饲料添加剂L-赖氨酸硫酸盐中L-赖氨酸含量近红外速测方法研究     

李守学  陈玉艳  贾铮  肖志明  王燕妮  刘成新  樊霞 《动物营养学报》2017,29(10)

为了探讨利用近红外漫反射光谱技术(NIDRS)快速定量分析饲料添加剂L-赖氨酸硫酸盐中L-赖氨酸含量的可行性,本试验在全国范围内收集了具有代表性的L-赖氨酸硫酸盐添加剂76个,采用国家标准方法对样品中的L-赖氨酸含量进行化学赋值;用光栅型近红外光谱仪扫描L-赖氨酸硫酸盐样品,获取了不同物理状态下样品的近红外光谱图。依据L-赖氨酸含量将样品分为定标集和验证集,运用适当的光谱预处理方法,采用竞争性自适应重加权(CARS)算法结合偏最小二乘法(PLS)建立了L-赖氨酸硫酸盐的近红外定标分析模型,并将该模型与全波长模型进行了比较。结果表明:用烘干、60目粉碎后的样品结合CARS算法建立的定标模型最优,定标集校正决定系数(R2C)为0.954,校正集标准偏差(SEC)为0.510,交互验证标准偏差(SECV)为0.659;验证集预测决定系数(R2P)为0.952,预测标准偏差(SEP)为0.554,相对分析误差(RPD)值为3.83。由此可见,NIDRS定量分析L-赖氨酸硫酸盐具有一定可行性,对于丰富我国氨基酸盐及其他氨基酸制品的快速检测方法具有实际的应用意义。  相似文献   

后备荣昌母猪适宜消化能和赖氨酸需要量研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

汪超  龙定彪  刘雪芹  刘作华  杨飞云 《中国畜牧杂志》2010,46(21)

旨在探讨研究35～55 kg后备荣昌母猪适宜日粮消化能(DE)与表观可消化赖氨酸(ADLys)水平。选用(34.45±4.53)kg后备荣昌母猪216头,随机分为12个处理,每个处理6个重复,每个重复3头。采用3×4因子设计,日粮DE分别为11.72、12.34和12.97 MJ/kg,ADLys分别为0.43%、0.53%、0.63%和0.73%。结果表明:随着日粮DE水平的提高,试验猪日增重显著提高(P0.05),饲料增重比显著降低(P0.05),P2背膘厚显著增加(P0.01),母猪发情率呈现上升趋势(P0.1)。日粮Lys水平提高使血清尿素氮含量呈现上升趋势(P0.1)。在本试验条件下,35～55 kg后备荣昌母猪适宜日粮DE和ADLys水平分别为12.97MJ/kg和0.43%。  相似文献   

饲粮不同赖氨酸水平对早期断奶仔猪生产性能的影响     

谢建兵  H.C.Lee  段红伟  于锋 《饲料工业》2010,31(20)

试验旨在研究饲粮不同赖氨酸水平对早期断奶仔猪生产性能的影响。选择28日龄断奶、平均初始体重(6.74±0.03)kg的杜长大三元杂交仔猪150头,随机分为3组,每组2个重复(圈),每个重复25头猪,分别饲喂总赖氨酸水平为1.35%、1.42%、1.60%的3种饲粮,饲养试验时间为20d。结果表明,各项生产性能指标均随饲粮总赖氨酸水平提高呈二次曲线变化。以处理Ⅱ(总赖氨酸水平1.42%)为最佳,随着赖氨酸水平的降低或升高,生产性能均下降。当总赖氨酸水平提高到1.60%(处理Ⅲ)时,其日增重、日采食量和每克赖氨酸增重均显著低于处理Ⅱ(P0.05)。  相似文献   

玉米籽粒赖氨酸含量的配合力效应及杂种优势分析   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

刘宗华  刘义宝  李浩川  谭晓军  胡彦民  汤继华 《东北农业大学学报》2010,41(4)

