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排序方式: 共有1334条查询结果,搜索用时 46 毫秒
1.
为发掘对林木生长发育有利的优良微生物资源,并筛选适合叶表微生物的收集方法,以马尾松针叶为试验材料,分别用悬摇法和超声波法收集马尾松叶表微生物,用扩增子高通量测序技术、MUSCLE和Qiime软件研究马尾松叶表微生物的多样性。结果表明:扫描电镜观测结果显示,马尾松针叶表面定殖有大量微生物,包括真菌(菌丝及孢子)和细菌。扩增子高通量测序结果表明,马尾松叶表微生物物种丰富,包含细菌运算分类单位(OTUs)490个,真菌OTUs 1273个。马尾松叶表细菌以未分类的蓝细菌属(unidentified_Cyanobacteria)(36.53%)、未分类的拜叶林克氏菌属(unidentified_Beijerinckia)(28.60%)、鞘氨醇单胞菌属(Sphingomonas)(2.35%)为优势属;叶表真菌以枝孢属(Cladosporium)(2.45%)、拟盘多毛孢属(Pestalotiopsis)(0.92%)、无头孢菌属(Capnobotryella)(0.91%)为优势属。针对叶表细菌多样性的研究表明,悬摇法和超声波法均有较高的物种检出度;在叶表真菌多样性的研究中超声波法优于悬摇法,但超声波法样品间数据变异性较大,测定结果不稳定。 相似文献
2.
应用多重PCR检测人工感染鸡呼吸道疾病的研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
本文报道了IBV,NDV,ILTV,MG人工感染4周龄SPF鸡和非免疫鸡后,用多重PCR检测试验鸡的咽喉棉拭子和器官组织样品,并与传统的病原分离鉴定,血清学方法进行比较,多重PCR无论是对单一感染病原,还是对两种以上混合感染病原,其敏感性和检测速度都优于传统的鉴别诊断方法,具有较高的实用价值,可以直接应用于临床检测,服务于生产。 相似文献
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Oded Cohen Ozgur Batuman Yoni Moskowits Alexander Rozov Elisha Gootwine Munir Mawassi Moshe Bar-Joseph 《Phytoparasitica》2005,33(2):141-148
Mechanical inoculations with contaminating tools and propagation of infected budwood were considered the main causes for the
omnipresence of multiple viroid species among citrus and other Middle Eastern and Mediterranean fruit trees and grapevines.
However, neither means could explain viroid infections of wild trees — scattered on terrains inaccessible to humans — nor
the finding of similar viroids among graft-incompatible plants. Northern hybridization of RNA extracts made of scrapings from
the surfaces of goat (Capra hircus) horns that were rubbed against etrog (Citrus medica) stems infected with a citrus viroids complex, revealed accumulation of considerable amounts ofCitrus exocortis viroids (CEVd) andHop stunt viroids (HSVd). Experimental transmission of both CEVd and HSVd was obtained by rubbing healthy citrus plants with goat horns that
had been rubbed 24 h earlier on infected etrog stems. These results implicate goats as possible vectors of viroids. Transmissionvia goats could have facilitated the long-range spread of viroids among cultivated and wild plants andvice versa and also among graft-incompatible plants. 相似文献
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Z. Ngoko K.F. Cardwell W.F.O. Marasas M.J. Wingfield R. Ndemah F. Schulthess 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2002,108(9):893-902
The aim was to identify biological and physical factors responsible for reducing maize yield in Cameroon. Two surveys were conducted in 137 fields in two agroecological zones in 1995–1997. In the Humid Forest (HF), Bipolaris maydis, Stenocarpella macrospora, Puccinia polysora, Rhizoctonia solani and soil fertility were factors that reduced maize production in 1995 and 1996. In the Western Highlands (WHL), Cercospora zeae-maydis, and the interaction between soil fertility and maize variety were the most important constraints to maize production in 1996. In 1997, C. zeae-maydis, S. macrospora, physiological spot and stem borer damage (Busseola fusca) were negatively related to ear weight. The combination of these biological factors (diseases and insects), and the physical parameter of soil fertility were responsible for reducing maize yield in these selected benchmarks of Cameroon. Maximum potential yield reductions were estimated at 68% due to B. maydis and 46% due to S. macrospora, respectively, in the HF in 1995. In 1996, maximum potential yield reductions in the HF were estimated at 34%, 41% and 30% due to S. macrospora, P. polysora and R. solani, respectively. In the WHL, C. zeae-maydis had the potential to cause a yield reduction of 79% in 1996. In the WHL in 1997, the interaction between C. zeae-maydis and B. fusca, stem diseases and the physiological spot caused potential reductions of 52%, 34% and 39%, respectively. 相似文献
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枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)S9对植物病原真菌的溶菌作用 总被引:19,自引:1,他引:19
本研究共分离了976株细菌分离物,发现来自甘蔗根围的1株枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)S9对立枯丝核菌(Rhizoctonia solani)、终极腐霉(Pythium ultimum)和西瓜枯萎病菌(Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.niveum)在PDA平板的对峙培养过程中不形成抑菌圈,但4d后可使上述植物病原真菌的菌丝溶解。扫描电镜观察发现S9菌株在待测的立枯丝核菌表面形成了溶菌斑。S9菌株对立枯丝核菌的作用过程是通过吸附在病原真菌的菌丝上,并随菌丝生长而生长,而后产生溶菌物质消解菌丝体。液体共培养测定也证明了S9菌株具有上述作用。本研究还发现,S9菌株对植物病原真菌的拮抗真菌绿色木霉(Trichoderma viride)、鲜红毛壳菌(Chaetomium cupreum)和球毛壳菌(Chaetomium globosum)的生长没有影响。盆栽试验证明了S9菌株可有效地控制立枯丝核菌(R.solani)引起的番茄苗期病害。S9菌株与其它拮抗真菌混合具有促进防治植物病原真菌引起的植物病害的潜力。 相似文献
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As a first step in the development of a mycoherbicide for biological control of Cirsium arvense indigenous fungal pathogens that had been isolated from diseased hosts were tested both singly and in combination on potted plants under environmental conditions. Disease symptoms (necroses, chloroses and macerations) and parameters of growth and development were evaluated to determine the potential for weed control. During 1998, Phoma destructiva, Phoma hedericola, a Mycelia sterilia and Puccinia punctiformis were inoculated singly. With the exception of the obligate biotroph P. punctiformis (local infections), the single inoculations reduced the measured parameters. A combined inoculum of P. punctiformis and Ph. hedericola was less effective than Ph. hedericola alone. In 1999, Ph. hedericola, Ph. destructiva, Ph. nebulosa and the Mycelia sterila were applied both singly and as a combined inoculum. Of all the tested inocula, the mixture of four pathogens had the greatest potential for biocontrol, significantly reducing reproductive capacity of the plants. These results demonstrate the importance of taking advantage of synergisms in developing a mycoherbicide. 相似文献
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苜蓿根和根颈腐烂病病原及防治研究进展 总被引:8,自引:2,他引:8
综述了国内外苜蓿Medicago sativa根和根颈腐烂病的病原研究、品种抗病性鉴定及其防治方法的研究进展,为该病害的进一步研究提供理论依据. 相似文献
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