盐酸环丙沙星和盐酸小檗碱线性范围分别为1～600μg/mL和0.4～400μg/mL,平均加标回收率分别为100.0%和100.1%,RSD均为0.11%(n=5)。  相似文献   

人工诱导猪链球菌氟喹诺酮耐药株的靶位突变分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张雨菡  姚杰  陆承平  王丽平 《南京农业大学学报》2009,32(4)

以4株临床分离的对环丙沙星和恩诺沙星敏感的猪链球菌2型菌株为研究对象,采用体外递增药物浓度的方法分别诱导了其对环丙沙星和恩诺沙星耐药的菌株,按CLSI推荐方法测定了环丙沙星和恩诺沙星对亲本敏感株和诱导耐药株的MIC,测定了亲本株和诱导耐药株的生长曲线,并采用PCR和基因测序的方法分析了诱导耐药株的DNA回旋酶(GyrA和GyrB)和拓扑异构酶Ⅳ(ParC和ParE)耐药决定区(QRDR)的基因突变和氨基酸序列变化.结果表明:浓度递增法成功诱导了猪链球菌对环丙沙星和恩诺沙星耐药性,其MIC分别由05 mg·L-1上升至128 mg·L-1;与敏感株比较,恩诺沙星与环丙沙星诱导的耐药菌在gyrA和gyrB,或parC和parE耐药决定区的氨基酸序列有突变,除了已报道的与氟喹诺酮耐药相关的ParC的Ser79Phe,GyrA的Ser81Arg,GyrB的Asp315Asn、Ser285Leu和Glu354Lys及ParE的Pro278Ser点突变外,在诱导菌中还出现了一些不曾报道的突变位点和氨基酸缺失,如GyrA的Gln118His和ParE的Asn297Tyr突变,GyrB的288～291位和ParC的62位氨基酸缺失.结果提示:逐步增加药物浓度可以诱导猪链球菌对氟喹诺酮类抗菌药耐药性,并导致主要靶位发生突变.  相似文献   

采用液相色谱法测定水产品中的环丙沙星   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

吴红军  成强  臧素娟  陈红燕 《现代农业科技》2010,(24):337+343

建立用高效液相色谱法测定水产品中环丙沙星的分析方法。样品经乙腈提取,C18固相萃取柱净化后,以保留时间定性,外标法定量。试验结果表明:环丙沙星峰面积与其工作液浓度有着良好的线性关系(r=0.999 3),最低检出限为1.0μg/kg,加标回收率为79.5%～88.0%,相对标准偏差为1.5%～4.2%。  相似文献   

低浓度恩诺沙星在离体肠道模拟系统中对人体肠道菌群的影响   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

刘健华  陈杖榴  柳阳伟  文研  何芳 《中国兽医杂志》2003,39(7):38-41

残留在食品中的抗菌药被人体摄人后可能会对人体肠道菌群产生影响。本研究采用模拟残留药物通过胃肠道的离体培养系统研究了低浓度恩诺沙星对人体肠道菌群(包括9种ATCC标准菌株和健康志愿者粪便菌群)的影响。结果表明：细菌在药物浓度大于5倍MIC的离体培养系统仍能增殖，系统中加入2～5μg／ml恩诺沙星可部分抑制产气荚膜梭菌、青春双歧杆菌和直肠真杆菌的生长。2μg／ml恩诺沙星可抑制正常人体粪便菌群中敏感大肠杆菌的生长，并使耐药大肠杆菌比例明显升高，对厌氧菌的抑制作用不明显。总之，低浓度恩诺沙星对正常人体粪便菌群的最重要影响也许是筛选出正常情况下仅占少量的肠道耐药菌，使耐药菌占优势。  相似文献   

Pharmacokinetics of enrofloxacin and its active metabolite ciprofloxacin and its interaction with diclofenac after intravenous administration in buffalo calves   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Kumar N  Singh SD  Jayachandran C 《Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)》2003,165(3):302-306

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鸡猪排泄物中恩诺沙星和环丙沙星含量HPLC检测方法的建立   总被引：8，自引：1，他引：8  

