Antiviral Effect of Saccharomyces cerevisiaeβ‐glucan to Swine Influenza Virus by Increased Production of Interferon‐γ and Nitric Oxide     

K. Jung  Y. Ha  S.‐K. Ha  D. U. Han  D.‐W. Kim  W. K. Moon  C. Chae 《Zoonoses and public health》2004,51(2):72-76

The aim of these experiments was to investigate the potential antiviral effect of Saccharomyces cerevisiaeβ‐glucan on the pneumonia induced by swine influenza virus (SIV). Forty colostrum‐deprived 5‐day‐old piglets were randomly divided into four groups of 10. The 20 pigs in groups 1 and 2 were administered Saccharomyces cerevisiaeβ‐glucan orally (50 mg/day/pig; En‐Bio Technology Co., Ltd) for 3 days before SIV infection and those in groups 3 and 4 were given culture medium/diluent alone. Groups 1 and 3 were inoculated intranasally with 3 ml of tissue culture fluid containing 2 × 10⁶ tissue culture infective doses 50% (TCID₅₀)/ml of SIV and those in groups 2 and 4 were exposed in the same manner to uninfected cell culture supernatant. The microscopic lung lesions induced by SIV infection (group 1 pigs) were significantly more severe than those induced by infection in animals pre‐administered β‐glucan (group 3) (P < 0.05). Significantly more SIV nucleic acid was detected in the lungs of pigs experimentally infected with SIV only (group 1) at 5, 7 and 10 days post‐inoculation (dpi) compared with lungs from pigs pre‐administered β‐glucan and infected with SIV (group 3) (P < 0.05). The concentrations of interferon‐γ (IFN‐γ) and nitric oxide (NO) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from pigs pre‐administered β‐glucan and infected with SIV (group 3) were significantly higher than for any other group at 7 and 10 dpi for IFN‐γ, and at 5, 7 and 10 dpi for NO (P < 0.05). Saccharomyces cerevisiaeβ‐glucan reduced the pulmonary lesion score and viral replication rate in SIV‐infected pigs. These findings support the potential application of β‐glucan as prophylactic/treatment agent in influenza virus infection.  相似文献   

Fungicidal activity of a series of chloroacetylanilidophosphonates     

Hyun-Joon Ha 《Pest management science》1993,37(3):289-292

Nine diethyl chloroacetylanilidomethylphosphonates and ten diethyl α-(chloroacetylanilido)benzylphosphonates were prepared by N-chloroacetylation of the corresponding diethyl anilinomethyl- and anilinobenzylphosphonates. These were tested for antifungal activity against six phytopathogenic fungi. Most of the compounds showed moderate protective properties. No significant difference in activity was observed for compounds with an extra aryl ring substituent on the methylene group of the backbone. Compounds with electron-withdrawing substituents, especially chlorine, on the aniline site (R¹) showed higher fungicidal activity than the other compounds with electron-donating groups as substituents.  相似文献   

Histochemical detection of glycoconjugates in the male reproductive system of the horse     

Ha TY  Ahn MJ  Lee YD  Yang JH  Kim HS  Shin TK 《Journal of veterinary science (Suw?n-si, Korea)》2003,4(1):21-28

Lectins are glycoproteins of plant and animal origin that have the ability to bind specific carbohydrate residues of cell glycoconjugates, particularly in terminal positions. In this study, the binding of lectins, Dolichos biflorus agglutinin (DBA), soybean agglutinin (SBA), Bandeiraea simplicifolia BS-1 (isolectin B4), Triticum vulgaris (WGA), Arachis hypogaea (PNA), and Ulex europaeus (UEA-I), was studied in the reproductive systems of male thoroughbred horses.DBA was detected in the stereocilia of the caput and corpus epididymis, and in the vas deferens. It was weakly detected in connective tissue of the corpus epididymis. Strong SBA staining was seen in epithelial cells in the testis, stereocilia of the corpus and cauda epididymis, and in the vas deferens. There were intense positive reactions for isolectin B4 in interstitial cells in all tissue and serosa of the vas deferens. PNA staining was seen only in stereocilia in the caput and corpus epididymis, and in the vas deferens. Strong WGA staining was seen throughout the testis, except in Sertoli cells, stereocilia, and connective tissue. UEA-I was detected in secondary spermatids, stereocilia, and epithelial cells of the cauda epididymis. These results show that degenerating cells in the testis, epididymal tubules, and vas deferens have differential affinities for lectins, and suggest that lectins play a role in the reproductive system of the horse. The heterogeneity of the lectin staining pattern in the reproductive tubules of adult horses suggests that the carbohydrate composition of each cell type is region specific.  相似文献   

