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1.
为探明长江中游玉米籽粒机械直收适宜品种与配套农艺措施,2018—2019年选用不同玉米品种,测定不同机收时间下玉米关键农艺性状、产量及机收质量指标。结果表明,收获时间对春玉米机收产量与机收质量均有显著影响。延迟1周收获后籽粒容重显著增加,机收产量显著提高,2年平均提高9.72%;而延迟2周收获则有降低机收产量的趋势。2年收获时杂质率总体≤3%,而机收籽粒破碎率与损失率均>5%,是该区域春玉米籽粒机收面临的主要问题。籽粒厚度、籽粒含水率和百粒重是影响机收籽粒破碎率的关键性状,三者与机收籽粒破碎率均呈显著的倒二次曲线关系;玉米的倒伏率、穗位高和重心高度是影响机收损失率的关键性状,倒伏率与机收损失率呈显著正相关,而穗位高和重心高度与机收损失率均呈显著的二次曲线关系。延迟收获能显著降低籽粒含水量,从而降低籽粒破碎率,但继续延迟收获有增加倒伏的风险。综上,长江中游春玉米成熟后适时延迟7~10 d收获,可有效降低籽粒含水量与机收籽粒破碎率,提高玉米籽粒机收产量。 相似文献
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Compatibility of root growth and tuber production of potato cultivars with dynamic and static water‐saving irrigation managements 下载免费PDF全文
S. H. Ahmadi M. Agharezaee A. A. Kamgar‐Haghighi A. R. Sepaskhah 《Soil Use and Management》2017,33(1):106-119
The important root characteristics of root length density (RLD) and root mass density (RMD) generally differ among irrigation managements and potato cultivars. The objective of this study was to investigate the RLD and RMD variations and their functional relationships with gross potato tuber yield for two commercial potato cultivars, Agria and Sante, under different irrigation strategies. Full irrigation and water‐saving irrigation strategies, deficit and partial root drying irrigations, were applied statically (S) and dynamically (D) based on daily crop evapotranspiration. Results showed that SPRD had significantly greater RLD (3.64 cm/cm3) and RMD (132.7 μg/cm3) than other irrigation treatments. Between the potato cultivars, Agria had significantly larger values of RLD (3.50 cm/cm3) and RMD (138.7 μg/cm3) than Sante. The functional relationship between the root growth characteristics and tuber yield showed that under water‐saving irrigations, Agria increased root mass at the expense of gross tuber yield but Sante increased root mass to maintain larger gross tuber yields. However, Agria produced more roots and gross tuber yield than Sante, and it is concluded that Agria is a more drought‐tolerant potato cultivar, which is recommended for tuber production in regions where water might be scarce. It was shown that larger root production in potatoes was associated with improved tolerance to water stress. 相似文献
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Kim Birnie‐Gauvin Lasse Birch Hjrup Theis Kragh Lene Jacobsen Kim Aarestrup 《Ecology of Freshwater Fish》2019,28(3):376-384
Pike (Esox lucius) occupy coastal streams and rivers of the Baltic Sea, where they attain large sizes (>5 kg). These large sizes are perhaps due to the fact that they can tolerate relatively high salinities and can thus forage in the nearby more productive brackish environments. In an attempt to quantify the extent to which pike utilise brackish environments, and to provide some insight into the underlying causes for brackish water migrations, we tagged 30 pike from a western Baltic river with acoustic transmitters and were able to track 21 individuals for 1 year. Based on experienced from local anglers, this population was assumed to be brackish in nature, where individuals underwent freshwater migrations to spawn. Our findings however suggest that the smallest and most active individuals make short exits into brackish waters and do so on rare occasions. Our results further indicate that neither sex nor size is related to activity level. We suggest that these patterns reflect two distinct behaviours—active and passive—and that large pike can be supported by the food availability in the river, without the need to venture into coastal zones, thus defying the conventional view that Baltic pike are all brackish in nature. 相似文献
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种子在自然贮藏过程中常常伴随着内部生理机能的恶化,线粒体作为种子内活性氧(reactive oxide species,ROS)产生的主要位点是最先遭到破坏的细胞器。为探讨不同贮藏年限对老芒麦种胚线粒体抗氧化功能的影响,本试验以室温贮藏0~4年的老芒麦种子为材料,分析比较其老化规律及种胚线粒体抗氧化特性的变化规律。结果表明:随着贮藏年限的延长,老芒麦种子发芽势、发芽率和种苗鲜重逐渐下降,死种子逐渐增多,种胚线粒体苹果酸脱氢酶(mitochondria malate dehydrogenase,MDH)、谷胱甘肽还原酶(glutathione reductase,GR)、单脱氢抗坏血酸还原酶(monodehydroascorbate reductase,MDHAR)活性逐渐下降,但在死种子中超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase,SOD)活性显著升高。此外,在贮藏过程中老芒麦种胚线粒体O2·-产生速率不断上升,而H2O2含量则呈现逐渐降低的趋势,表明线粒体中O2·-的积累与细胞氧化损伤密切相关。 相似文献
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应用多重PCR检测人工感染鸡呼吸道疾病的研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
本文报道了IBV,NDV,ILTV,MG人工感染4周龄SPF鸡和非免疫鸡后,用多重PCR检测试验鸡的咽喉棉拭子和器官组织样品,并与传统的病原分离鉴定,血清学方法进行比较,多重PCR无论是对单一感染病原,还是对两种以上混合感染病原,其敏感性和检测速度都优于传统的鉴别诊断方法,具有较高的实用价值,可以直接应用于临床检测,服务于生产。 相似文献
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