以选自不同杂种优势类群的10个玉米自交系为亲本,按照Griffing设计配成正反交90个组合,分别在河南3个地点进行随机区组试验,测定籽粒赖氨酸含量,分析基因型、地点及其互作对玉米籽粒赖氨酸含量的影响,并进行配合力和杂种优势分析。结果表明,地点和基因型各自之间差异以及地点×基因型的互作效应差异均达极显著水平;亲本赖氨酸含量的一般配合力(GCA)和特殊配合力(SCA)效应差异均达极显著水平,组合的赖氨酸含量以GCA效应为主;自交系E28、8085和Mo17的赖氨酸含量以及GCA效应均较高,是高赖氨酸育种的重要资源,尤其是E28,其赖氨酸含量和GCA效应分别达0.42%、0.502,有更大利用潜力;赖氨酸含量表现负向杂种优势,并与蛋白质含量存在极显著正相关(r=0.6052),而与产量之间存在显著负相关(r=-0.2280),表明对产量和品质同时改良的难度远大于对单一性状的改良。  相似文献   

用分光光度计测定玉米中总赖氨酸的简便方法     

王玺  张崇玉 《贵州农业科学》2010,38(8)

为探索测定玉米中总赖氨酸含量的简便方法,对玉米中总赖氨酸含量的测定条件进行了比较研究,结果表明,样品在150℃下用6 mol/L盐酸水解4 h,利用赖氨酸与茚三酮显色的原理进行分光光度计比色测定,回收率达103%,结果精确稳定,方法简便,适合大批量样品分析.  相似文献   

不同浓度赖氨酸对猪IEC碱性氨基酸转运载体mRNA表达的影响   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  

职爱民左建军  周响艳邹仕庚黄志毅  王小兰叶慧代发文  冯定远 《中国农学通报》2010,26(21):6-11

本研究通过建立猪肠粘膜上皮细胞（Intestinal epithelial cells, IEC）原代培养的方法,研究了赖氨酸对体外培养的猪小肠粘膜上皮细胞碱性氨基酸转运载体mRNA表达的影响。用机械刮取初生仔猪小肠粘膜加胶原酶Ⅱ消化的方法,成功地在体外培养了新生仔猪IEC;分别用浓度为0.5 mM、2 mM、8 mM赖氨酸处理细胞96 h,提取细胞总RNA,采用实时荧光定量PCR方法,检测了碱性氨基酸转运载体在不同处理细胞中的表达丰度。结果表明：高浓度的赖氨酸对CAT-1 mRNA的表达有上调作用,差异极显著(P<0.01),并且呈剂量依赖效应;不同浓度的赖氨酸对CAT-2 mRNA的表达影响不大,8 mM和2 mM赖氨酸组CAT-2 mRNA的表达丰度均有低于0.5 mM的趋势,但二者之间差异不显著(P>0.05);不同浓度的赖氨酸对y+LAT1 mRNA表达影响差异不显著(P>0.05);高浓度的赖氨酸可提高4F2hc mRNA的表达;0.5 mM和2 mM赖氨酸组4F2hc mRNA的表达丰度均低于8 mM,且差异显著(P<0.05);0.5 mM和2 mM赖氨酸组之间差异不显著(P>0.05)。  相似文献   

42—62日龄康贝尔麻鸭蛋氨酸和赖氨酸的需要量     

叶慧  邬爱姬  邓远帆  王文策  杨琳 《中国农业科学》2013,46(16):3444-3451

【目的】研究饲粮蛋氨酸和赖氨酸添加水平对康贝尔麻鸭生产性能、屠宰性能、抗氧化功能等的影响,探讨42—62日龄康贝尔麻鸭的蛋氨酸与赖氨酸需要量。【方法】选用42日龄健康的康贝尔麻鸭936只,根据体重随机分成9组,每组4个重复,每个重复26只鸭。试验为蛋氨酸与赖氨酸3×3处理设计,蛋氨酸水平分别为0.28%、0.38%、0.48%,赖氨酸水平分别为0.58%、0.73%、0.88%。试验周期为21 d。【结果】饲粮蛋氨酸与赖氨酸交叉作用对麻鸭生产性能无显著影响（P＞0.05）;饲粮蛋氨酸与赖氨酸交叉作用对麻鸭屠宰率影响显著（P＜0.05）;饲粮中蛋氨酸与赖氨酸水平的变化对麻鸭肝脏SOD活力和GSH-Px活力有显著影响（P＜0.05）,其中以蛋氨酸水平为0.38%,赖氨酸水平为0.88%组效果最好,但对MDA含量无显著影响（P＞0.05）。【结论】在饲粮蛋氨酸水平为0.28%—0.48%、赖氨酸水平为0.58%—0.88%范围内42—62日龄康贝尔麻鸭生产性能不受该两种限制性氨基酸影响,但饲粮中适宜蛋氨酸和赖氨酸的比例可改善肉鸭屠宰性能,提高机体抗氧化功能;在饲粮代谢能水平为11.49 MJ•kg-1且粗蛋白质水平为16.44%时,42—62日龄康贝尔麻鸭饲粮蛋氨酸推荐总量为0.38%,赖氨酸推荐总量为0.73%。  相似文献   