陈红陈杖榴  曾振灵叶得河 《中国兽医科技》2005,35(12):1004-1007

建立了测定鸡、猪排泄物中恩诺沙星及环丙沙星含量的高效液相-荧光检测方法.将猪粪和鸡粪尿混合物样品分别用甲醇氨水溶液和醋酸甲醇溶液浸提,猪尿用固相萃取小柱富集净化,流动相为乙腈-三乙胺磷酸溶液（0.02 mol/L）,荧光激发波长280 nm,发射波长450 nm.检测结果表明,排泄物样品中恩诺沙星和环丙沙星含量的检测定量限,鸡粪尿混合物为0.010 μg/g,猪尿0.005 μg/mL,猪粪为0.020 μg/g.外标法标准曲线的线性范围鸡粪尿混合物中恩诺沙星为0.010～100.000 μg/g、环丙沙星为0.010～50.000 μg/g,猪尿和猪粪中恩诺沙星和环丙沙星的线性范围分别为0.005～0.500 μg/mL和0.020～1.000 μg/g.恩诺沙星和环丙沙星的回收率分别大于75%和88%.HPLC方法的样品前处理和检测方法简便、快捷,准确性较微生物检测法高.  相似文献   

The Disposition Kinetics,Urinary Excretion and Dosage Regimen of Ciprofloxacin in Buffalo Calves (Bubalus bubalis)     

Saini  S.P.S.  Srivastava  A.K. 《Veterinary research communications》2001,25(8):641-649

The disposition kinetics, urinary excretion and a dosage regimen for ciprofloxacin after a single intravenous administration of 5 mg/kg was investigated in 5 healthy buffalo calves. The disposition kinetics were best fitted to a three-compartment open model. After 1 min, the concentration of ciprofloxacin in plasma was 8.50±0.39 g/ml and the minimum therapeutic concentration was maintained for 10 h. The elimination half-life and volume of distribution were 3.88 and 0.08 h and 3.97±0.22 L/kg, respectively. The total body clearance and T/P ratio were 0.709±0.025 L/kg per h and 6.13±0.54, respectively. Approximately 28.3% of the total administered dose of ciprofloxacin was recovered in urine within 24 h of administration. To maintain a minimum therapeutic plasma concentration of 0.10 g/ml, a satisfactory intravenous dosage regimen of ciprofloxacin, computed on the basis of disposition kinetic data obtained in healthy buffalo calves, would be 3 mg/kg repeated at 12 h intervals.  相似文献   

Pharmacokinetics of topically applied ciprofloxacin in equine tears   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

Hendrix DV  Stuffle JL  Cox SK 《Veterinary ophthalmology》2007,10(6):344-347

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the pharmacokinetics of topically applied ciprofloxacin 0.3% ophthalmic solution in tears of healthy horses. ANIMAL STUDIED: Twenty healthy, adult, mixed-breed horses. PROCEDURES: Twenty study horses were confirmed free of ophthalmic disease by complete ophthalmic examination. Seventy microliters of 0.3% ciprofloxacin (Ciloxan) was placed in the ventral cul-de-sac of each eye using a microliter syringe and 19-g cannula. Population kinetics were carried out by sampling the tear film from the lower cul-de-sac of each eye with tear test strips at 5, 10, 15 and 30 min and 1, 2, 4 and 6 h post administration for a total of five samples at each time-point. Sample collection time was 15 s. Concentrations of ciprofloxacin were determined using high performance liquid chromatography. RESULTS: Mean (+/-SD) of the Schirmer tear test results from all eyes was 23.4 +/- 4.8 mm wetting in 1 min. Mean concentration of ciprofloxacin in the tears at 5 min post administration was 498.4 +/- 266.8 microg/g. Mean concentration rapidly declined and began to plateau at 30 min. The mean tear concentrations of ciprofloxacin at 30 min and at 1, 2, 4 and 6 h were 66.6 +/- 56.0, 60.25 +/- 55.7, 42.25 +/- 30.9, 36.25 +/- 32.0, and 45.5 +/- 46.5 microg/g, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The pharmacokinetics of ciprofloxacin in normal horses are similar to those in rabbits and humans. Topical application of ciprofloxacin resulted in a mean tear concentration of ciprofloxacin that remained above the MIC(90) levels for most pathogenic bacteria for 6 h post administration.  相似文献   

Administration of enrofloxacin during late pregnancy failed to induce lesions in the resulting newborn foals     

R. E. Ellerbrock  I. F. Canisso  P. J. Roady  A. Litsky  S. Durgam  G. Podico  Z. Li  F. S. Lima 《Equine veterinary journal》2020,52(1):136-143

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