Characterization of the Exoglucanase-Encoding Gene PaEXG2 and Study of Its Role in the Biocontrol Activity of Pichia anomala Strain K     

Grevesse C  Lepoivre P  Jijakli MH 《Phytopathology》2003,93(9):1145-1152

ABSTRACT The PaEXG2 gene, encoding an exo-beta-1,3-glucanase, was isolated from the biocontrol agent Pichia anomala strain K. PaEXG2 has the capacity for coding an acidic protein of 427 amino acids with a predicted molecular weight of 45.7 kDa, a calculated pI of 4.7, and one potential N-glycosylation site. PaEXG2 was disrupted by the insertion of the URA3 marker gene, encoding orotidine monophosphate decarboxylase in strain KU1, a uracil auxotroph derived from strain K. Strain KU1 showed inferior biocontrol activity and colonization of wounds on apples, compared to the prototrophic strain. Antagonism and colonization were recovered after the restoration of prototrophy by transformation with the URA3 gene. Integrative transformation was shown to be mostly ectopic in strain K descendants (only 4% of integration by homologous recombination). PaEXG2 disruption abolished all detectable extracellular exo-beta-1,3-glucanase activity in vitro and in situ but did not affect biocontrol of Botrytis cinerea on wounded apples.  相似文献   

羊痘病毒属病毒通用Cycleave PCR检测方法的建立     

南文龙  巩明霞  陆游  李金明  王永杰  哈达  吴发兴  李林  王英丽  陈义平  吴晓东 《中国动物检疫》2022,39(8):107-111

为快速特异检测羊痘病毒属病毒（CaPVs）,比较了牛结节性皮肤病病毒（LSDV）、山羊痘病毒（GTPV）和绵羊痘病毒（SSPV）的全基因组序列,选择保守区域设计特异性引物和探针,建立了一种CaPVs通用的Cycleave PCR检测方法。特异性结果显示,该方法在40 min内即可检出CaPVs,与口蹄疫病毒、羊口疮病毒、牛病毒性腹泻病毒、牛传染性鼻气管炎病毒、蓝舌病病毒均无交叉反应;灵敏性结果显示,最低检出限为4.98 copies/μL;重复性结果显示,批内和批间重复变异系数均小于2%。对131份临床样本进行检测发现,该方法与世界动物卫生组织（WOAH）推荐的常规PCR方法相比,敏感性为100%,特异性为91.55%,总符合率为95.42%。以上结果表明,本研究建立的Cycleave PCR检测方法特异、敏感、重复性好,且操作简便,适用于CaPVs的高通量、快速检测。  相似文献   

A study of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in dogs as a disease model for canine necrotizing encephalitis     

Jong-Hyun Moon  Hae-Won Jung  Hee-Chun Lee  Joon-Hyeok Jeon  Na-Hyun Kim  Jung-Hyang Sur  Jeongim Ha  Dong-In Jung 《Journal of veterinary science (Suw?n-si, Korea)》2015,16(2):203-211

In the present study, the use of dogs with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) as a disease model for necrotizing encephalitis (NE) was assessed. Twelve healthy dogs were included in this study. Canine forebrain tissues (8 g), including white and grey matter, were homogenized with 4 mL of phosphate-buffered saline for 5 min in an ice bath. The suspension was emulsified with the same volume of Freund''s complete adjuvant containing 1 mg/mL of killed Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra. Under sedation, each dog was injected subcutaneously with canine brain homogenate at four sites: two in the inguinal and two in the axillary regions. A second injection (booster) was administered to all the dogs using the same procedure 7 days after the first injection. Clinical assessment, magnetic resonance imaging, cerebrospinal fluid analyses, necropsies, and histopathological and immunohistochemical examinations were performed for the dogs with EAE. Out of the 12 animals, seven (58%) developed clinically manifest EAE at various times after immunization. Characteristics of canine EAE models were very similar to canine NE, suggesting that canine EAE can be a disease model for NE in dogs.  相似文献   