Changes in carbohydrate and nitrogenous components and amylase activities during germination of grain amaranth     

Theymoli Balasubramanian  S. Sadasivam 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》1989,39(4):325-330

Grain amaranth (Amaranthus hypochondriacus), Yercaud local variety, was soaked overnight and germinated for 192 h taking the soaked grains as the zero time (0 h) sample. The changes in the activities of - and -amylases, starch, sugar, protein and lysine contents during germination are reported. Activity of -amylase was high in the 0 h soaked grains, while -amylase activity was high in 72 h germinated grains. The joint action of the amylases resulted in a decrease of starch content from 0 to 192 h in germinated grains and an increase in total sugars during the initial period of germination.Protein nitrogen was found to decrease from 48 h to 192 h accompanied by an increase in free amino acid and non-protein nitrogen contents. Total lysine content was found to be increased by 31% in 24 h germinated grain amaranth. Protein fractionation of raw, soaked and 24 h germinated grain amaranth showed that the distribution of different types of proteins varied during germination of the grains. An increase of water soluble protein content was noticed in 24 h germinated grains.  相似文献   

Amino acid compositions of different protein fractions in developing grains of NP 113 barley and its high lysine Notch-2 mutant     

S. Joshi  I. M. Santha  S. L. Mehta 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》1988,38(4):277-286

The percent distributions of protein fractions namely albumin + globulin, prolamine and glutelin were studied in developing grains of NP 113 barley and its high lysine mutant Notch-2. During development the percentage of albumin + globulin fraction decreased in NP 113, while those of prolamine and glutelin remained unchanged. The increase in prolamine was substantial from 24 to 31DAA. In Notch-2 the trend followed by albumin + globulin and prolamine was like that in NP 113, while the glutelin fraction showed an increase as compared to 10 DAA. The percent of albumin + globulin was slightly higher in Notch-2 as compared to NP 113. The absolute amount (mg/grain) of all the protein fractions increased during development in both NP 113 and its mutant Notch-2. During the grain development the prolamine content was substantially lower in the mutant than in the parent NP 113. The albumin + globulin content per endosperm was in general also higher in NP 113 than Notch-2. Amino acid analysis of the protein fractions did not reveal significant changes in lysine between NP 113 and Notch-2. Thus, the improvement in lysine in the mutant is primarily due to reduced synthesis of the prolamine fraction and not due to an increase in lysine in the mutant hordein fraction. Part of the improvemenht in lysine may also be due to increase in the percentage of albumin + globulin fractions which is lysine rich.Part of the Ph.D thesis submitted by S. Joshi to P.G. School, IARI, New Delhi.  相似文献   

The estimation of ‘available lysine’ in human foods by three chemical procedures     

Kenneth J. Carpenter  Frederick H. Steinke  George L. Catignani  Harold E. Swaisgood  M. C. Allerd  J. L. MacDonald  Marc Schelstraete 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》1989,39(1):129-135

Seventeen test foods were each analyzed by four methods. Total lysine was measured by conventional amino acid analysis. Reactive lysine was measured with either fluorodinitrobenzene, o-phthalaldehyde or a differential dye-binding procedure. The results were then compared with another group's results from rat growth assays of the same samples for availably lysine. A sample of deliberately heat-damaged milk powder gave a rat assay value corresponding to 64% of its total lysine content; other values were all higher and on average 99% for 7 animal products, and 87% for 9 vegetable products. The correlation coefficient between the two sets of values was 0.95. The reactive lysine procedures failed to give a better prediction of the rat values.  相似文献