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为探讨HOX在蒙古绵羊CO2的体轴发育与细胞分化中的特异性表达情况,选用已报道的HOX基因保守区序列设计简并引物,对蒙古绵羊CO2的基因组进行了PCR扩增,经克隆和DNA测序,得到的片段为117bp,编码39个氨基酸,Blast及DNAStar软件分析证明克隆到了3个Hox片段. 相似文献
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双胸复合体(BX-C)作为Hox基因簇的两个复合体之一,包括Ultrabithorax(Ubx)、abdominal-A(abd-A)、Abdominal-B(Abd-B)3个基因及其间的顺式调控区域,在动物躯体模式的发育过程中具有重要作用。昆虫双胸复合体基因主要规定其后胸及腹部形态的特异性,通过与其上、下游靶基因一起或以自身基因间的相互调控作用行使功能。本文以模式昆虫果蝇为主,结合家蚕、蝴蝶、赤拟谷盗等,对双胸复合体在昆虫体节规定、附件发育及内部器官分化等过程中的作用与基因间的相互调控关系进行了综述。 相似文献
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Evolutionary changes of Hox genes and relevant regulatory factors provide novel insights into mammalian morphological modifications 
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下载免费PDF全文 Kui LI Xiaohui SUN Meixiu CHEN Yingying SUN Ran TIAN Zhengfei WANG Shixia XU Guang YANG 《Integrative zoology》2018,13(1):21-35
The diversity of body plans of mammals accelerates the innovation of lifestyles and the extensive adaptation to different habitats, including terrestrial, aerial and aquatic habitats. However, the genetic basis of those phenotypic modifications, which have occurred during mammalian evolution, remains poorly explored. In the present study, we synthetically surveyed the evolutionary pattern of Hox clusters that played a powerful role in the morphogenesis along the head–tail axis of animal embryos and the main regulatory factors (Mll, Bmi1 and E2f6) that control the expression of Hox genes. A deflected density of repetitive elements and lineage‐specific radical mutations of Mll have been determined in marine mammals with morphological changes, suggesting that evolutionary changes may alter Hox gene expression in these lineages, leading to the morphological modification of these lineages. Although no positive selection was detected at certain ancestor nodes of lineages, the increased ω values of Hox genes implied the relaxation of functional constraints of these genes during the mammalian evolutionary process. More importantly, 49 positively‐selected sites were identified in mammalian lineages with phenotypic modifications, indicating adaptive evolution acting on Hox genes and regulatory factors. In addition, 3 parallel amino acid substitutions in some Hox genes were examined in marine mammals, which might be responsible for their streamlined body. 相似文献
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Hox基因家族在调控动物早期胚胎发育、组织和器官生长起重要作用,因此这类基因家族被广泛应用到物种进化和发育调控的研究中。为了探究Hox基因在团头鲂中分布,进化及表达调控作用,同时为了探究Hox基因与团头鲂肌间刺发育的关系,研究基于团头鲂全基因组数据,结合生物信息学分析方法对其Hox基因家族进行鉴定、染色体分布、系统进化和表达模式分析。结果显示,在团头鲂基因组中共鉴定出49个Hox基因,根据系统进化分析分为5个亚类;其中49个Hox基因不均匀的分布在5条染色体上,并分为7个基因连锁群（HoxAa、HoxAb、HoxBa、HoxBb、HoxCa、HoxCb和HoxDa）;表达模式分析结果表明,团头鲂Hox基因家族成员具有不同的表达模式;团头鲂和斑马鱼所有Hox基因在肌肉中的表达水平存在显著差异。此外,团头鲂不同发育阶段及不同组织转录组结果显示,HoxA基因群集中,HoxA2a、HoxA3a在幼鱼阶段高表达,其他基因在肌肉、肌间刺及结缔组织中表达量低甚至不表达;HoxB基因群集中,HoxB9a、HoxB3a、HoxB8a、HoxB1b、HoxB5a、HoxB5b在幼鱼阶段高表达;HoxB7a、HoxB10a、HoxB9a在成鱼肌肉、结缔组织及肌间刺中高表达;HoxC基因群集中,HoxC3a、HoxC4a在幼鱼阶段高表达,HoxC3a、HoxC8a在成鱼的3个组织都有表达;HoxD基因群集中,HoxD9a、HoxD10a和HoxD11a在胚胎S2期表达量较高。研究表明,Hox基因在团头鲂早期胚胎时期和肌间刺的形成中有表达,提示团头鲂肌间刺的形成可能受Hox基因家族调控。 相似文献
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本文利用生物信息学软件分析了鲤（Cyprinus carpio）基因组中同源框基因Hoxa3a与多种鱼类及其它生物的同源性,构建了分子进化树。结果表明：鲤与斑马鱼（Danio rerio）的序列同源性最高为95%,与大西洋鲑（Salmo salar）等四种鱼类的同源性次之为84%,与米氏叶吻银鲛（Callorhinchus milii）和鳐（Leucoraja erinacea）的同源性最低为74.5%,与三种鸟类的同源性为75%左右。这结果也说明,Hox同源框基因序列在进化上高度保守。在序列比较的同时发现了2个鲤的SNP位点,T101C和A213G。上述研究结果,对于保护生物多样性（尤其是遗传多样性）的研究,揭示生物进化历程及机理具有十分重要的意义。 相似文献
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对突变体的发现与鉴定是揭示基因功能的一种有效手段。为了研究家蚕E群突变体的基因多样性,利用Ecotilling技术平台,对家蚕18个E群突变体中的14个Hox基因片段(总长408 kb)进行突变筛选,获得了48个错义突变和213个沉默突变,其中60%是转换型突变,即嘌呤突变为嘌呤,嘧啶突变为嘧啶。研究结果表明,11个Hox基因片段在不同E群突变体中发生了突变,其中在E群突变体06-250中的Bmshx7基因有不同的错义突变位点,特别在homeobox结构域也有突变发生,这些突变可能会影响到Bmshx7基因的功能,即影响对目标基因的转录调控,最终产生突变体06-250相应的突变表型。研究获得的Hox基因的其它突变信息目前与E群突变体的表型尚无直接关联,但其研究结果可为继续筛选鉴定E群突变基因以及探讨基因的功能提供有价值的信息。 相似文献
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Anna Lettieri Rosaria Esposito Adrianna Ianora Antonietta Spagnuolo 《Marine drugs》2015,13(3):1451-1465
The anti-proliferative effects of diatoms, described for the first time in copepods, have also been demonstrated in benthic invertebrates such as polychaetes, sea urchins and tunicates. In these organisms PUAs (polyunsaturated aldehydes) induce the disruption of gametogenesis, gamete functionality, fertilization, embryonic mitosis, and larval fitness and competence. These inhibitory effects are due to the PUAs, produced by diatoms in response to physical damage as occurs during copepod grazing. The cell targets of these compounds remain largely unknown. Here we identify some of the genes targeted by the diatom PUA 2-trans-4-trans-decadienal (DD) using the tunicate Ciona intestinalis. The tools, techniques and genomic resources available for Ciona, as well as the suitability of Ciona embryos for medium-to high-throughput strategies, are key to their employment as model organisms in different fields, including the investigation of toxic agents that could interfere with developmental processes. We demonstrate that DD can induce developmental aberrations in Ciona larvae in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, through a preliminary analysis, DD is shown to affect the expression level of genes involved in stress response and developmental processes. 相似文献