基于无人机多光谱影像的荒漠草原典型物种识别     

那木拉  李渊  王乌云  哈斯图亚  李斐  哈申高娃 《中国农业信息》2022,(2):37-48

【目的】 准确获取草原植物物种空间分布信息是草原生态系统生物多样性监测、群落重构与生态功能维持的重要基础。及时准确获取植物物种空间分布可以为草原植物物种信息提取提供有效技术手段。【方法】 文章以无人机多光谱影像为基础,分别在像元尺度和对象尺度上开展了荒漠草原典型物种的信息提取方法研究。像元尺度上先定义样本计算样本可分离性,在选择不同分类器进行分类。而对象尺度上首先进行遥感影像尺度分割研究,选出最佳分割尺度。在此基础上,提取最优特征变量,并采用阈值分类法提取植被信息。【结果】 高分辨率无人机多光谱数据能够为荒漠草原物种信息提取提供有效数据基础。面向对象影像分析技术的表现最好,总体精度85.16%,Kappa系数0.71,其中短花针茅的制图精度和用户精度分别为97.6%和86%;其次是支持向量机机器学习算法,其总体精度80.40%,Kappa系数0.70,短花针茅的制图精度和用户精度分别为90.08%和76.46%;而传统最大似然分类法的识别精度较低,总体精度为74.68%,Kappa系数0.64,短花针茅的制图精度和用户精度分别为72.40和81.96。【结论】 无人机多光谱数据对于集中连片分布的植被物种的识别能力较强,而对零星分布的物种的识别精度并不理想,但该文结果能够为大尺度草原植物物种识别提供一定参考。  相似文献   

Imatinib Mesylate plus Hydroxyurea Chemotherapy for Cerebellar Meningioma in a Belgian Malinois Dog     

Hae-Won JUNG  Hee-Chun LEE  Ji-Hyun KIM  Hyo-Mi JANG  Jong-Hyun MOON  Jung-Hyang SUR  Jeongim HA  Dong-In JUNG 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2014,76(11):1545-1548

  相似文献   

Comparison of arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferase and melatonin receptor type 1B immunoreactivity between young adult and aged canine spinal cord     

Ji Hyeon Ahn  Joon Ha Park  In Hye Kim  Jae-Chul Lee  Bing Chun Yan  Min Sik Yong  Choong Hyun Lee  Jung Hoon Choi  Ki-Yeon Yoo  In Koo Hwang  Seung Myung Moon  Hyung-Cheul Shin  Moo-Ho Won 《Journal of veterinary science (Suw?n-si, Korea)》2014,15(3):335-342

Melatonin affects diverse physiological functions through its receptor and plays an important role in the central nervous system. In the present study, we compared immunoreactivity patterns of arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferase (AANAT), an enzyme essential for melatonin synthesis, and melatonin receptor type 1B (MT2) in the spinal cord of young adult (2~3 years) and aged (10~12 years) beagle dogs using immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. AANAT-specific immunoreactivity was observed in the nuclei of spinal neurons, and was significantly increased in aged dog spinal neurons compared to young adult spinal neurons. MT2-specific immunoreactivity was found in the cytoplasm of spinal neurons, and was predominantly increased in the margin of the neuron cytoplasm in aged spinal cord compared to that in the young adult dogs. These increased levels of AANAT and MT2 immunoreactivity in aged spinal cord might be a feature of normal aging and associated with a feedback mechanism that compensates for decreased production of melatonin during aging.  相似文献   

Tilapia Lake Virus was not detected in non-tilapine species within tilapia polyculture systems of Bangladesh     

Partho Pratim Debnath  Nguyen Dinh-Hung  Suwimon Taengphu  Vuong Viet Nguyen  Jerome Delamare-Deboutteville  Saengchan Senapin  Chadag Vishnumurthy Mohan  Ha Thanh Dong  Channarong Rodkhum 《Journal of fish diseases》2022,45(1):77-87

Sixteen countries, including Bangladesh, have reported the presence of tilapia lake virus (TiLV), an emerging tilapia pathogen. Fish polyculture is a common farming practice in Bangladesh. Some unusual mortalities reported in species co-cultivated with TiLV-infected tilapia led us to investigate whether any of the co-cultivated species would also test positive for TiLV and whether they were susceptible to TiLV infection under controlled laboratory experiments. Using 183 samples obtained from 15 farms in six districts across Bangladesh, we determined that 20% of the farms tested positive for TiLV in tilapia, while 15 co-cultivated fish species and seven other invertebrates (e.g. insects and crustaceans) considered potential carriers all tested negative. Of the six representative fish species experimentally infected with TiLV, only Nile tilapia showed the typical clinical signs of the disease, with 70% mortality within 12 days. By contrast, four carp species and one catfish species challenged with TiLV showed no signs of TiLV infection. Challenged tilapia were confirmed as TiLV-positive by RT-qPCR, while challenged carp and walking catfish all tested negative. Overall, our field and laboratory findings indicate that species used in polycultures are not susceptible to TiLV. Although current evidence suggests that TiLV is likely host-specific to tilapia, targeted surveillance for TiLV in other fish species in polyculture systems should continue, in order to prepare for a possible future scenario where TiLV mutates and/or adapts to new host(s).  相似文献